Dexmedetomidine-Ketamine and Propofol-Ketamine Combinations for Anesthesia in Spontaneously Breathing Pediatric Patients Undergoing Cardiac Catheterization

Morray, 1984, Hemodynamic effects of ketamine in children with congenital heart disease, Anesth Analg, 63, 895, 10.1213/00000539-198410000-00004

Berman, 1990, Hemodynamic effects of ketamine in children undergoing cardiac catheterization, Pediatr Cardiol, 11, 72, 10.1007/BF02239565

Williams, 1999, The hemodynamic effects of propofol in children with congenital heart disease, Anesth Analg, 89, 1411, 10.1213/00000539-199912000-00016

Oklu, 2003, Which anesthetic agent alters the hemodynamic status during pediatric catheterization? Comparison of propofol versus ketamine, J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth, 17, 686, 10.1053/j.jvca.2003.09.009

Lebovic, 1992, Comparison of propofol versus ketamine for anesthesia in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac catheterization, Anesth Analg, 74, 490, 10.1213/00000539-199204000-00003

Jobeir, 2003, Use of low-dose ketamine and/or midazolam for pediatric cardiac catheterization, Pediatr Cardiol, 24, 236, 10.1007/s00246-002-0339-5

Kogan, 2003, Propofol-ketamine mixture for anesthesia in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac catheterization, J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth, 17, 691, 10.1053/j.jvca.2003.09.008

Bhana, 2000, Dexmedetomidine, Drugs, 59, 263, 10.2165/00003495-200059020-00012

Ard, 2003, Awake craniotomy with dexmedetomidine in pediatric patients, J Neurosurg Anesthesiol, 15, 263, 10.1097/00008506-200307000-00015

Tobias, 2002, Initial experience with dexmedetomidine in paediatric-aged patients, Paediatr Anaesth, 12, 171, 10.1046/j.1460-9592.2002.00805.x

Tobias, 2003, Additional experience with dexmedetomidine in pediatric patients, South Med J, 96, 871, 10.1097/01.SMJ.0000053557.75799.09

Tobias, 2002, Controlled hypotension in children, Paediatr Drugs, 4, 439, 10.2165/00128072-200204070-00003

Fahy, 2004, Sedation for paediatric stereotactic radiosurgery, Anaesth Intensive Care, 32, 809, 10.1177/0310057X0403200613

Ramsay, 1974, Controlled sedation with alphaxalone-alphadolone, BMJ, 22, 656, 10.1136/bmj.2.5920.656

Steward, 1975, A simplified scoring system for the post-operative recovery room, Can Anaesth Soc J, 22, 111, 10.1007/BF03004827

White, 1982, Ketamine, Anesthesiology, 56, 119, 10.1097/00000542-198202000-00007

Reves, 1994, Nonbarbiturate intravenous anesthetics, 247

Gozal, 2001, Propofol does not modify the hemodynamic status of children with intracardiac shunts undergoing cardiac catheterization, Pediatr Cardiol, 22, 488, 10.1007/s002460010280

Venn, 2001, Comparison between dexmedetomidine and propofol for sedation in the intensive care unit, Br J Anaesth, 87, 684, 10.1093/bja/87.5.684

Overly, 2005, Bispectral analysis during deep sedation of pediatric oral surgery patients, J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 63, 215, 10.1016/j.joms.2004.07.013

Overly, 2005, Bispectral analysis during pediatric procedural sedation, Pediatr Emerg Care, 21, 6, 10.1097/01.pec.0000150981.88733.d8

Whyte, 2004, Bispectral index during isoflurane anesthesia in pediatric patients, Anesth Analg, 98, 1644, 10.1213/01.ANE.0000117223.84646.36

Ferrer-Allado, 1973, Ketamine-induced electroconvulsive phenomena in the human limbic and thalamic regions, Anesthesiology, 38, 333, 10.1097/00000542-197304000-00006

Manocha, 2001, Possible mechanism of anticonvulsant effect of ketamine in mice, Indian J Exp Biol, 39, 1002

Whittington, 2002, Dexmedetomidine increases the cocaine seizure threshold in rats, Anesthesiology, 97, 693, 10.1097/00000542-200209000-00024

Mirski, 1994, Dexmedetomidine decreases seizure threshold in a rat model of experimental generalized epilepsy, Anesthesiology, 81, 1422, 10.1097/00000542-199412000-00017

Cannon, 2001, Metabolic acidosis, rhabdomyolysis, and cardiovascular collapse after prolonged propofol infusion, J Neurosurg, 95, 1053, 10.3171/jns.2001.95.6.1053

Cornfield, 2002, Continious propofol infusion in 142 critically ill children, Pediatrics, 110, 1177, 10.1542/peds.110.6.1177

Wheeler, 2003, The safe and effective use of propofol sedation in children undergoing diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, Pediatr Emerg Care, 19, 385, 10.1097/01.pec.0000101578.65509.71