Liệu sự phát thải carbon có ảnh hưởng đến sự tăng trưởng dân số, việc sử dụng năng lượng và tiến bộ kinh tế của Nepal? Bằng chứng từ các phân tích dài hạn và ngắn hạn

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 28 Số 39 - Trang 55465-55475 - 2021
Regmi, Kalpana1, Rehman, Abdul2
1College of Economics and Management, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
2College of Economics and Management, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China

Tóm tắt

Khí nhà kính là những vấn đề chính trên toàn cầu dẫn đến biến đổi khí hậu và gia tăng ô nhiễm bầu khí quyển. Sự phát thải CO2 có ảnh hưởng khác nhau đến môi trường, đồng thời cũng ảnh hưởng đến hiệu suất kinh tế của bất kỳ quốc gia nào. Động lực chính của phân tích này là để làm sáng tỏ ảnh hưởng của sự phát thải CO2 đến tăng trưởng dân số, tiêu thụ năng lượng từ nhiên liệu hóa thạch, tiến bộ kinh tế và việc sử dụng năng lượng ở Nepal bằng cách sử dụng dữ liệu chuỗi thời gian từ năm 1971 đến 2019, và tính ổn định của dữ liệu được kiểm tra với sự trợ giúp của các bài kiểm tra gốc đơn vị. Phương pháp ARDL (autoregressive distributed lag) với bài kiểm tra đồng khai thác đã được dùng để đánh giá động lực biến số với bằng chứng ngắn hạn và dài hạn. Hơn nữa, tính nguyên nhân của biến được kiểm tra thông qua bài kiểm tra nguyên nhân Granger. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy trong phân tích dài hạn, tiêu thụ năng lượng từ nhiên liệu hóa thạch và việc sử dụng năng lượng có mối liên hệ tích cực với sự phát thải carbon dioxide, thể hiện giá trị p (0.0000) và (0.1065) tương ứng, trong khi tăng trưởng dân số và tiến bộ kinh tế thể hiện mối quan hệ tiêu cực với sự phát thải CO2. Tương tự, kết quả từ phân tích ngắn hạn cũng cho thấy tiêu thụ năng lượng từ nhiên liệu hóa thạch và việc sử dụng năng lượng có mối liên hệ tích cực với sự phát thải CO2, thể hiện giá trị p (0.0000) và (0.1317), trong khi tăng trưởng dân số và tiến bộ kinh tế phản ánh ảnh hưởng tiêu cực đến sự phát thải CO2. Kết quả bài kiểm tra nguyên nhân cũng xác nhận mối liên hệ đơn chiều giữa các biến. Trong nỗ lực tham gia vào cuộc chiến toàn cầu nhằm làm sạch bầu khí quyển, chính phủ và các quan chức Nepal cần đưa ra các biện pháp mới để giảm sự phát thải CO2.

Từ khóa

#carbon emissions #population growth #energy utilization #economic progress #Nepal #ARDL method #Granger causality test

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