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Nhuộm vải cotton thân thiện với môi trường bằng thuốc nhuộm tự nhiên bền vững từ vỏ cam Gunda Gundo (Citrus sinensis)
Tóm tắt
Quả cam Gunda Gundo được trồng nhiều ở khu vực phía Bắc Ethiopia. Vỏ của chúng giàu carotenoid và có thể trở thành nguyên liệu tiềm năng cho việc chiết xuất thuốc nhuộm tự nhiên. Mục đích của nghiên cứu này là tận dụng vỏ cam Gunda Gundo (Citrus sinensis) (GGOP) để tổng hợp thuốc nhuộm, sau đó ứng dụng vào việc nhuộm vải cotton. Thuốc nhuộm tự nhiên được chiết xuất từ nguyên liệu sinh học tái tạo này có thể giảm ô nhiễm môi trường, góp phần tiết kiệm năng lượng và đồng thời cải thiện sinh kế cho nông dân trồng loại cam này. Quá trình chiết xuất thuốc nhuộm được thực hiện bằng phương pháp chiết xuất soxhlet, trong đó ảnh hưởng của nhiệt độ chiết xuất (65°C, 72.5°C, 80°C), thời gian chiết xuất (1.5h, 3.25h, 5h) và tỷ lệ GGOP với ethanol (0.05g/mL, 0.075g/mL, 0.1g/mL) được nghiên cứu và tối ưu hóa bằng thiết kế Box–Behnken ba biến ba mức sử dụng Phương pháp Bề mặt Phản hồi (phần mềm thiết kế thí nghiệm phiên bản 11). Một mức độ thu hồi thuốc nhuộm tự nhiên tối đa (40.11%) đạt được ở tỷ lệ GGOP với ethanol 0.066g/mL tại 4.995 h và 79.97°C với độ hấp dẫn kết hợp cao. Phân tích sắc ký lỏng hiệu suất cao cho thấy đỉnh của thuốc nhuộm dựa trên bột vỏ cam Gunda Gundo (GGC) ở giá trị Rt là 2.005 với nồng độ thuốc nhuộm là 3.423 mg/mL. Các đặc điểm khác được xác định bằng phổ hồng ngoại biến đổi Fourier cho thấy sự hiện diện của phenol, alkan và amin. Thuốc nhuộm GGC produced được áp dụng lên vải cotton, sử dụng Na2CO3 làm chất cố định. Nhuộm màu và thử nghiệm được thực hiện với phân tích công cụ dữ liệu màu (L*, a*, b*) và tính chất bền màu được điều tra theo phương pháp của Hiệp hội Hóa chất Dệt may và Thuộc chiến Mỹ (AATCC-61) và tiêu chuẩn quốc tế ISO 105 X12. Tính bền màu khi giặt và cọ cho vải nhuộm 4% GGC cao hơn so với vải nhuộm 1% và 2% GGC. Mẫu cotton được nhuộm từ nồng độ 4% GGC có màu đỏ, như được thể hiện bởi không gian màu CIELAB của Ủy ban Quốc tế về Thắp sáng (CIE L*a* b*). Giá trị a* (màu đỏ) thu được từ vải cotton nhuộm cũng cao hơn so với 1% và 2% GGC. Thuốc nhuộm cho thấy độ mạnh màu tốt và điều này chứng minh cho việc tận dụng vỏ cam Gunda Gundo có sẵn tại địa phương cho việc tổng hợp thuốc nhuộm tự nhiên.
Từ khóa
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