Phát triển một can thiệp nhằm nâng cao nhận thức và thừa nhận nạn nhân hóa và những hậu quả của nó đối với những người mắc bệnh tâm thần nghiêm trọng
Tóm tắt
Các cá nhân mắc bệnh tâm thần nghiêm trọng có nguy cơ lớn đối với sự phân biệt (được dự đoán) và (trở thành) nạn nhân (tội phạm), điều này không được các chuyên gia sức khỏe tâm thần giải quyết một cách cấu trúc và hệ thống. Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu này là phát triển và thử nghiệm một can thiệp nhằm hỗ trợ các chuyên gia trong việc đối phó với sự nạn nhân hóa và những hậu quả của nó, nhằm tăng cường sự tham gia xã hội an toàn và cải thiện khả năng hồi phục. Dựa trên tài liệu về phục hồi chức năng và quản lý rủi ro tích cực, cùng với thực tiễn hiện tại, các thành phần can thiệp đã được phát triển trong hai nhóm tập trung và bốn cuộc họp chuyên gia sau đó. Can thiệp đã được thử nghiệm tại hai đội ngũ ngoại trú trước khi được hoàn thiện. Can thiệp Victoria bao gồm quản lý rủi ro tích cực, tập trung vào câu chuyện và điểm mạnh của khách hàng, và nâng cao nhận thức về các môi trường (nhà) không an toàn: nó bao gồm bốn bước: khám phá các vấn đề với sự tham gia xã hội, phân tích trải nghiệm nạn nhân hóa, làm rõ bối cảnh của những trải nghiệm này, và xác định các bước tương lai, bao gồm lập kế hoạch phục hồi nhạy cảm với nạn nhân hóa và điều trị chấn thương tùy chọn. Nghiên cứu trong tương lai nên tiếp tục thử nghiệm can thiệp này.
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4th edition, text revision (DSM-IV-TR). Washington DC: American Psychiatric Association.
Anthony, W. A., Cohen, M., Farkas, M., et al. (2002). Psychiatric rehabilitation (2nd ed.). Boston: CPR Boston University.
Antonovsky, A. (1987). Unraveling the mystery of health: How people manage stress and stay well. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Bähler, M., Delespäul, P., Kroon, H., Vugtvän, M., & Westen, K. (2017). Fact-schaal 2017. Utrecht: CCAF.
Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: W.H. Freeman.
Becker, D. R., & Drake, R. E. (1994). Individual placement and support: A community mental health center approach to vocational rehabilitation. Community Mental Health Journal, 30(2), 193–206. (discussion 207–112).
Bertram, G., & Stickley, T. (2005). Mental health nurses, promoters of inclusion or perpetuators of exclusion? Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 12(4), 387–395. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2850.2005.00849.x.
Bond, G. R. (2004). Supported employment: Evidence for an evidence-based practice. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 27(4), 345.
Brekke, J. S., Prindle, C., Bae, S. W., & Long, J. D. (2001). Risks for individuals with schizophrenia who are living in the community. Psychiatric Services, 52(10), 1358–1366. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.52.10.1358.
Brohan, E., Elgie, R., Sartorius, N., & Thornicroft, G. (2010). Self-stigma, empowerment and perceived discrimination among people with schizophrenia in 14 European countries: The GAMIAN-Europe study. Schizophrenia Research, 122, 232–238. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2010.02.1065.
Burns-Lynch, B., Salzer, M. S., & Baron, R. (2011). Managing risk in community integration: Promoting the dignity of risk and supporting personal choice. Philadelphia: Temple University Collaborative on Community Inclusion of Individuals with Psychiatric Disabilities.
Castelein, S., Bruggeman, R., van Busschbach, J. T., van der Gaag, M., Stant, A. D., Knegtering, H., & Wiersma, D. (2008). The effectiveness of peer support groups in psychosis: A randomized controlled trial. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 118(1), 64–72. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.2008.01216.x.
Corrigan, P. W. (2000). Mental health stigma as social attribution: Implications for research methods and attitude change. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 7(1), 48–67. https://doi.org/10.1093/clipsy.7.1.48.
Corrigan, P. W. (2004). Enhancing personal empowerment of people with psychiatric disabilities. American Rehabilitation, 28(1), 10–21.
Corrigan, P. W., Larson, J. E., & Rüsch, N. (2009). Self-stigma and the “why try” effect: Impact on life goals and evidence-based practices. World Psychiatry, 8, 75–81. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2051-5545.2009.tb00218.x.
Davidson, L., Bellamy, C., Guy, K., & Miller, R. (2012). Peer support among persons with severe mental illnesses: A review of evidence and experience. World Psychiatry, 11(2), 123–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wpsyc.2012.05.009.
