Le Bihan D, Breton E, Lallemand D, Grenier P, Cabanis E, Laval-Jeantet M (1986) MR imaging of intravoxel incoherent motions: application to diffusion and perfusion in neurologic disorders. Radiology 161:401–407
Lee LJ, Kidwell CS, Alger J, Starkman S, Saver JL (2000) Impact on stroke subtype diagnosis of early diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance angiography. Stroke 31:1081–1089
Chien D, Kwong KK, Gress DR, Buonanno FS, Buxton RB, Rosen BR (1992) MR diffusion imaging of cerebral infarction in humans. Am J Neuroradiol 13:1097–1102
Kim YJ, Chang KH, Song IC (1998) Brain abscess and necrotic or cystic brain tumor: discrimination with signal intensity on diffusion-weighted MR imaging. Am J Roentgenol 171:1487–1490
Tievsky AL, Ptak T, Farkas J (1999) Investigation of apparent diffusion coefficient and diffusion tensor anisotropy in acute and chronic multiple sclerosis lesions. Am J Neuroradiol 20:1491–1499
Tsuruda JS, Chew WM, Moseley ME, Norman D (1990) Diffusion-weighted MR imaging of the brain: value of differentiating between extraaxial cysts and epidermoid tumors. Am J Neuroradiol 11:925–931
Namimoto T, Yamashita Y, Sumi S, Tang Y, Takahashi M (1997) Focal liver masses: characterization with diffusion-weighted echo-planar MR imaging. Radiology 204:739–744
Moteki T, Ishizaka H (1999) Evaluation of cystic ovarian lesions using apparent diffusion coefficient calculated from reordered turboFLASH MR images. Magn Reson Imaging 17:955–963
Ahvenjärvi L, Jauhiainen J, Oikarinen J, Tervonen O (2000) Exercise induced signal intensity and ADC changes in skeletal muscle. In: Book of abstracts. Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, Colorado, p 756
Blanco R, Ahvenjärvi L, Jauhiainen J, Oikarinen J, Siniluoto T, Tervonen O (1999) Diffusion imaging in vivo in skeletal muscle tissue and correlation to the arteriosclerosis of the lower extremities. Proc Int Soc Magn Reson Med, p 1784
Knauss R, Schiller J, Fleischer J, Kärger J, Arnold K (1999) Self-diffusion of water in cartilage and cartilage components as studied by pulsed field gradient NMR. Magn Reson Med 41:285–292
Baur A, Huber A, Arbogast S, Dürr HR, Zysk SP, Wendtner C, Deimling M, Reiser M (2001) Diffusion-weighted imaging of tumor recurrencies and posttherapeutic soft-tissue changes in humans. Eur Radiol 11:828–833
Lang P, Wendland MF, Saeed M, Gindele A, Rosenau W, Mathur A, Gooding CA, Genant HK (1998) Osteogenic sarcoma: noninvasive in vivo assessment of tumor necrosis with diffusion-weighted MR imaging. Radiology 206:227–235
Eustace S, Masi M di, Adams J, Ward R, Caruthers S, McAlindon T (2000) In vitro and in vivo spin echo diffusion imaging characteristics of synovial fluid: potential non-invasive differentiation of inflammatory and degenerative arthritis. Skeletal Radiol 29:320–323
Baur A, Stäbler A, Brüning R, Bartl R, Krödel A, Deimling M, Reiser M (1998) Diffusion-weighted MR imaging of bone marrow: differentiation of benign versus pathologic vertebral compression fractures. Radiology 207:349–356
Baur A, Huber A, Ertl-Wagner B, Dürr HR, Zysk S, Arbogast S, Deimling M, Reiser M (2001) Diagnostic value of increased diffusion-weighting of a steady-state free precession sequence for the differentiation of acute benign osteoporotic versus pathologic vertebral compression fractures. Am J Neuroradiol 22:366–372
Baur A, Huber A, Dürr HR, Nikolaou K, Stäbler A, Deimling M, Reiser M (2002) Differentiation of benign osteoporotic and neoplastic vertebral compression fractures with a diffusion-weighted, steady-state free precession sequence. Fortschr Röntgenstr 174:70–75
Zhou XJ, Leeds NE, McKinnon GC, Kumar AJ (2002) Characterization of benign and metastatic vertebral compression fractures with quantitative diffusion MR imaging. Am J Neuroradiol 23:165–170
Chan JH, Peh WC, Tsui EY, Chau LF, Cheung KK, Chan KB, Yuen MK, Wong ET, Wong KP (2002) Acute vertbral body compression fractures: discrimination between benign and malignant causes using apparent diffusion coefficients. Br J Radiol 75:207–214
Herneth AM, Philipp MO, Naude J, Funovics M, Beichel RR, Bammer R, Imhof H (2002) Verterbral metastases: assessment with apparent diffusion coefficient. Radiology 225:889–894
Spüntrup E, Buecker A, Adam G, van Vaals J, Günther RW (2001) Diffusion-weighted MR imaging for differentiation of benign fracture edema and tumor infiltration of the vertebral body. Am J Roentgenol 176:351–358
Stejskal EO, Tanner JE (1965) Spin diffusion measurements: spin echoes in the presence of a time-dependent field gradient. J Chem Phys 42:288–292
Pierpaoli C, Jezzard P, Basser PJ, Barnett A, Chiro G di (1996) Diffusion tensor MR imaging of the human brain. Radiology 201:637–648
Merboldt KD, Hänicke W, Frahm J (1991) Diffusion imaging using stimulated echoes. Magn Reson Med 19:233–239
