Ecotourism community enterprises and ethnodevelopment: modelling the Kalunga empowerment possibilities in the Brazilian savannah

Ahmad Y (2006) The scope and definitions of heritage from tangible to intangible. Int J Herit Stud 12(3):292–330 Americo MC (2010) Quilombo Ivaporunduva: as relações estabelecidas com o território e os significados atribuídos ao trabalho que gera renda. Revista identidade! 15(1): 65–75 Amorim WM (2015) O dificil trajeto pela posse da terra. In: de Almeida MG (ed) O territorio e a comunidade Kalunga: quilombolas em diversos olhares. Editora UFG, Goiania, pp 69–90 Aref F, Redzuan MB (2009) Community capacity building for tourism development. J Hum Ecol 27(1):21–25 Atkinson R, Flint J (2001) Accessing hidden and hard-to-reach populations: snowball research strategies. Social Research Update. Deapartment of Sociology. University of Surrey. Available at, http://sru.soc.surrey.ac.uk/SRU33.pdf. Accessed 20 Nov 2015 Beeton S (2006) Community development through tourism. Lands Link/CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood Begnini E (2003) Ecoturismo e a questão do desenvolvimento sustentável em São João d’Aliança no Nordeste Goiano. Unpublished dissertation. Centro de Excelência em Turismo, Universidade de Brasília—UnB, Brasil Beni MC (2006) Politica e Planejamento de Turismo no Brasil. Aleph, Sao Paulo Bennett N, Lemelin RH, Johnston M, Nation LKD (2010) Using the social economcy in tourism: a study of national park creation and community development in the Northwest Territories, Canada. J Rural Community Dev 5(1/2):200–220 Birukou A, Blanzieri E, Giorgini P, Giunchiglia F (2013) A formal definition of culture. In: Sycara K, Gelfand M, Abbe A (eds) Models for intercultural collaboration and negotiation. Springer, Amsterdam Blackstock KL (2005) A critical look at community based tourism. Commun Dev J 40(1):39–49 Blackwell A, Colmenar R (2000) Community-building: from local wisdom to public policy. Public Health Rep 115(2/3):161–166 Blaser M, Feit HA, McRae G (2004) In the way: indigenous peoples, life projects, and development, IDRC Bonfil Batalla G (1982) El Etnodesarrollo: sus Premises Jurídicas, Políticas y de Organización. In: Bonfil Batalla G (ed) America Latina: Etnodesarrollo, Etnocídio. FLACSO, San Jose, Costa Rica, pp 133–145 Brasileiro ILG, Pena LCS (2015) Desafios do turismo na terra de pretos. In: de Almeida MG (ed) O territorio e a comunidade Kalunga: quilombolas em diversos olhares. Editora UFG, Goiania, pp 230–252 Brito-Neto de JCB (1995) L’information des exclus: l’experience des Calungas au bresi. Unpublished doctoral thesis. Enjeux Sociaux Et Technologies de La Communication Brito-Neto de JCB (2002) A Informação na Construção da Cidadania entre os Calungas’. Trabalho apresentado no NP13—Núcleo de Pesquisa Comunicação e Cultura das Minorias, XXV Congresso Anual em Ciência da Comunicação, Salvador/BA, 4/5 Buckley R, Pickering C, Weaver DB (2003) Nature-based tourism, environment and land management. Cabi Publishing, Cambridge Chell E, Haworth J, Brealey S (1991) The Entrepreneurial Personality: Concepts. Cases and Categories, Routledge da Silva RE, Carvalho KD (2010) Ethnic tourism in quilombolas communities: perspective for the ethnodevelopment in Filipa (Maranhão, Brazil). Turismo e Sociedade 3(3):203–219 de Almeida MG (2010) Territórios de Quilombolas: pelos vãos e serras dos Kalunga de Goiás—patrimônio e biodiversidade de sujeitos do Cerrado. Revista Ateliê Geográfico 1(9):36–63 de Almeida MG (2014) Etnodesenvolvimento e turismo nos Kalunga do Nordeste de Goias. In: de Lima IB (ed) Etnodesenvolvimento e Gestao Territorial: Comunidades Indigenas e Quilombolas. Editora CRV, Curitiba de Almeida MG (ed) (2015) O territorio e a comunidade Kalunga: quilombolas em diversos olhares. Editora UFG, Goiania de Baiocchi MN (1999) Kalunga: Povo da Terra. Brasilia, Secretaria de Estados dos Direitos Humanos, Ministry of the Justice de Deus JAS (2014) Protagonismo politico, etnodesenvolvimento e processos de reterritorializacao de comunidades Quilombolas, em Curso, no Vale do Jequitinhonha, MG. In: de Lima IB (ed) Etnodesenvolvimento e Gestao Territorial: Comunidades Indigenas e