Diagnostic value of platelet indices in COVID 19 infection: a case-control study from a single tertiary care center

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 34 Số 1 - 2022
Arundhathi Shankaralingappa1, Tummidi Santosh2, Thirunavukkarasu Arun Babu3
1Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Mangalagiri, Andhra Pradesh, India
2Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Kalyani, West Bengal, India
3Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Mangalagiri, Andhra Pradesh, India

Tóm tắt

Abstract Introduction Platelets are not only involved in hemostasis and coagulation, but play a significant role in innate immunity and inflammatory response. Excess production of cytokines and acute phase reactants affect megakaryopoiesis resulting in the release of immature platelets from the bone marrow altering platelet indices. Aim To study platelet indices in RT-PCR-proven COVID patients and non-COVID patients. Methods A case-control study was conducted on 199 COVID-19 patients and 198 normal individuals. Blood samples were analyzed in an automated hematology analyzer. The platelet indices like platelet count, mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), platelet large cell count (PLCC), and platelet large cell ratio (P-LCR) were compared among two groups. Results Platelet count in COVID-19 patients were significantly low (p<0.01) compared to controls, and a significant number of COVID-19 patients had thrombocytopenia. Plateletcrit (PCT) was also significantly decreased in COVID-19 patients compared to non-COVID individuals. MPV, PDW, and PLCR were significantly (p<0.05) high in COVID-19 patients in comparison to controls, but was not significantly raised in a large number of cases. In contrast, there were no significant differences in platelet large cell count (PLCC) values between COVID-19 cases and non-COVID-19 controls. Conclusion Platelet indices like platelet count, PCT, MPV, PDW, and P-LCR are significantly altered in COVID-19 infection and thereby can be used as biomarkers in COVID-19. Further research is needed to find if these simple, cost-effective parameters can be used to predict the severity and prognosis in COVID-19 infection.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Guo Z-D, Wang Z-Y, Zhang S-F, Li X, Li L, Li C et al (2020) Aerosol and surface distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in hospital wards, Wuhan, China, 2020. Emerging Infect Dis 26:1583–1591

Hassan S (2020) Presentation, management and pathogenesis of the SARS-CoV-2 in Children. Acta Sci Paediat 3:13–31

WHO Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard. Available at: https://covid19.who.int/. Accessed on 01 Feb 2022.

Coronavirus in India: latest map and case count. Available at: https://www.covid19india.org. Accessed on 01 Feb 2022.

Ozder A (2020) A novel indicator predicts 2019 novel coronavirus infection in subjects with diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 166:108294. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108294

Leffondre K, Abrahamowicz M, Regeasse A, Hawker GA, Badley EM, Belzile E (2004) Statistical measures were proposed for identifying longitudinal patterns of change in quantitative health indicators. J Clin Epidemiol 57:1049–1062

Şahin M, Duru NS, Elevli M, Civilibal M (2017) Assessment of platelet parameters in children with pneumonia. J Pediatr Inf 11(3):e106–e112

Channappanavar R, Perlman S (2017) Pathogenic human coronavirus infections: causes and consequences of cytokine storm and immunopathology. Semin Immunopathol 39:529–539

He J, Wei Y, Chen J, Chen F, Gao W, Lu X (2020) Dynamic trajectory of platelet-related indicators and survival of severe COVID-19 patients. Crit Care 24:607

Budak YU, Polat M, Huysal K (2016) The use of platelet indices, plateletcrit, mean platelet volume and platelet distribution width in emergency non-traumatic abdominal surgery: a systematic review. Biochem Med (Zagreb) 26:178–193

Aktas A, Sener K, Yilmaz N, Tunc M, Yolcu S, Aktaş A et al (2020) Is mean platelet volume useful for predicting the prognosis of COVID-19 diagnosed patients? Int J Res Stud Med Health Sci 5:08–11

World Health Organization. WHO declares COVID-19 a pandemic (2020) Available from: https://www.who.int/dg/speeches/detail/whodirector-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-COVID-19%2D%2D-11- march-2020 Accessed on 01 Feb 2022.

Shankaralingappa A, Thirunavukkarasu AB (2021) Pathogenesis of COVID-19 and multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children. Int J Contemp Pediatr 8:777–781

Yolcu S, Beceren GN, Tomruk Ö, Doguç DK, Balbaloglu O (2014) Can mean platelet volume levels of trauma patients predict severity of trauma? Platelets 25:279–284. https://doi.org/10.3109/09537104.2013.809410

Guclu E, Durmaz Y, Karabay O (2013) Effect of severe sepsis on platelet count and their indices. Afr Health Sci 3:333–338

Wool GD, Miller JL (2021) The impact of COVID-19 disease on platelets and coagulation. Pathobiology 88:15–27. https://doi.org/10.1159/000512007

Handtke S, Steil L, Palankar R, Conrad J, Cauhan S, Kraus L et al (2019) Role of platelet size revisited-function and protein composition of large and small platelets. Thromb Haemost 119:407–420

Guan WJ, Ni ZY, Hu Y, Liang WH, Ou CQ, He JX et al (2020) Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China. N Engl J Med 382:1708–1720

Güçlü E, Kocayiğit H, Okan HD, Erkorkmaz U, Yürümez Y, Yaylacı S et al (2020) Effect of COVID-19 on platelet count and its indices. Rev Assoc Med Bras 66(8):1122–1127

Ozcelik N, Ozyurt S, Yilmaz Kara B, Gumus A, Sahin U (2021) The value of the platelet count and platelet indices in differentiation of COVID-19 and influenza pneumonia. J Med Virol 93:2221–2226

Hvas AM (2016) Platelet function in thrombosis and hemostasis. Semin Thromb Hemost 42:183–184

Behrens K, Alexander WS (2018) Cytokine control of megakaryopoiesis. Growth Factors 36:89–103

Gumus H, Demir A, Yukkaldıran A (2021) Is mean platelet volume a predictive marker for the diagnosis of COVID-19 in children? Int J Clin Pract. 75:e13892. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcp.13892

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Tập 34 Số 1

Thông tin tác giả