Dynamic modeling of ecosystems with spatial heterogeneity. A structured approach implemented in Windows environment

Ecological Modelling - Tập 85 - Trang 241-252 - 1996
Qiong Gao1
1Institute of Botany, 141 Xizhimenwai Avenue, Beijing 100044, China

Tài liệu tham khảo

Baker, 1989, A review of models of landscape change, Landsc. Ecol., 2, 111, 10.1007/BF00137155 Baker, 1991, A spatial model for studying the effects of climatic change on the structure of landscapes subject to large disturbances, Ecol. Model., 56, 109, 10.1016/0304-3800(91)90195-7 Ball, 1992, Spatial dynamic emergent hierarchies simulation and assessment system, Ecol. Model., 62, 107, 10.1016/0304-3800(92)90084-R Band, 1991, Forest ecosystem processes at the watershed scale: basis for distributed simulation, Ecol. Model., 56, 171, 10.1016/0304-3800(91)90199-B Boersma, 1991, Nutrient gradients and spatial structure in tropical forests: a model study, Ecol. Model., 55, 219, 10.1016/0304-3800(91)90088-I Costanza, 1991, Spatial ecosystem modelling using parallel processors, Ecol. Model., 58, 159, 10.1016/0304-3800(91)90034-X Costanza, 1990, Modelling coastal landscape dynamics, BioScience, 40, 91, 10.2307/1311342 Gardner, 1987, Neutral models for the analysis of broad scale landscape pattern, Landsc. Ecol., 1, 19, 10.1007/BF02275262 Haefner, 1991, Edge effects in computer models of spatial competition, Ecol. Model., 56, 221, 10.1016/0304-3800(91)90201-B Li, 1993, Event probability correlation analysis for comparison of two-phase ecological maps, Ecol. Model., 69, 287, 10.1016/0304-3800(93)90031-M Li, 1993, A new contagion index to quantify spatial patterns of landscapes, Landsc. Ecol., 8, 155, 10.1007/BF00125347 Li, 1993, Developing alternative forest cutting patterns: A simulation approach, Landsc. Ecol., 8, 63, 10.1007/BF00129867 Li, 1988, A study on the relation between the vegetation and environment for southern Songnen Plain, Acta Bot. Sin., 30, 420 O'Neill, 1988, Indices of landscape pattern, Landsc. Ecol., 1, 153, 10.1007/BF00162741 Romme, 1982, Fire and landscape diversity in subalpine forests of Yellowstone National Park, Ecol. Monogr., 52, 199, 10.2307/1942611 Sklar, 1991, The development of dynamic spatial models for landscape ecology: A review and prognosis, 239 Smith, 1991, Using massively-parallel supercomputers to model stochastic spatial predator-prey systems, Ecol. Model., 58, 347, 10.1016/0304-3800(91)90045-3 Turner, 1988, A spatial simulation model of land use changes in a piedmont county in Georgia, Appl. Math. Comp., 27, 39, 10.1016/0096-3003(88)90097-5 Turner, 1989, Methods to evaluate the performance of spatial simulation models, Ecol. Model., 48, 1, 10.1016/0304-3800(89)90057-4 Turner, 1993, A landscape simulation model of winter foraging by large ungulates, Ecol. Model., 69, 163, 10.1016/0304-3800(93)90026-O Vajda, 1987, Direct and indirect least squares methods in continuous-time parameter estimation, Automatica, 23, 707, 10.1016/0005-1098(87)90027-6