Do specific ultrasonography features identified at the time of early pregnancy loss predict fetal chromosomal abnormality? – A systematic review and meta-analysis

Li, 2002, Recurrent miscarriage: aetiology, management and prognosis, Hum Reprod Update, 8, 463, 10.1093/humupd/8.5.463 Saravelos, 2016, A prospective randomized controlled trial of 3D versus 2D ultrasound-guided embryo transfer in women undergoing ART treatment, Hum Reprod, 31, 2255, 10.1093/humrep/dew206 Li, 2014, Clinical outcomes following cryopreservation of blastocysts by vitrification or slow freezing: a population-based cohort study, Hum Reprod, 29, 2794, 10.1093/humrep/deu246 Ouyang, 2016, Correlation between chromosomal distribution and embryonic findings on ultrasound in early pregnancy loss after IVF-embryo transfer, Hum Reprod, 31, 2212, 10.1093/humrep/dew201 Pereza, 2016, Systematic review and meta-analysis of genetic association studies in idiopathic recurrent spontaneous abortion, Fertil Steril, 107, 150, 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.10.007 Romero, 2015, Differentiation of genetic abnormalities in early pregnancy loss, Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol, 45, 89, 10.1002/uog.14713 Li, 2016, Correlation analysis between ultrasound findings and abnormal karyotypes in the embryos from early pregnancy loss after in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer, J Assist Reprod Genet, 34, 43, 10.1007/s10815-016-0821-2 Jauniaux, 2005, The role of ultrasound imaging in diagnosing and investigating early pregnancy failure, Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol, 25, 613, 10.1002/uog.1892 Fossum, 1988, Early detection of pregnancy with transvaginal ultrasound, Fertil Steril, 49, 788, 10.1016/S0015-0282(16)59884-7 Angiolucci, 2011, Association between different morphological types and abnormal karyotypes in early pregnancy loss, Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol, 37, 219, 10.1002/uog.7681 Liberati, 2009, The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration, PLoS Med, 6, e1000100, 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000100 Brajenović-Milić, 1998, Chromosomal anomalies in abnormal human pregnancies, Fetal Diagn Ther, 13, 187, 10.1159/000020836 Cheng, 2014, Chromosome distribution of early miscarriages with present or absent embryos: female predominance, J Assist Reprod Genet, 31, 1059, 10.1007/s10815-014-0261-9 Coulam, 1997, Comparison of ultrasonographic findings in spontaneous abortions with normal and abnormal karyotypes, Hum Reprod, 12, 823, 10.1093/humrep/12.4.823 Dickey, 1994, Relationship of initial chorionic sac diameter to abortion and abortus karyotype based on new growth curves for the 16th to 49th post-ovulation day, Hum Reprod, 9, 559, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a138544 Ginsberg, 2001, Crown-rump lengths in missed miscarriages and trisomy 21, Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol, 18, 488, 10.1046/j.0960-7692.2001.00571.x Goldstein, 1996, Correlation between karyotype and ultrasound findings in patients with failed early pregnancy, Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol, 8, 314, 10.1046/j.1469-0705.1996.08050314.x Lathi, 2007, Cytogenetic testing of anembryonic pregnancies compared to embryonic missed abortions, J Assist Reprod Genet, 24, 521, 10.1007/s10815-007-9166-1 Liu, 2015, Relationship of karyotype to embryo crown-rump length and maternal serum human chorionic gonadotropin level in early miscarriage, Am J Perinatol, 32, 15 Ljunger, 2011, Ultrasonographic findings in spontaneous miscarriage: relation to euploidy and aneuploidy, Fertil Steril, 95, 221, 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.06.018 Munoz, 2010, Chromosomal anomaly spectrum in early pregnancy loss in relation to presence or absence of an embryonic pole, Fertil Steril, 94, 2564, 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.04.011 Hassold, 2001, To err (meiotically) is human: the genesis of human aneuploidy, Nat Rev Genet, 2, 280, 10.1038/35066065 Kort, 2016, Human embryos commonly form abnormal nuclei during development: a mechanism of DNA damage, embryonic aneuploidy, and developmental arrest, Hum Reprod, 31, 312 Grisolia, 1993, Biometry of early pregnancy with transvaginal sonography, Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol, 3, 403, 10.1046/j.1469-0705.1993.03060403.x Verburg, 2008, New charts for ultrasound dating of pregnancy and assessment of fetal growth: longitudinal data from a population-based cohort study, Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol, 31, 388, 10.1002/uog.5225 Coulam, 1996, Early (34-56 days from last menstrual period) ultrasonographic measurements in normal pregnancies, Hum Reprod, 11, 1771, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a019483 Guirgis, 1993, Transvaginal crown-rump length measurements of 224 successful pregnancies which resulted from gamete intra-Fallopian transfer or in-vitro fertilization, Hum Reprod, 8, 1933, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a137963 Papaioannou, 2010, Normal ranges of embryonic length, embryonic heart rate, gestational sac diameter and yolk sac diameter at 6-10 weeks, Fetal Diagn Ther, 28, 207, 10.1159/000319589 Dickey, 1994, The relationship of initial embryo crown--rump length to pregnancy outcome and abortus karyotype based on new growth curves for the 2-31 mm embryo, Hum Reprod, 9, 366, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a138510 Dickey, 1992, Relationship of small gestational sac-crown-rump length differences to abortion and abortus karyotypes, Obstet Gynecol, 79, 554 Berdahl, 2010, Detection of enlarged yolk sac on early ultrasound is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, Fertil Steril, 94, 1535, 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.12.064 Yoneda, 2017, A yolk sac larger than 5 mm suggests an abnormal fetal karyotype, whereas an absent embryo indicates a normal fetal karyotype, J Ultrasound Med, 37, 1233, 10.1002/jum.14467 Kong, 2016, Prenatal detection of 10q22q23 duplications: dilemmas in phenotype prediction, Prenat Diagn, 36, 1211, 10.1002/pd.4959 Rodriguez-Purata, 2015, Fertil Steril, 104, 1460, 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.08.007 Patel, 2009, Mosaic trisomy 1q: the longest surviving case, Am J Med Genet A, 149A, 1795, 10.1002/ajmg.a.32959 McPadden, 2015, Mosaic trisomy 15 in a liveborn infant, Am J Med Genet A, 167A, 821, 10.1002/ajmg.a.36958 Sparks, 2017, Mosaic trisomy 16: what are the obstetric and long-term childhood outcomes?, Genet Med, 79, 1164, 10.1038/gim.2017.23 Heinrich, 2013, Live-born trisomy 22: patient report and review, Mol Syndromol, 3, 262, 10.1159/000346189 Lee, 2006, Quantitative and morphological assessment of early gestational sacs using three-dimensional ultrasonography, Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol, 28, 255, 10.1002/uog.2840