Distribution, contents and health risk assessment of metals (loids) in soil and plants growing in the vicinity of an aluminum smelter

P. Alamdari1, A. Golchin1, H. Saberi1
1Room 30, Department of Soil Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Islamic Republic of Iran

Tóm tắt

Contamination of soils and plants to metals around the Iranian Aluminum Company (IRALCO) was studied. Ninety-three soil samples and forty-five plant samples were collected and analyzed for different metals. Spatial distribution and health risk of the metals were investigated using geoaccumulation index (Igeo), the enrichment factor (EF), contamination factor (CF), hazard quotient, hazard index (HI) and carcinogenic risk. Principal component and correlation analyses were used to recognize the origin of contamination. The results of the study indicated that the mean concentrations of total Al (37,930.4), Fe (21,222.9), Mn (558.4), Pb (60.3), As (32.2), Cr (49.2), Zn (109.2), Ni (83.9), and Cd (7.6) mg/kg, in the studied soil samples exceeded the background concentrations of the metals (12,798, 7863.7, 278.7, 26.3, 5.4, 17.7, 32.3, 45.6, 0.8 mg/kg, respectively). The concentrations (mg/kg) of Al (264.66), Fe (203.77), Mn (155.94), Pb (2.09), As (1.68), Cr (3.26), Zn (49.10), Ni (9.99) and Cd (2.62) in the plant samples were higher than the control plants. The principal component analyses revealed that anthropogenic activities were the main source of soil pollution to metals such Al, Mn, Cr, Zn and Ni. The results of Igeo, EF and CF indicated that Al, As and Cd were the most critical contaminants (Igeo > 2, EF > 6, EF > 2). The HI values for Ni (3.93) and Cd (3.31) were higher than the safe value (HI = 1), indicating that the IRALCO may increase the risk of non-carcinogenic diseases in humans. Cancer risk due to the arsenic and cadmium was higher than the acceptable range (Risks exceeding1 × 10–4).

Tài liệu tham khảo

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