Dietary fat modifies mitochondrial and plasma membrane apoptotic signaling in skeletal muscle of calorie-restricted mice

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 35 - Trang 2027-2044 - 2012
José Alberto López-Domínguez1, Husam Khraiwesh1, José Antonio González-Reyes1, Guillermo López-Lluch2, Plácido Navas2, Jon Jay Ramsey3, Rafael de Cabo4, María Isabel Burón1, José M. Villalba1,5
1Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CeiA3, Córdoba, Spain
2Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC, and CIBERER (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Sevilla, Spain
3VM Molecular Biosciences, University of California, Davis, USA
4Laboratory of Experimental Gerontology, National Institute of Aging, Baltimore, USA
5Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Agroalimentario ceiA3, Córdoba, Spain

Tóm tắt

Calorie restriction decreases skeletal muscle apoptosis, and this phenomenon has been mechanistically linked to its protective action against sarcopenia of aging. Alterations in lipid composition of membranes have been related with the beneficial effects of calorie restriction. However, no study has been designed to date to elucidate if different dietary fat sources with calorie restriction modify apoptotic signaling in skeletal muscle. We show that a 6-month calorie restriction decreased the activity of the plasma membrane neutral sphingomyelinase, although caspase-8/10 activity was not altered, in young adult mice. Lipid hydroperoxides, Bax levels, and cytochrome c and AIF release/accumulation into the cytosol were also decreased, although caspase-9 activity was unchanged. No alterations in caspase-3 and apoptotic index (DNA fragmentation) were observed, but calorie restriction improved structural features of gastrocnemius fibers by increasing cross-sectional area and decreasing circularity of fibers in cross sections. Changing dietary fat with calorie restriction produced substantial alterations of apoptotic signaling. Fish oil augmented the protective effect of calorie restriction decreasing plasma membrane neutral sphingomyelinase, Bax levels, caspase-8/10, and −9 activities, while increasing levels of the antioxidant coenzyme Q at the plasma membrane, and potentiating the increase of cross-sectional area and the decrease of fiber circularity in cross sections. Many of these changes were not found when we used lard. Our data support that dietary fish oil with calorie restriction produces a cellular anti-apoptotic environment in skeletal muscle with a downregulation of components involved in the initial stages of apoptosis engagement, both at the plasma membrane and the mitochondria.

Tài liệu tham khảo

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