Davison, S. (1997). Risk assessment and management-a busy practitioner’s perspective. International Review of Psychiatry, 9(2–3), 201–206. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540269775402.
de Bont, P. A. J. M., van den Berg, D. P. G., van der Vleugel, B. M., de Roos, C., de Jongh, A., van der Gaag, M., & van Minnen, A. (2015). Predictive validity of the trauma screening questionnaire in detecting post-traumatic stress disorder in patients with psychotic disorders. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 206(5), 408–416. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.114.148486.
de Mooij, L. D., Kikkert, M., Lommerse, N. M., Peen, J., Meijwaard, S. C., Theunissen, J., & Dekker, J. J. M. (2015). Victimisation in adults with severe mental illness: Prevalence and risk factors. British Journal of Psychiatry. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.113.143370.
Department of Health. (2007). Best practice in managing risk. London: Department of Health.
Dewa, C., Horgan, S., McIntyre, D., Robinson, G., Krupa, T., & Eastabrook, S. (2003). Direct and indirect time inputs and assertive community treatment. Community Mental Health Journal, 39(1), 17–32.
Drake, R. E., Green, A. I., Mueser, K. T., & Goldman, H. H. (2003). The history of community mental health treatment and rehabilitation for persons with severe mental illness. Community Mental Health Journal, 39(5), 427–440.
Eriksson, M., & Lindström, B. (2005). Validity of Antonovsky’s sense of coherence scale: A systematic review. Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, 59(6), 460–466.
Fitzgerald, P. B., de Castella, A. R., Filia, K. M., Filia, S. L., Benitez, J., & Kulkarni, J. (2005). Victimization of patients with schizophrenia and related disorders. Australian New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 39(3), 169–174. https://doi.org/10.1080/j.1440-1614.2005.01539.x.
Gayer-Anderson, C., & Morgan, C. (2013). Social networks, support and early psychosis: A systematic review. Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences, 22(2), 131–146. https://doi.org/10.1017/s2045796012000406.
Gerace, A., Oster, C., O’Kane, D., Hayman, C. L., & Muir-Cochrane, E. (2018). Empathic processes during nurse–consumer conflict situations in psychiatric inpatient units: A qualitative study. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 27(1), 92–105. https://doi.org/10.1111/inm.12298.
Goodman, L. A., Salyers, M. P., Mueser, K. T., Rosenberg, S. D., Swartz, M., Essock, S. M., & Swanson, J. (2001). Recent victimization in women and men with severe mental illness: Prevalence and correlates. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 14(4), 615–632.
Greenhalgh, T., Robert, G., Macfarlane, F., Bate, P., & Kyriakidou, O. (2004). Diffusion of innovations in service organizations: Systematic review and recommendations. The Milbank Quarterly, 82(4), 581–629. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0887-378X.2004.00325.x.
Gronholm, P. C., Henderson, C., Deb, T., & Thornicroft, G. (2017). Interventions to reduce discrimination and stigma: The state of the art. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 52(3), 249–258. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-017-1341-9.
Ministry of Health Welfare and Sport. (2014). Model reporting code domestic violence and child abuse. The Hague: Ministry of Health Welfare and Sport.
Hansson, L., Lexén, A., & Holmén, J. (2017). The effectiveness of narrative enhancement and cognitive therapy: A randomized controlled study of a self-stigma intervention. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 52(11), 1415–1423. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-017-1385-x.
Hoffmann, T. C., Glasziou, P. P., Boutron, I., Milne, R., Perera, R., Moher, D., & Johnston, M. (2014). Better reporting of interventions: Template for intervention description and replication (TIDieR) checklist and guide. BMJ, 348, g1687. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.g1687.
Holley, J., Chambers, M., & Gillard, S. (2016). The impact of risk management practice upon the implementation of recovery-oriented care in community mental health services: A qualitative investigation. Journal of Mental Health, 25(4), 315–322. https://doi.org/10.3109/09638237.2015.1124402.
Holmes, E., Corrigan, P., Stephenson, J., & Nugent-Hirschbeck, J. (1997). Learning street smarts for an urban setting. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 20(3), 64–66.
Honkonen, T., Henriksson, M., Koivisto, A.-M., Stengård, E., & Salokangas, R. K. R. (2004). Violent victimization in schizophrenia. Social Psychiatry Psychiatric Epidemiology, 39(8), 606–612.
Jones, M. (2020). Risk: A conversation worth having in mental health care? Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation and Mental Health. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40737-019-00154-8.