Quilombolas. Editora CRV, Curitiba, Parana, Brasil Lima IB de (2011) The micro geopolitics of ecotourism: the intricacies of discursive constructions, power relations and partnership models in planning, promotion and management of (eco)tourism. CreateSpace, North Charleston Lima IB de (ed) (2014a) Etnodesenvolvimento e Gestao Territorial: Comunidades Indigenas e Quilombolas. Editora CRV, Curitiba Lima LNM de (2014b) O Cerrado como territorio—lugar de resistencia e de identidade das comunidades Kalunga. In: Lima I (ed) Etnodesenvolvimento e Gestao Territorial: Comunidades Indigenas e Quilombolas. Editora CRV, Curitiba, Parana, Brasil Lima IB de, Kumble P (2015) Intervencoes etnoterritoriais e sociais: os avancos no desenvolvimento comunitario Kalunga com o (eco)turismo. In: de Almeida MG (ed) O territorio e a comunidade Kalunga: quilombolas em diversos olhares. Editora UFG, Goiania, pp 191–229 Doherty K (2000) ‘Going it alone’: the discursive construction of identity and enterprise culture. Unpublished doctoral thesis, University of Sheffield, UK Falk I, Harrison L (1998) Community learning and social capital: “just having a little chat”. Journal of Vocational Education and Training 50(4):609–627 Faria de IF (2005) Ecoturismo: etnodesenvolvimento e inclusao social no Amazonas (Ecotourism: ethnodevelopment and social inclusion in Amazonas). PASOS – Revista de Turismo e Patrimonio Cultural 3(1): 63–77 FGV—Fundação Getúlio Vargas (2010) Plano de Desenvolvimento Integrado do Turismo Sustentável (PDITS)—Polo da Chapada dos Veadeiros. Sao Paulo, Brasil. (Unpublished report) Fink A (2003) The Survey Handbook. The survey kit, SAGE, London Flora CB, Flora JL (2004) Bonding and bridging social capital in communities with Latino In-Migrants. Cambio de Colores (Change of Colors): Latinos in Missouri: Gateway to a New Community. University of Missouri, St. Louis, USA Flora CB, Thiboumery A (2006) Community capitals: poverty reduction and rural development in dry areas. Ann Arid Zone 45(3/4):1–2 Franco RD, Tarrega MCVB (2015) A odisseia rumo a protecao do territorio Kalunga. In: de Almeida MG (ed) O territorio e a comunidade Kalunga: quilombolas em diversos olhares. Editora UFG, Goiania, pp 91–112 Fregetto E (2004) Immigrant and ethnic entrepreneurship: a US perspective. In: Welsch HP (ed) Entrepreneurship: the way ahead. Routledge, New York, pp 253–268 Fundação Getúlio Vargas. Governo do Estado de Goiás - Agetur. http://www.goiasturismo.go.gov.br/pdits/Veadeiros.pdf. Accessed 26 April 2011 Given LM (2008) The SAGE encyclopedia of qualitative research methods. SAGE, London Greenwood D (1989) Culture by the pound: an anthropological perspective on tourism as cultural commodification. In: Smith V (ed) Hosts and guests: the anthropology of tourism. Pennsylvania University Press, USA Guest G, MacQueen KM, Namey EE (2011) Applied thematic analysis. SAGE, London Hart R (1985) Slaves who abolished slavery, vol 2. The Herald Kingston, Jamaica Heffernan N, Wragg DA (2011) Culture, Environment and Ecopolitics. Cambridge Scholar Publishing, Newcastle Hellier-Tinoco R (2014) Embodying touristic Mexico: virtual and erased indigenous bodies. In: C Pearce et al. (ed) Meet Me at the Fair: a World`s Fair Reader. Self-edited Hogue EM, Rau P (2008) Natural resources commodification, and neoliberalism in andean Peru. Urban Anthropol 37(3/4):283–327 Jenks C (1995) Culture. Routledge, London Johnson PA (2010) Realizing rural community based tourism development: prospects for social-economy enterprises. J Rural Community Dev 5(1/2):150–162 Kilpatrick S (2000) Community learning and sustainability: practice and policy. Keynote address to First Conference on the Future of Australia`s Country Towns, LaTrobe University, Australia Kirby A (2003) Entrepreneurship. McGraw-Hill Education, Berkshire Klein E (1966) A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the English Language, vol I A–K. Elsevier Publishing Company, New York Kroeber AL, Kluckhohn C (1952) Culture: a critical review of concepts and definitions. Pap Peabody Mus 47:643–656 Lee-Ross D, Mitchell B (2007) Doing business in the Torres Straits: a study of the relationship between culture and the nature of indigenous