Diaphragm ultrasonography to estimate the work of breathing during non-invasive ventilation

Intensive Care Medicine - Tập 38 - Trang 796-803 - 2012
Emmanuel Vivier1,2,3, Armand Mekontso Dessap1,2,4, Saoussen Dimassi1,4, Frederic Vargas1,4, Aissam Lyazidi1,4, Arnaud W. Thille1,4, Laurent Brochard1,2,4,5
1AP-HP, Service de Réanimation Médicale, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Henri Mondor, Créteil Cedex, France
2Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France
3Réanimation Polyvalente, Centre Hospitalier Saint Joseph Saint, Lyon, France
4Unité U955 (IMRB), INSERM, Créteil, France
5Soins Intensifs, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève et Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland

Tóm tắt

Ultrasonography allows the direct observation of the diaphragm. Its thickness variation measured in the zone of apposition has been previously used to diagnose diaphragm paralysis. We assessed the feasibility and accuracy of this method to assess diaphragmatic function and its contribution to respiratory workload in critically ill patients under non-invasive ventilation. This was a preliminary physiological study in the intensive care unit of a university hospital. Twelve patients requiring planned non-invasive ventilation after extubation were studied while spontaneously breathing and during non-invasive ventilation at three levels of pressure support (5, 10 and 15 cmH2O). Diaphragm thickness was measured in the zone of apposition during tidal ventilation and the thickening fraction (TF) was calculated as (thickness at inspiration − thickness at expiration)/thickness at expiration. Diaphragmatic pressure–time product per breath (PTPdi) was measured from oesophageal and gastric pressure recordings. PTPdi and TF both decreased as the level of pressure support increased. A significant correlation was found between PTPdi and TF (ρ = 0.74, p < 0.001). The overall reproducibility of TF assessment was good but the coefficient of repeatability reached 18 % for inter-observer reproducibility. Ultrasonographic assessment of the diaphragm TF is a non-invasive method that may prove useful in evaluating diaphragmatic function and its contribution to respiratory workload in intensive care unit patients.

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