Jonikas, J. A., & Cook, J. A. (1993). Safe, secure, and street-smart: Empowering women with mental illness to achieve greater independence in the community. Chicago: Thresholds National Research and Training Center.
Kaliniecka, H., & Shawe-Taylor, M. (2008). Promoting positive risk management: Evaluation of a risk management panel. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 15(8), 654–661. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2850.2008.01289.x.
Kamperman, A., Henrichs, J., Bogaerts, S., Lesaffre, E., Wierdsma, A., Ghauharali, R., & Mulder, C. (2014). Criminal victimisation in people with severe mental illness: A multi-site prevalence and incidence survey in the Netherlands. PLoS ONE, 9(3), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0091029.
Kamperman, A., Siesling, M., Nijssen, Y., & van Busschbach, J. (2015). Slachtofferschap onder mensen met een psychische aandoening; Vorm, omvang en mogelijke oplossingen. In Handboek Stigma.
Kelly, L. S., & McKenna, H. P. (1997). Victimization of people with enduring mental illness in the community. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 4(3), 185–191.
Kelly, S., & McKenna, H. (2004). Risks to mental health patients discharged into the community. Health, Risk & Society, 6(4), 377–385. https://doi.org/10.1080/13698570412331323252.
Kluft, R. P., Bloom, S. L., & Kinzie, J. D. (2000). Treating traumatized patients and victims of violence. New Directions in Mental Health Services, 86, 79–102. https://doi.org/10.1002/yd.23320008610.
Koenders, J. F., de Mooij, L. D., Dekker, J. M., & Kikkert, M. (2017). Social inclusion and relationship satisfaction of patients with a severe mental illness. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 63(8), 773–781. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020764017737572.
Lasalvia, A., Zoppei, S., Van Bortel, T., Bonetto, C., Cristofalo, D., Wahlbeck, K., & Thornicroft, G. (2013). Global pattern of experienced and anticipated discrimination reported by people with major depressive disorder: A cross-sectional survey. The Lancet, 381(9860), 55–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(12)61379-8.
Latalova, K., Kamaradova, D., & Prasko, J. (2014). Violent victimization of adult patients with severe mental illness: A systematic review. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 10, 1925–1939. https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S68321.
Link, B. G., & Phelan, J. C. (2006). Stigma and its public health implications. The Lancet, 367(9509), 528. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68184-1.
Lynch, T. (2011). Selfhood: A key to the recovery of emotional wellbeing, mental health and the prevention of mental health problems, or a psychology self help book for effective living and handling stress. Mental Health Publishing.
Macdonald, E. M., Hayes, R. L., & Baglioni, A. J., Jr. (2000). The quantity and quality of the social networks of young people with early psychosis compared with closely matched controls. Schizophrenia Research, 46(1), 25–30.
Marwaha, S., & Johnson, S. (2004). Schizophrenia and employment. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 39(5), 337–349. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-004-0762-4.
Meijwaard, S. C., Kikkert, M., Mooij, L. D. D., Lommerse, N. M., Peen, J., Schoevers, R. A., & Dekker, J. J. M. (2015). Risk of criminal victimisation in outpatients with common mental health disorders. PLoS ONE, 10(7), e0128508. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0128508.
Michon, H., van Busschbach, J. T., Stant, A. D., van Vugt, M. D., van Weeghel, J., & Kroon, H. (2014). Effectiveness of individual placement and support for people with severe mental illness in the Netherlands: A 30-month randomized controlled trial. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 37(2), 129. https://doi.org/10.1037/prj0000061.
Murphy, M. K., Black, N. A., Lamping, D. L., McKee, C. M., Sanderson, C. F., Askham, J., & Marteau, T. (1998). Consensus development methods, and their use in clinical guideline development. Health Technology Assessment, 2(3), 1–88.
Nijssen, Y., Roeg, D. P. K., Bongers, I. M. B., & Van Weeghel, J. (2015a). Managing victimization risks attached to societal participation by people with severe mental illness; the Victoria project. Paper presented at the Closing the gap between research and policy in mental health: 11th International Conference of the European Network for Mental Health Service Evaluation.
Nijssen, Y., Roeg, D. P. K., Bongers, I. M. B., & Van Weeghel, J. (2015b). Managing victimization risks attached to societal participation by people with severe mental illness; the Victoria project. Paper presented at the Reaching out together: 3rd European Congress on Assertive Outreach Foundation, Oslo, Norway.
Perese, E. F. (2007). Stigma, poverty, and victimization: Roadblocks to recovery for individuals with severe mental illness. Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association, 13(5), 285–295. https://doi.org/10.1177/1078390307307830.
