Does being “left–behind” in childhood lead to criminality in adulthood? Evidence from data on rural-urban migrants and prison inmates in China
Tài liệu tham khảo
All-Women Federation in China, 2013, Research report on the rural left-behind children and the rural-to-urban migrating children (in Chinese), China Womens Movement (zhongguofuyun), 6, 3034
Almond, 2018, Childhood circumstances and adult outcomes: act ii, J Econ Lit, 56, 1360, 10.1257/jel.20171164
Amato, 1991, Parental divorce and adult well-being: ameta-analysis, J Marriage Fam, 43, 10.2307/353132
Blair, 1996, Smoking and the sudden infant death syndrome: results from 1993to 5 case-control study for confidential inquiry into stillbirths and deaths in infancy, BMJ, 313, 195, 10.1136/bmj.313.7051.195
2002, Handbook of Parenting
Bourdieu, P., 1977. Cultural reproduction and social reproduction.
Brady, 1986, Behavior problems of clinic children: relation to parental marital status, age and sex of child, American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 56, 399, 10.1111/j.1939-0025.1986.tb03472.x
Cameron, 2009, Propensities to engage in and punish corrupt behavior: experimental evidence from australia, india, indonesia and singapore, J Public Econ, 93, 843, 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2009.03.004
Cameron, 2019, China’S sex ratio and crime: behavioural change or financial necessity?, The Economic Journal, 129, 790, 10.1111/ecoj.12561
Chen, 2018, School performance of chinese iternal migrants’ children, Discussion Paper, Center for Research in Economic Analysis, University of Luxembourg
Coleman, 1988, Social capital in the creation of human capital, Am J Sociol, 94, S94, 10.1086/228943
Demuth, 2004, Family structure, family processes, and adolescent delinquency: the significance of parental absence versus parental gender, Journal of research in crime and delinquency, 41, 58, 10.1177/0022427803256236
Dobrin, 2001, The risk of offending on homicide victimization: acase control study, Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 38, 154, 10.1177/0022427801038002003
Dustmann, 2021, Risk attitudes and household migration decisions, Journal of Human Resources
Economist, 2015, Chinas left-behind generation: pity the children, The Economist
Edlund, 2013, Sex ratios and crime: evidence from china, Review of Economics and Statistics, 95, 1520, 10.1162/REST_a_00356
Fellmeth, 2018, Health impacts of parental migration on left-behind children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis, The Lancet, 392, 2567, 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32558-3
Finlay, 2010, Is marriage always good for children? evidence from families affected by incarceration, Journal of Human Resources, 45, 1046, 10.1353/jhr.2010.0026
Foreman-Peck, 2010, Gratuitous violence and the rational offender model, Int Rev Law Econ, 30, 160, 10.1016/j.irle.2010.03.003
Friesen, 2012, Certainty of punishment versus severity of punishment: an experimental investigation, South Econ J, 79, 399, 10.4284/0038-4038-2011.152
Friesen, 2013, Designing self-reporting regimes to encourage truth telling: an experimental study, Journal of Economic Behavior and Organisation, 94, 90, 10.1016/j.jebo.2013.08.007
Ganatra, 1998, Too far, too little, too late: a community-based case-control study of maternal mortality in rural west Maharashtra, India, Bull. World Health Organ., 76, 591
Geismar, 1986
Grogger, 1995, The intergenerational effects of fatherlessness on educational attainment and entry-level wages, National Longitudinal Surveys Discussion Paper
Gruber, 2004, Is making divorce easier bad for children? the long-run implications of unilateral divorce, J Labor Econ, 22, 799, 10.1086/423155
Hanson, 2003, Emigration and educational attainment in Mexico
Heckman, 2015, Econometric mediation analyses: identifying the sources of treatment effects from experimentally estimated production technologies with unmeasured and mismeasured inputs, Econom Rev, 34, 6, 10.1080/07474938.2014.944466
Heckman, 2013, Understanding the mechanisms through which an influential early childhood program boosted adult outcomes, American Economic Review, 103, 2052, 10.1257/aer.103.6.2052
Hirschi, 1969
Hong, 2019, Alone and left-behind: a case study of left-behind children in rural china, Cogent Education, 6, 1, 10.1080/2331186X.2019.1654236
Jacobs, 2021, Patience and crime, Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 58, 383, 10.1177/0022427820974427
King, 2001, Logistic regression in rare events data, Political Analysis, 9, 13763, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.pan.a004868
Lang, 2001, Does growing up with a parent absent really hurt?, Journal of Human Resources, 253, 10.2307/3069659
Lersch, 2021, Parental separation during childhood and adult children’s wealth, Social Forces, 99, 1176
Lewis, 1954, Economic development with unlimited supplies of labour, The Manchester School, 22, 253, 10.1111/j.1467-9957.1954.tb00021.x
Lochner, 2004, The effect of education on crime: evidence from prison inmates, arrests, and self-reports, American Economic Review, 94, 155, 10.1257/000282804322970751
Maccoby, E. E., Martin, J., 1983. Specialization in the context of the family: Parent-child interaction.