entrepreneurs. J Dev Entrepreneurship 12(2):199–216 Light I, Bhachu P, Karageorgis S (1993) Migration networks and immigrant entrepreneurship. In: Light I, Bhachu P (eds) Immigration and Entrepreneurship. Transaction Publishers, New Brunswick, pp 25–51 Lima I, Weiler B (2015) Indigenous protagonism in tourism operations and management in Australia, Brazil, and New Zealand. ASR CMU J Soc Sci Humanities 2(1):7–37. doi:10.12982/cmujASR.2015.0003 Lindberg K, Hawkins DE (1998) Ecotourism: a guide for planners and managers, vol. 2, Ecotourism Society, North Bennington, Vermont Little PE (2002) Etnodesenvolvimento local: autonomia cultural na era do neoliberalismo global. Tellus 2(3):33–52 Lucio CF (2013) Natureza e cultura como commodities : um estudo antropológico sobre três iniciativas de empreendedorismo étnico de cunho sustentável na comunidade quilombola do Mandira, Cananéia/SP. Unpublished doctoral Thesis, IFCH, UNICAMP, Sao Paulo Maccarrone-Eaglen A (2009) An analysis of culture as a tourism commodity, Tour Cult Commun 1–9. doi:10.3727/109830409X12596186103879 Macleod D (2006) Cultural commodification and tourism: a very special relationship. Tourism, Culture Commun 6(2):71–84 Marinho TA (2008) Identidade e territorialidade entre os Kalunga do Vão do Moleque. Dissertação (Mestrado em Sociologia)—Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociologia—UFG Marinho TA (2013) A economia criativa e o campo etnico-quilombola: o caso Kalunga. Ciencias Sociais Unisinos 49(3):237–250 Marinho TA (2014) Cultura Kalunga: entre a territorialidade e o culturalismo. In: de Lima IB (ed) Etnodesenvolvimento e Gestao territorial: comunidades indigenas e quilombolas. Editora CRV, Curitiba Martineau J, Ritskes E (2014) Fugitive indigeneity: reclaiming the terrain of decolonial struggle through Indigenous art. Decolonization: indigeneity. Educ Soc 3(1):1–12 McKercher B, du Cros H (2002) Cultural tourism: the partnership between tourism and cultural heritage management. Harworth Press, New York MDA/SDT—Agrarian Development Ministry (2010) Territórios Rurais Região Centro-Oeste. Ministério do Desenvolvimento Agrário, Brasília Medina L (2003) Commoditizing culture tourism and Maya identity. Ann Tour Res 30(2):353–368 Meneses UTB (2002) Os “usos culturais” da cultura: contribuição para uma abordagem crítica das práticas e políticas culturais. In: Yázigi E (ed) Turismo, Espaço, Paisagem e Cultura. Hucitec, Sao Paulo Miral C, Kaygalak S, Ersoy R (2013) A casa study of ethnic minorities as tourism entrepreneurs: their involvement in sustainable tourism development. Turizam 17(3):131–144 Molloy A, McFeely C, Connolly E (1999) Building a social economy for the new millenium. Guildhall Press, Derry Northern Ireland Moore A, Brooks R (1996) Community learning organisations. In: Watkins K, Marsick V (eds) Creating the learning organisation. American Society for Training and Development, Virginia Orams MB (2002) Marine ecotourism as a potential agent for sustainable development in Kaikoura, New Zealand. Int J Sustain Dev 5(3):338–353 Pare ML, Oliveira LP, Velloso AD (2007) A educação para Quilombolas: experiências de São Miguel dos Pretos em Restinga Seca (RS) e da Comunidade Kalunga do Engenho II (GO). Cadernos Cedes 27(72):215–232 Peredo AM, Anderson RB, Galbraith CS, Honig B, Dana LP (2004) Towards a theory of indigenous entrepreneurship. Int J Entrepreneurship Small Bus 1(1/2):1–19 Peverelli PJ, Song J (2012) Chinese entrepreneurship: a social capital approach. Springer, London Ramos LMJ, de Almeida MG (2014) Lugares de memoria em trilhas interpretativas: a integracao entre cultura e natureza na visitacao da comunidade Kalunga do Engenho II. In: Lima I (ed) Etnodesenvolvimento e Gestao Territorial: Comunidades Indigenas e Quilombolas. Editora CRV, Curitiba Rata E (2003) Late Capitalism and Ethnic Revivalism, ‘A New Middle Age? Anthropol Theory 3(1):46–64 Razin E, Langlois A (1996) Metropolitan characteristics and entrepreneurship among immigrants and ethnic groups in Canada. Int Migrat Rev 30(3):703–727 Rindova V, Barry D, Ketchen D (2009) Entrepreneurship as emancipation. Acad Manag Rev 34:477–491 Robinson M (1999) Cultural conflicts in tourism: