Early intervention for heterotopic caesarean scar pregnancy to preserve intrauterine pregnancy may improve outcomes: a retrospective cohort study

Armbrust, 2015, Operative Therapy for Heterotopic Scar Pregnancy and Successful Birth of the Intrauterine Foetus - Case Report and Review of the Literature, Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd, 75, 384, 10.1055/s-0035-1545918 2017, Expert consensus of treatment on cesarean section pregnancy after cesarean section, Clinical Education of General Practice, 15, 5 Bai, 2012, Expectant management of heterotopic cesarean scar pregnancy, Chin. Med. J. (Engl.), 125, 1341 Barrenetxea, 2007, Heterotopic pregnancy: two cases and a comparative review, Fertil. Steril., 87, 417 e9-15, 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.05.085 Cali, 2018, Outcome of Cesarean scar pregnancy managed expectantly: systematic review and meta-analysis, Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol., 51, 169, 10.1002/uog.17568 Chen, 2018, Management and pregnancy outcomes of heterotopic pregnancy, Chinese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 53 Czuczwar, 2016, Successful treatment of spontaneous heterotopic caesarean scar pregnancy by local potassium chloride injection with preservation of the intrauterine pregnancy, Ginekol. Pol., 87, 727, 10.5603/GP.2016.0076 Demirel, 2009, Laparoscopic management of heterotopic cesarean scar pregnancy with preservation of intrauterine gestation and delivery at term: case report, Fertility and Sterility, 91, e5, 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.01.067 Fuchs, 2015, Laparoscopic management of extrauterine pregnancy in caesarean section scar: description of a surgical technique and review of the literature, BJOG, 122, 137, 10.1111/1471-0528.13060 Gupta, 2010, Heterotopic caesarean section scar pregnancy, Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 30, 626, 10.3109/01443615.2010.491565 Hsieh, 2004, Heterotopic Caesarean scar pregnancy combined with intrauterine pregnancy successfully treated with embryo aspiration for selective embryo reduction: case report, Hum. Reprod., 19, 285, 10.1093/humrep/deh080 Jurkovic, 2003, First-trimester diagnosis and management of pregnancies implanted into the lower uterine segment Cesarean section scar, Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology, 21, 220, 10.1002/uog.56 Kim, 2014, Successful full-term twin deliveries in heterotopic cesarean scar pregnancy in a spontaneous cycle with expectant management, J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Res., 40, 1415, 10.1111/jog.12326 Lang, 1990, Conservative treatment of ectopic pregnancy with local injection of hyperosmolar glucose solution or prostaglandin-F2 alpha: a prospective randomised study, lancet, 336, 78, 10.1016/0140-6736(90)91593-Y Li, 2016, Management of Heterotopic Pregnancy: Experience From 1 Tertiary Medical Center, Medicine (Baltimore), 95, e2570, 10.1097/MD.0000000000002570 Li, 2013, Value of transvaginal sonography in diagnosing heterotopic pregnancy after in-vitro fertilization with embryo transfer, Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol., 41, 563, 10.1002/uog.12341 Lincenberg, 2016, Uterine Rupture with Cesarean Scar Heterotopic Pregnancy with Survival of the Intrauterine Twin, Case Rep. Obstet. Gynecol., 10.1155/2016/6832094 Litwicka, 2011, Successful management of a triplet heterotopic caesarean scar pregnancy after in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer, Fertil. Steril., 95, 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.05.025 Liu, 2015, Heterotopic caesarean scar pregnancy after IVF-ET: a case report, Journal of practical obstetrics and gynecology, 639 Lyu, 2017, Diagnosis and management of heterotopic pregnancy following embryo transfer: clinical analysis of 55 cases from a single institution, Arch. Gynecol. Obstet., 296, 85, 10.1007/s00404-017-4384-y Maheux-Lacroix, 2017, Cesarean Scar Pregnancies: A Systematic Review of Treatment Options, J. Minim. Invasive Gynecol., 24, 915, 10.1016/j.jmig.2017.05.019 Miyague, 2018, Treatment of heterotopic caesarean scar pregnancy complicated with post termination increase in size of residual mass and morbidly adherent