Machin, 2011, The crime reducing effect of education, Economic Journal, 121, 463, 10.1111/j.1468-0297.2011.02430.x
Manski, 1992, Alternative estimates of the effect of family structure during adolescence on high school graduation, J Am Stat Assoc, 87, 25, 10.1080/01621459.1992.10475171
Mazar, 2008, The dishonesty of honest people: a theory of self-concept maintenance, Journal of Marketing Research, 45, 633, 10.1509/jmkr.45.6.633
McLanahan, 2008, Family structure and the reproduction of inequalities, Annu Rev Sociol, 10.1146/annurev.soc.34.040507.134549
McLanahan, 1994, Vol. 34
Meng, 2017, Children of migrants: the impact of parental migration on their childrens education and health outcomes, Demography, 54, 1677, 10.1007/s13524-017-0613-z
Murnighan, 1988, Risk-aversion in bargaining: an experimental study, J Risk Uncertain, 1, 101, 10.1007/BF00055566
NBS, 2020
Nye, 1958
Sandefur, 1997, Using siblings to investigate the effects of family structure on educational attainment, Institute for Research on Poverty Working Papers
Shi, 2016, Effects of parental migration on mental health of left-behind children: evidence from northwestern china, China & World Economy, 24, 105, 10.1111/cwe.12161
van Hoorn, 2018, Differential effects of parent and peer presence on neural correlatses of risk taking in adolescence, Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci, 945, 10.1093/scan/nsy071
Van Voorhis, 1988, The impact of family structure and quality on delinquency: acomparative assessment of structural and functional factors, Criminology, 26, 235, 10.1111/j.1745-9125.1988.tb00840.x
Wang, 2019, Timing and duration of parental migration and the educational attainment of left-behind children: evidence from rural china, Review of Development Economics, 23, 727, 10.1111/rode.12572
Wood, 1993, Risk-taking and self-control: social psychological correlates of delinquency, Journal of Crime and Justice, 16, 111, 10.1080/0735648X.1993.9721481
Wooldridge, 2015, Control function methods in applied econometrics, Journal of Human Resources, 50, 420, 10.3368/jhr.50.2.420
World Bank, 2009
Wright, 1993
Xie, 2010, The logit model, the probit model, and response-based samples, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Center for Demography and Ecology, 88-4
Yang, 2008, International migration, remittances and household investment: evidence from philippine migrants exchange rate shocks, The Economic Journal, 118, 591, 10.1111/j.1468-0297.2008.02134.x
Zhang, 2014, Does parental absence reduce cognitive achievements? evidence from rural china, J Dev Econ, 111, 181, 10.1016/j.jdeveco.2014.09.004
Zhang, 2011, Can we attribute increasing criminal rate to enlarging urban-rural inequality in china? (in chinese), Economic Research Journal (jingjiyanjiu, 2, 5972
Zhang, 2011, Ruralurban income difference, unemployment of migrants, and increase in chinas crime rate (in chinese), Economic Research Journal (jingjiyanjiu, 46, 5772
Zhao, 2017, Long-term impacts of parental migration on chinese children’s psychosocial well-being: mitigating and exacerbating factors, Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol, 52, 669, 10.1007/s00127-017-1386-9
Zinn, 2016