Duplicated <i>P5CS</i> genes of Arabidopsis play distinct roles in stress regulation and developmental control of proline biosynthesis

Plant Journal - Tập 53 Số 1 - Trang 11-28 - 2008
Gyöngyi Székely1, Edit Ábrahám1, Ágnes Cséplő1, Gábor Rigó1, Laura Zsigmond1, Jolán Csiszár2, Ferhan Ayaydin1, N. Strizhov3, Ján Jásik4,3, Elmon Schmelzer3, Csaba Koncz1,3, László Szabados1
1Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Center, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
2Department of Plant Physiology, University of Szeged, H-6723 Szeged, Hungary, and
3Max-Planck-Institut für Züchtungsforschung, D-50829 Cologne, Germany
4Department of Plant Cell Biology, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, D-53115 Bonn, Germany.

Tóm tắt

SummaryΔ‐1‐pyrroline‐5‐carboxylate synthetase enzymes, which catalyse the rate‐limiting step of proline biosynthesis, are encoded by two closely related P5CS genes in Arabidopsis. Transcription of the P5CS genes is differentially regulated by drought, salinity and abscisic acid, suggesting that these genes play specific roles in the control of proline biosynthesis. Here we describe the genetic characterization of p5cs insertion mutants, which indicates that P5CS1 is required for proline accumulation under osmotic stress. Knockout mutations of P5CS1 result in the reduction of stress‐induced proline synthesis, hypersensitivity to salt stress, and accumulation of reactive oxygen species. By contrast, p5cs2 mutations cause embryo abortion during late stages of seed development. The desiccation sensitivity of p5cs2 embryos does not reflect differential control of transcription, as both P5CS mRNAs are detectable throughout embryonic development. Cellular localization studies with P5CS–GFP gene fusions indicate that P5CS1 is sequestered into subcellular bodies in embryonic cells, where P5CS2 is dominantly cytoplasmic. Although proline feeding rescues the viability of mutant embryos, p5cs2 seedlings undergo aberrant development and fail to produce fertile plants even when grown on proline. In seedlings, specific expression of P5CS2–GFP is seen in leaf primordia where P5CS1–GFP levels are very low, and P5CS2–GFP also shows a distinct cell‐type‐specific and subcellular localization pattern compared to P5CS1–GFP in root tips, leaves and flower organs. These data demonstrate that the Arabidopsis P5CS enzymes perform non‐redundant functions, and that P5CS1 is insufficient for compensation of developmental defects caused by inactivation of P5CS2.

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Plant Journal

Tập 53 Số 1

11-28

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