placenta, J. Clin. Ultrasound, 46, 227, 10.1002/jcu.22507 Mj, 2008, Heterotopic pregnancy in natural conception, J. Hum. Reprod. Sci., 1, 37, 10.4103/0974-1208.39595 Na, 2018, The risk factors of miscarriage and obstetrical outcomes of intrauterine normal pregnancy following heterotopic pregnancy management, Medicine (Baltimore), 97, e12233, 10.1097/MD.0000000000012233 OuYang, 2014, Heterotopic cesarean scar pregnancy: diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis, J. Ultrasound Med., 33, 1533, 10.7863/ultra.33.9.1533 Pan, 2017, The value of hysteroscopic management of cesarean scar pregnancy: a report of 44 cases, Taiwan J. Obstet. Gynecol., 56, 139, 10.1016/j.tjog.2016.06.020 Paoletti, 2011, A heterotopic pregnancy involving a caesarean section scar, Australas J. Ultrasound Med., 14, 34, 10.1002/j.2205-0140.2011.tb00122.x Sun, 2019, Ultrasonic diagnosis of caesarean scar pregnancy combined with intrauterine pregnancy:a case report, Journal of clinical ultrasound in medicine, 21, 74 Salomon, 2003, Successful management of a heterotopic Caesarean scar pregnancy: potassium chloride injection with preservation of the intrauterine gestation: case report, Hum. Reprod., 18, 189, 10.1093/humrep/deg010 Sentilhes, 2009, Successful expectant management for a cornual heterotopic pregnancy, Fertil. Steril., 91, 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.09.072 Talbot, 2011, Heterotopic pregnancy, J. Obstet. Gynaecol., 31, 7, 10.3109/01443615.2010.522749 Taskin, 2009, Heterotopic cesarean scar pregnancy: how should it be managed?, Obstet. Gynecol. Surv., 64, 690, 10.1097/OGX.0b013e3181b8b144 Tymon-Rosario, 2018, Selective Reduction of a Heterotopic Cesarean Scar Pregnancy Complicated by Septic Abortion, Case Rep. Obstet. Gynecol., 10.1155/2018/6478589 Ugurlucan, 2012, Management of cesarean heterotopic pregnancy with transvaginal ultrasound-guided potassium chloride injection and gestational sac aspiration, and review of the literature, J. Minim. Invasive Gynecol., 19, 671, 10.1016/j.jmig.2012.05.006 Uysal, 2013, Spontaneous heterotopic cesarean scar pregnancy: conservative management by transvaginal sonographic guidance and successful pregnancy outcome, J. Ultrasound Med., 32, 547, 10.7863/jum.2013.32.3.547 Vetter, 2016, Surgical Management of a Heterotopic Cesarean Scar Pregnancy With Preservation of an Intrauterine Pregnancy, Obstet. Gynecol., 128, 613, 10.1097/AOG.0000000000001514 Vikhareva, 2018, Normal vaginal delivery at term after expectant management of heterotopic caesarean scar pregnancy: a case report, J. Med. Case Rep., 12, 179, 10.1186/s13256-018-1713-0 Wang, 2010, Hysteroscopic management of heterotopic cesarean scar pregnancy, Fertil. Steril., 94, 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.02.039 Wang, 2007, Successful management of heterotopic cesarean scar pregnancy combined with intrauterine pregnancy after in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer, Fertil. Steril., 88, 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.11.192 Wang, 2014, Nonsurgical management of live tubal ectopic pregnancy by ultrasound-guided local injection and systemic methotrexate, J. Minim. Invasive Gynecol., 21, 642, 10.1016/j.jmig.2014.01.009 Wu, 2015, Factors associated with successful transabdominal sonography-guided dilation and curettage for early cesarean scar pregnancy, Int. J. Gynaecol. Obstet., 131, 281, 10.1016/j.ijgo.2015.06.029 Yazicioglu, 2004, An unusual case of heterotopic twin pregnancy managed successfully with selective feticide, Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol., 23, 626, 10.1002/uog.1050 Ying-mei, 2017, Clinical analysis on the application of selective uterine artery embolization combined with hysteroscopic operation in treatment of exogenous type cesarean section for uterine scar pregnancy, Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 16, 800 Yiwen, 2013, Heterotopic caesarean scar pregnancy: a case report, Chinses journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 48, 397 Yu, 2016, Successful selective reduction of a heterotopic cesarean scar pregnancy in the second trimester: a case report and review of the literature, BMC Pregnancy Childbirth, 16, 380, 10.1186/s12884-016-1171-x