Economic comparison of TABS, PCM ceiling panels and all-air systems for cooling offices

CEN (European Committee for Standardization), prEN 15459-1:2015 – heating systems and water based cooling systems in buildings — energy performance of buildings — part 1: economic evaluation procedure for energy systems in buildings. 2015. Babiak, 2009 Olesen, 2012, Using building mass to heat and cool, ASHRAE J., 54, 44 Kazanci, 2016 Babiak, 2010, Cooling with thermally-active mass in extreme climatic conditions De Carli, 2003, An innovative building based on active thermal slab systems Feustel, 1995, Hydronic radiant cooling – preliminary assessment, Energy Build., 22, 193, 10.1016/0378-7788(95)00922-K Santamouris, 1996 Braun, 2003, Load control using building thermal mass, J. Sol. Energy Eng., 125, 292, 10.1115/1.1592184 Meierhans, 1993, Slab cooling and earth coupling, ASHRAE Trans., 99, 511 Meierhans, 1996 Fabrizio, 2012, Numerical comparison between energy and comfort performances of radiant heating and cooling systems versus air systems, HVAC R Res., 18, 692 Olesen, 2009, Thermal comfort and energy performance of hydronic radiant cooling systems compared to convective systems Imanari, 1999, Thermal comfort and energy consumption of the radiant ceiling panel system. comparison with the conventional all-air system, Energy Build., 30, 167, 10.1016/S0378-7788(98)00084-X Kolarik, 2011, Simulation of energy use, human thermal comfort and office work performance in buildings with moderately drifting operative temperatures, Energy Build., 43, 2988, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2011.07.008 Jeong, 2003, Energy conservation benefits of a dedicated outdoor air system with parallel sensible cooling by ceiling radiant panels, ASHRAE Trans., 109, 627 Stetiu, 1999, Energy and peak power savings potential of radiant cooling systems in us commercial buildings, Energy Build., 30, 127, 10.1016/S0378-7788(98)00080-2 Niu, 2002, Energy savings potential of chilled-ceiling combined with desiccant cooling in hot and humid climates, Energy Build., 34, 487, 10.1016/S0378-7788(01)00132-3 Martínez, 2015, Indoor air quality and thermal comfort evaluation in a spanish modern low-energy office with thermally activated building systems, Sci. Technol. Built Environ., 21, 1091, 10.1080/23744731.2015.1056655 Zhu, 2009, Dynamic characteristics and energy performance of buildings using phase change materials: a review, Energy Convers. Manag., 50, 3169, 10.1016/j.enconman.2009.08.019 Pomianowski, 2013, Review of thermal energy storage technologies based on pcm application in buildings, Energy Build., 67, 56, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.08.006 Engelmann, 2014, Cooling concepts for non-residential buildings: a comparison of cooling concepts in different climate zones, Energy Build., 82, 447, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2014.07.011 Kalnæs, 2015, Phase change materials and products for building applications: a state-of-the-art review and future research opportunities, Energy Build., 94, 150, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2015.02.023 Zhou, 2016, Thermal performance and optimized thickness of active shape-stabilized pcm boards for side-wall cooling and under-floor heating system, Indoor Built Environ., 25, 1279, 10.1177/1420326X16671983 Cui, 2017, A review on phase change material application in building, Adv. Mech. Eng., 9, 1, 10.1177/1687814017700828 Uponor, Life cycle cost comparison of tabs vs. other HVAC (UK): technical brochure, 2013. P. Simmonds, A comparison of energy usage and system costs between a radiant ceiling system, an active beam system and a fan coil system compared to a vav system, Marina Del Rey, California, USA, 2014. Olesen, 2000, Hydronic radiant heating and cooling of buildings using pipes embedded in the building structure Carnieletto, 2018, Why couple renewable energy sources with radiant systems: current trends, limitations and potential, 965 Henze, 2008, Primary energy and comfort performance of ventilation assisted thermo-active building systems in continental climates, Energy Build., 40, 99, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2007.01.014 Ü. Pfafferott, 2007, Comparison of low-energy office buildings in summer using different thermal comfort criteria, Energy Build., 39, 750, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2007.02.005 Rijksen, 2010, Reducing peak requirements for cooling by using thermally activated building systems, Energy Build., 42, 298, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2009.09.007 Pacific Gas and Electric Company, Advanced variable air volume system design guide, 2007. J.D. Feng and H. Cheng, Comparison of construction and energy costs for radiant vs. vav systems, 2018. Allerhand, 2018 Allerhand, 2019, Energy and thermal comfort performance evaluation of pcm ceiling panels for cooling a renovated office room Allerhand, 2019, Investigation of the influence of operation conditions on the discharge of pcm ceiling panels Klein, 2009 Crawley, 1998, Which weather data should you use for energy simulations of commercial buildings?, ASHRAE Trans., 104, 498 European standards committee, EN 16798-1:2015 indoor environmental input parameters for design and assessment of energy performance of buildings addressing indoor air quality, thermal environment, lighting and acoustics, 2015. Koschenz, 2004, Development of a thermally activated ceiling panel with PCM for application in lightweight and retrofitted buildings, Energy Build., 36, 567, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2004.01.029 TRNSYS TYPE 399, 2013. [Online]. Available: [Accessed 01-May-2018]. http://www.trnsys.de/download/de/ts_type_399_en.pdf. Rubitherm RT24. [Online]. Available: [Accessed 03-Dec-2018]. https://www.rubitherm.eu/media/products/datasheets/. Danish Ministry of Transport, Danish executive order on building regulations 2018 (BR18). 2018. CEN (European Committee for Standardization), prEN 13779 – ventilation for non-residential buildings - Performance requirements for ventilation and room conditioning systems. 2005. Nielsen, 2018, The influence of a radiant panel system with integrated phase change material on energy use and thermal indoor environment Eurostat, Electricity prices for household consumers - bi-annual data (from 2007 onwards), 2018. [Online]. Available: [Accessed 23-Jan-2018]. http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/submitViewTableAction.do. Integrated bim workflows in modular prefabricated construction: concept to fabricate. [Online]. Available: https://medium.com/autodesk-university/integrated-bim-workflows-in-modular-prefabricated-construction-concept-to-fabricate-2cff9b3573e1. Eurostat. [Online]. Available: [Accessed 05-Nov-2018]. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/Electricity_price_statistics. Statistics Denmark. [Online]. Available: [Accessed 05-Nov-2018]. http://www.statbank.dk/byg. R. Liguria, Prezzario opere edili ed impiantistiche. 2018. R. Liguria, Prezzario opere edili ed impiantistiche. 2014.