Dose–response relationship between alcohol consumption before and during pregnancy and the risks of low birthweight, preterm birth and small for gestational age (SGA)—a systematic review and meta‐analyses

BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology - Tập 118 Số 12 - Trang 1411-1421 - 2011
Jayadeep Patra1,2, Rachel Bakker3,4, Hyacinth Irving1, Vincent W. V. Jaddoe3,4, Suttur S Malini5, Jürgen Rehm1,2,6,7
1Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
2Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
3Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
4The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
5Department of Community Medicine, MKCG Medical College, Orissa, India
6Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
7Technische Universität Dresden, Klinische Psychologie and Psychotherapie, Dresden, Germany

Tóm tắt

Please cite this paper as: Patra J, Bakker R, Irving H, Jaddoe V, Malini S, Rehm J. Dose–response relationship between alcohol consumption before and during pregnancy and the risks of low birthweight, preterm birth and small for gestational age (SGA)—a systematic review and meta‐analyses. BJOG2011;118:1411–1421.Background  Descriptions of the effects of moderate alcohol consumption during pregnancy on adverse pregnancy outcomes have been inconsistent.Objective  To review systematically and perform meta‐analyses on the effect of maternal alcohol exposure on the risk of low birthweight, preterm birth and small for gestational age (SGA).Search strategy  Using Medical Subject Headings, a literature search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, CABS, WHOlist, SIGLE, ETOH, and Web of Science between 1 January 1980 and 1 August 2009 was performed followed by manual searches.Selection criteria  Case–control or cohort studies were assessed for quality (STROBE), 36 available studies were included.Data collection and analysis  Two reviewers independently extracted the information on low birthweight, preterm birth and SGA using a standardised protocol. Meta‐analyses on dose–response relationships were performed using linear as well as first‐order and second‐order fractional polynomial regressions to estimate best fitting curves to the data.Main results  Compared with abstainers, the overall dose–response relationships for low birthweight and SGA showed no effect up to 10 g pure alcohol/day (an average of about 1 drink/day) and preterm birth showed no effect up to 18 g pure alcohol/day (an average of 1.5 drinks/day); thereafter, the relationship showed a monotonically increasing risk for increasing maternal alcohol consumption. Moderate consumption during pre‐pregnancy was associated with reduced risks for all outcomes.Conclusions  Dose–response relationship indicates that heavy alcohol consumption during pregnancy increases the risks of all three outcomes whereas light to moderate alcohol consumption shows no effect. Preventive measures during antenatal consultations should be initiated.

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BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology

Tập 118 Số 12

1411-1421

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