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Chất béo trong chế độ ăn uống, axit béo bão hòa và axit béo không bão hòa đơn và nguy cơ gãy xương: một tổng quan hệ thống và phân tích tổng hợp các nghiên cứu quan sát
Tóm tắt
Lượng chất béo trong chế độ ăn uống có thể ảnh hưởng đến nguy cơ gãy xương; tuy nhiên, những phát hiện không đồng nhất đã được báo cáo cho đến nay. Hơn nữa, loại axit béo cũng rất quan trọng. Chúng tôi đã tiến hành một tổng quan toàn diện về tài liệu nghiên cứu về mối liên hệ giữa lượng chất béo trong chế độ ăn uống, axit béo bão hòa (SFA), axit béo không bão hòa đơn (MUFA) và nguy cơ gãy xương. PubMed và Scopus đã được sử dụng để tiến hành tìm kiếm toàn diện các bài báo được xuất bản tính đến ngày 7 tháng 1 năm 2018. Để tập hợp kích thước hiệu quả, các mô hình ngẫu nhiên (phương pháp DerSimonian-Laird) đã được áp dụng. Bài kiểm tra Cochrane Q đã được sử dụng để truy tìm nguồn gốc của tính không đồng nhất giữa các nghiên cứu. Sáu nghiên cứu đã đáp ứng tiêu chí đưa vào phân tích tổng hợp. Chúng tôi không tìm thấy mối liên hệ có ý nghĩa thống kê giữa lượng chất béo trong chế độ ăn uống và nguy cơ gãy xương (kích thước hiệu quả tổng hợp 1.31, khoảng tin cậy 95% (95% CI) 0.95–1.79, P = 0.09). Một mối liên hệ tích cực có ý nghĩa đã được quan sát giữa lượng SFA và nguy cơ gãy xương hông (kích thước hiệu quả tổng hợp 1.79, 95% CI 1.05–3.03, P = 0.03). Cũng có một mối liên hệ tích cực có ý nghĩa giữa MUFA từ nguồn động vật và nguy cơ gãy xương (kích thước hiệu quả tổng hợp 2.29, 95% CI 1.50–3.50, P < 0.0001). Kết quả của chúng tôi cho thấy mối liên hệ tích cực mạnh giữa lượng SFA và nguy cơ gãy xương hông. Hơn nữa, có một mối liên hệ tích cực có ý nghĩa giữa MUFA từ nguồn động vật và nguy cơ gãy xương.
Từ khóa
#chất béo chế độ ăn uống #axit béo bão hòa #axit béo không bão hòa đơn #nguy cơ gãy xươngTài liệu tham khảo
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