inevitability and inequality. In: Robinson MM, Boniface P (eds) Tourism and cultural conflicts. CABI Publications, Oxon, UK, pp 1–32 Schianetz K, Kavanagh L, Lockington D (2007) The learning tourism destination: the potential of a learning organisation approach for improving the sustainability of tourism destinations. Tour Manag 28:1485–1496 Schwartz SB (1979) The Mocambo: slave resistance in Colonial Brazil. In: Price R (ed) Maroon societies. Anchor Press, Doubleday, pp 202–225 SEPPIR—Secretaria de Promoção da Igualdade Racial (2008). Department for the Promotion of Racial Equity Policies (SEPPIR) (http://www.seppir.gov.br/acoes/pbq). Accessed 26 Apr 2011 Shane S (2003) A General Theory of Entrepreneurship: The Individual-Opportunity Nexus. Edward Elgar, London Silva J, Campanhola C (1999) Panorama do turismo no espaço rural brasileiro. In: Oliveira de CGS (ed). Anais do Congresso Brasileiro de Turismo Rural. Piracicaba: FEALQ Simpeh KN (2011) Entrepreneurship theories and empirical research: a summary review of the literature. Eur J Bus Manag 3(6):1–9 Singh S, Timothy DJ, Dowling R (2003) Tourism in destination communities. Cabi Publishing, Cambridge Sirico HLA (2008) Análise do turismo e seus impactos socioculturais na comunidade Kalunga, Goiás. Unpublished thesis. UNESP. Rosana—SP. http://biblioteca.rosana.unesp.br/upload/HugoSirico.pdf. Accessed 15 April 2011 Sofield THB (2003) Empowerment for sustainable tourism development. Pergamon, Amsterdam Stavenhagen R (1985) Etnodesenvolvimento: uma dimensão ignorada no pensamento desenvolvimentista. Tempo Brasileiro. Anuario Antropologico 84:13–56 Tapia KRL, Trujillo CA (2014) Como hacer proyectos exitosos de turismo comunitatio. Conhisremi, Revista Universitaria de Investigacion y Dialogo Academico 12(2/3):28–57 Taylor B, Sinha G, Ghoshal T (2008) Research methodology: a guide for researchers in management and social sciences. Prentice-Hall of India, New Delhi Thornton PH (1999) The sociology of entrepreneurship. Annu Rev Sociol 25:19–46 Topolsky J (1997) On target, on task, on reflection: the culture of learning communities, Plenary of the International Conference Community Development Society, 28 July, Athens, Georgia, USA Trimble JE, Fisher CB (2006) The handbook of ethical research with ethnocultural populations and communities. Sage Publications, California Ungarelli DB (2009) Comunidade Quilombola Engenho II: Cultura, Produção de Alimentos e Ecologia de Saberes. Unpublished Master thesis. Universidade de Brasilia (UnB). http://repositorio.bce.unb.br/bitstream/10482/4187/1/2009_DaniellaBuchmannUngarelli.pdf. Accessed 25 April 2011) Nieuwkoop M van, Uquillas JE (2000) Defining Ethnodevelopment in Operational Terms : Lessons from the Ecuador Indigenous and Afro-Ecuadorian Peoples Project. LCR Sustainable Development Working Papers 6, World Bank Velloso AD (2007) Mapeando narrativas: uma análise do processo histórico espacial da comunidade do Engenho II – Kalunga. Unpublished Master thesis. Department of Anthropology, Universidade de Brasilia, DF, Brasil Vogt WP (2005) Dictionary of statistics and methodology: a nontechnical guide for the Social Sciences. SAGE, London Volery T (2007) Ethnic entrepreneurship: a theorical framework. Handb Res Ethn Minor Entrepreneurship 1:30–41 Waldinger R, Aldrich H, Ward R (1990) Ethnic entrepreneurs: immigrant business in industrial socities. SAGE, London Weik T (1997) The archaelogy of maroon societies in the Americas: resistance, cultural continuity, and transformation in the African diaspora. Hist Archaeol 31(2):81–92 Wickham PA (1998) Strategic entrepreneurship: a decision-making approach to new venture creation and management. Pitman Publishing, London Willis K (2005) Theories and practices of development. Routledge, New York Wood RE (1984) Ethnic tourism, the state, and cultural change in Southeast Asia. Annals Tour Res 11(1):353–374 Yang L, Wall G (2008) Ethnic tourism and entrepreneurship: xishuangbanna, Yunna, China. Tour Geogr 10(4):522–544 Yinger MJ (1985) Ethnicity. Annual Review of Sociology 11, pp. 151–180 Zimmerer TW, Scarborough NM (2005) Essentials to entrepreneurship and small business management. Prentice Hall Inc., New Jersey