Effect of changing water depth on muscle activity and motion kinematics during sit-to-stand motion

Janssen, 2002, Determinants of the sit-to-stand movement: a review, Phys. Ther., 82, 866, 10.1093/ptj/82.9.866 van Lummel, 2018, Older adults with weaker muscle strength stand up from a sitting position with more dynamic trunk use, Sensors (Basel), 18, E1235, 10.3390/s18041235 Janssen, 2005, Analysis and decomposition of accelerometric signals of trunk and thigh obtained during the sit-to-stand movement, Med. Biol. Eng. Comput., 43, 265, 10.1007/BF02345965 Pai, 1991, Speed variation and resultant joint torques during sit-to-stand, Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil., 72, 881, 10.1016/0003-9993(91)90004-3 Dehail, 2007, Kinematic and electromyographic analysis of rising from a chair during a "Sit-to-Walk" task in elderly subjects: role of strength, Clin. Biomech., 22, 1096, 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2007.07.015 Becker, 2009, Aquatic therapy: scientific foundations and clinical rehabilitation applications, P. M. R., 1, 859, 10.1016/j.pmrj.2009.05.017 Kaneda, 2009, EMG activity of hip and trunk muscles during deep-water running, J. Electromyogr. Kinesiol., 19, 1064, 10.1016/j.jelekin.2008.11.001 Miyoshi, 2004, Effect of the walking speed to the lower limb joint angular displacements, joint moments and ground reaction forces during walking in water, Disabil. Rehabil., 26, 724, 10.1080/09638280410001704313 Sato, 2007, The water exercise improves health-related quality of life of frail elderly people at day service facility, Qual. Life Res., 16, 1577, 10.1007/s11136-007-9269-2 Sato, 2011, Comparison of once and twice weekly water exercise on various bodily functions in community-dwelling frail elderly requiring nursing care, Arch. Gerontol. Geriatr., 52, 331, 10.1016/j.archger.2010.05.002 Barela, 2006, Biomechanical characteristics of adults walking in shallow water and on land, J. Electromyogr. Kinesiol., 16, 250, 10.1016/j.jelekin.2005.06.013 Cuesta-Vargas, 2013, Analysis of the neuromuscular activity during rising from a chair in water and on dry land, J. Electromyogr. Kinesiol., 23, 1446, 10.1016/j.jelekin.2013.06.001 Batterham, 2011, Systematic review and meta-analysis comparing land and aquatic exercise for people with hip or knee arthritis on function, mobility and other health outcomes, BMC Musculoskelet. Disord., 12, 123, 10.1186/1471-2474-12-123 Kaneda, 2019, The features of muscle activity during chair standing and sitting motion in submerged condition, PLoS One, 14, e0220602, 10.1371/journal.pone.0220602 Cuesta-Vargas, 2019, EMG Analysis of the Neuromuscular activity during sit-to-stand from different height chairs in water, Int. J. Aquat. Res. Educ., 12 Nakazawa, 1994, Ground reaction forces during walking in water, 39, 28 Roesler, 2006, Dynamometric analysis of the maximum force applied in aquatic human gait at 1.3M of immersion, Gait Posture, 24, 412, 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2005.09.014 Jung, 2019, The influence of water depth on kinematic and spatiotemporal gait parameters during aquatic treadmill walking, Sports Biomech., 18, 297, 10.1080/14763141.2017.1409255 Heywood, 2019, Force during functional exercises on land and in water in older adults with and without knee osteoarthritis: implications for rehabilitation, Knee, 26, 61, 10.1016/j.knee.2018.11.003 Schober, 2018, Correlation coefficients: appropriate use and interpretation, Anesth. Analg., 126, 1763, 10.1213/ANE.0000000000002864 Mak, 2003, Joint torques during sit-to-stand in healthy subjects and people with Parkinson’s disease, Clin. Biomech., 18, 197, 10.1016/S0268-0033(02)00191-2 Millington, 1992, Biomechanical analysis of the sit-to-stand motion in elderly persons, Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil., 73, 609 Moening, 1993, Biomechanical comparison of water running and treadmill running, Isokinet. Exerc. Sci., 3, 207, 10.3233/IES-1993-3406 Ageberg, 2015, Neuromuscular exercise as treatment of degenerative knee disease, Exerc. Sport Sci. Rev., 43, 14, 10.1249/JES.0000000000000030 Severin, 2019, Effects of Water immersion on squat and split squat kinematics in older adults, J. Aging Phys. Act., 27, 398, 10.1123/japa.2018-0166 Flanagan, 2003, Squatting exercises in older adults: kinematic and kinetic comparisons, Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., 35, 635, 10.1249/01.MSS.0000058364.47973.06 Severin, 2017, Quantifying kinematic differences between land and water during squats, split squats, and single-leg squats in a healthy population, PLoS One, 12, e0182320, 10.1371/journal.pone.0182320 Heywood, 2016, Spatiotemporal, kinematic, force and muscle activation outcomes during gait and functional exercise in water compared to on land: a systematic review, Gait Posture, 48, 120, 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2016.04.033