Ordidge RJ, Helpern JA, Qing ZX, Knight RA, Nagesh V (1994) Correction of motional artifacts in diffusion-weighted MR images using navigator echoes. Magn Reson Imaging 12:455–460
Anderson AW, Gore JC (1994) Analysis and correction of motion artifacts in diffusion weighted imaging. Magn Reson Med 32:379–387
Gmitro AF, Alexander AL (1993) Use of a projection reconstruction method to decrease motion sensitivity in diffusion-weighted MRI. Magn Reson Med 29:835–838
Dietrich O, Herlihy A, Dannels WR, Fiebach J, Heiland S, Hajnal JV, Sartor K (2001) Diffusion-weighted imaging of the spine using radial k-space trajectories. MAGMA 12:23–31
Chun T, Ulug AM, van Zijl PC (1998) Single-shot diffusion-weighted trace imaging on a clinical scanner. Magn Reson Med 40:622–628
Norris DG, Börnert P, Reese T, Leibfritz D (1992) On the application of ultra-fast RARE experiments. Magn Reson Med 27:142–164
Le Bihan D (1988) Intravoxel incoherent motion imaging using steady-state free precession. Magn Reson Med 7:346–351
Merboldt K, Hänicke W, Gyngell ML, Frahm J, Bruhn H (1989) Rapid NMR imaging of molecular self-diffusion using a modified CE-FAST sequence. J Magn Reson 82:115–121
Buxton RB (1993) The diffusion sensitivity of fast steady-state free precession imaging. Magn Reson Med 29:235–243
Vande Berg BC, Malghem J, Lecouvet FE, Maldague B (1998) Magnetic resonance imaging of normal bone marrow. Eur Radiol 8:1327–1334
Vanel D, Dromain C, Tardivon A (2000) MRI of bone marrow disorders. Eur Radiol 10:224–229
Feydy A, Drape JL, Argaud C (2001) Diffusion-weighted MRI and ADC measurement of tumoral bone marrow. In: Proc Intl Soc Mag Reson Med 9:2117
Ward R, Caruthers S, Yablon C, Blake M, Masi M di, Eustace S (2000) Analysis of diffusion changes in posttraumatic bone marrow using navigator-corrected diffusion gradients. Am J Roentgenol 174:731–734
Baur A, Staebler A, Arbogast S, Duerr HR, Bartl R, Reiser M (2002) Acute osteoporotic and neoplastic vertebral compression fractures: fluid sign at MR imaging. Radiology 225:730–735
Yuh WTC, Zachar CK, Barloon TJ, Sato Y, Sickels WJ, Hawes DR (1989) Vertebral compression fractures: distinction between benign and malignant causes with MR imaging. Radiology 172:215–218
Baker LL, Goodman SB, Perkash I, Lane B, Enzmann DR (1990) Benign versus pathologic compression fractures of vertebral bodies: assessment with conventional spin-echo, chemical shift, and STIR MR imaging. Radiology 174:495–502
Matoba M, Tonami H, Yokota H, Kuginuki Y, Yamamoto (1999) Role of diffusion-weighted MRI and P31-MRS in differentiating between malignant and benign vertebral compression fractures. Proc Int Soc Mag Reson Med:1038
Tasaly N, Ünlü E, Cokal N, Tatoolu H, Karakap HM, Cakyr B (2000) Can we differentiate benign versus malignant vertebral fractures with Diffusion-weighted MR imaging? Radiology (Suppl) 217:68
Nakagawa K, Sakuma H, Ichikawa Y, Kitagwa K, Kawada N, Kadoya I, Hirnao T, Matsumura K, Takeda K, Matsusaka JP, Tsu JP (2000) Vertebral compression fractures: differentiation between benign and malignant lesions with diffusion-weighted single-shot echo planar MR imaging. Book of abstracts. Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, Colorado, p 2144
Castillo M, Arbelaez A, Smith K, Fisher LL (2000) Diffusion-weighted MR imaging offers no advantage over routine noncontrast MR imaging in the detection of vertebral metastases. Am J Neuroradiol 21:948–953
Buyn WM, Shin SO, Chang Y, Lee SJ, Finsterbusch J, Frahm J (2002) Diffusion-weighted MR imaging of metastatic disease of the spine: assessment of response to therapy. Am J Neuroradiol 23:906–912
Buyn WM (2001) Diffusion-weighted MR imaging of vertebral bone marrow. Differentiation of degenerative spines and spondylitis involving bone marrow adjacent to end plates. Proc Int Soc Magn Reson Med 9:1626
Stäbler A, Baur A, Krüger A, Weiss M, Helmberger T, Reiser M (1998) Differential diagnosis of erosive osteochondrosis and bacterial spondylitis in MRI. Fortschr Röntgenstr 168:421–428
Nonomura Y, Yasumoto M, Yoshimura R, Haraguchi K, Ito S, Akashi T, Ohashi I (2001) Relationship between bone marrow cellularity and apparent diffusion coefficient. J Magn Reson Imaging 13:757–760
Yasumoto M, Nonomura Y, Yoshimura R, Haraguchi K, Ito S, Ohashi I, Shibuya H (2002) MR detection of iliac bone marrow involvement by malignant lymphoma with various MR sequences including diffusion-weighted echo-planar imaging. Skeletal Radiol 31:263–269
Ballon D, Dyke J, Schwartz LH, Lis E, Schneider E, Lauto A, Jakubowski AA (2001) Bone marrow segmentation in leukemia using diffusion and T2-weighted echo planar magnetic resonance imaging. NMR Biomed 13:321–328
Le Bihan DJ (1998) Differentiation of benign versus pathologic compression fractures with diffusion-weighted MR imaging: a closer step toward the "holy grail of tissue characterization"? (editorial) Radiology 207:305–307