Diversity and evolution of the highly polymorphic tandem repeat LEI0258 in the chicken MHC-B region

Immunogenetics - Tập 65 - Trang 447-459 - 2013
Olympe Chazara1,2, Chi-Sheng Chang3, Nicolas Bruneau1, Khalid Benabdeljelil4, Jean-Claude Fotsa5, Boniface B. Kayang6, N’Goran E. Loukou7, Richard Osei-Amponsah6, Valentine Yapi-Gnaore7, Issaka A. K. Youssao8, Chih-Feng Chen9, Marie-Hélène Pinard-van der Laan1, Michèle Tixier-Boichard1, Bertrand Bed’Hom1
1Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative, INRA, AgroParisTech, UMR 1313, Jouy-en-Josas, France
2Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge and Centre for Trophoblast Research, Cambridge, UK
3Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
4Institut Agronomique et Vétérinaire Hassan II, DPBA, Rabat Institute, Rabat, Morocco
5Institut de Recherche Agricole pour le Développement, Bamenda, Cameroon
6Department of Animal Science, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
7Centre Nationale de Recherche Agronomique, Université de Cocody, Abidjan, Ivory Coast
8Ecole Polytechnique d’Abomey-Calavi, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin
9Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan

Tóm tắt

The chicken major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is located on the microchromosome 16 and is described as the most variable region in the genome. The genes of the MHC play a central role in the immune system. Particularly, genes encoding proteins involved in the antigen presentation to T cells. Therefore, describing the genetic polymorphism of this region is crucial in understanding host–pathogen interactions. The tandem repeat LEI0258 is located within the core area of the B region of the chicken MHC (MHC-B region) and its genotypes correlate with serology. This marker was used to provide a picture of the worldwide diversity of the chicken MHC-B region and to categorize chicken MHC haplotypes. More than 1,600 animals from 80 different populations or lines of chickens from Africa, Asia, and Europe, including wild fowl species, were genotyped at the LEI0258 locus. Fifty novel alleles were described after sequencing. The resulting 79 alleles were classified into 12 clusters, based on the SNPs and indels found within the sequences flanking the repeats. Furthermore, hypotheses were formulated on the evolutionary dynamics of the region. This study constitutes the largest variability report for the chicken MHC and establishes a framework for future diversity or association studies.

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