Perkins, R., & Repper, J. (2016). Recovery versus risk? From managing risk to the co-production of safety and opportunity. Mental Health and Social Inclusion, 20(2), 101–109. https://doi.org/10.1108/MHSI-08-2015-0029.
Perlick, D. A. (2001). Adverse effects of perceived stigma on social adaptation of persons diagnosed with bipolar affective disorder: On stigma as a barrier to recovery. Psychiatric Services, 52(12), 1627. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.52.12.1627.
Perske, R. (1972). The Dignity of risk and the mentally retarded. Mental Retardation, 10(1), 24–27.
Pharoah, F., Mari, J., Rathbone, J., & Wong, W. (2010). Family intervention for schizophrenia. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 12, CD000088. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD000088.pub2.
Reynolds, W. J., & Scott, B. (1999). Empathy: A crucial component of the helping relationship. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 6(5), 363–370. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2850.1999.00228.x.
Rogers, E., Anthony, W., Lyass, A., & Penk, W. (2006). A randomized clinical trial of vocational rehabilitation for people with psychiatric disabilities. Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, 49(3), 143–156.
Rüsch, N., & Thornicroft, G. (2014). Does stigma impair prevention of mental disorders? The British Journal of Psychiatry, 204(4), 249–251.
Sells, D. J., Rowe, M., Fisk, D., & Davidson, L. (2003). Violent victimization of persons with co-occurring psychiatric and substance use disorders. Psychiatric Services, 54(9), 1253–1257.
Silver, E. (2002). Mental disorder and violent victimization: The mediating role of involvement in conflicted social relationships. Criminology, 40(1), 191–212. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-9125.2002.tb00954.x.
Silver, E., Piquero, A. R., Jennings, W. G., Piquero, N. L., & Leiber, M. (2011). Assessing the violent offending and violent victimization overlap among discharged psychiatric patients. Law and Human Behavior, 35(1), 49–59. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10979-009-9206-8.
Slade, M., Leamy, M., Bird, V., & Le Boutillier, C. (2013). Mental health services and recovery. Improving mental health care: The global challenge (pp. 40–56). Chichester: Wiley.
Stuart, S. R., Tansey, L., & Quayle, E. (2017). What we talk about when we talk about recovery: A systematic review and best-fit framework synthesis of qualitative literature. Journal of Mental Health, 26(3), 291–304. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638237.2016.1222056.
Sweeney, A., Filson, B., Kennedy, A., Collinson, L., & Gillard, S. (2018). A paradigm shift: Relationships in trauma-informed mental health services. BJPsych Advances, 24(5), 319–333. https://doi.org/10.1192/bja.2018.29.
Swildens, W., van Busschbach, J., Michon, H., Kroon, H., Koeter, M., Wiersma, D., & van Os, J. (2011). Effectively working on rehabilitation goals: 24-month outcome of a randomized controlled trial of the Boston psychiatric rehabilitation approach. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 56(12), 751–760. https://doi.org/10.1177/070674371105601207.
Teplin, L. A., McClelland, G. M., Abram, K. M., & Weiner, D. A. (2005). Crime victimization in adults with severe mental illness: Comparison with the national crime victimization survey. Archives of General Psychiatry, 62, 911–921. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.62.8.911.
The Healthcare Quality, Complaints and Disputes Act (in Dutch: Wet kwaliteit, klachten en geschillen zorg). (2020).
Thornicroft, G. (2006). Shunned: Discrimination against people with mental illness (Vol. 399). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Thornicroft, G., Brohan, E., Rose, D., Sartorius, N., & Leese, M. (2009). Global pattern of experienced and anticipated discrimination against people with schizophrenia: A cross-sectional survey. Lancet, 373(9661), 408–415. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(08)61817-6.
Thornicroft, G., Mehta, N., Clement, S., Evans-Lacko, S., Doherty, M., Rose, D., & Henderson, C. (2016). Evidence for effective interventions to reduce mental-health-related stigma and discrimination. The Lancet, 387(10023), 1123–1132. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00298-6.
Tjaden, C. D., Mulder, C. L., van Weeghel, J., Delespaul, P., Keet, R., Castelein, S., & Kroon, H. (2019). The resource group method in severe mental illness: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial and a qualitative multiple case study. International Journal of Mental Health Systems, 13(1), 15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13033-019-0270-2.
van den Berg, D. P., de Bont, P. A., van der Vleugel, B. M., De Roos, C., de Jongh, A., van Minnen, A., & van der Gaag, M. (2015). Trauma-focused treatment in PTSD patients with psychosis: Symptom exacerbation, adverse events, and revictimization. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 42(3), 693–702. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbv172.
van Veldhuizen, J. R., & Bähler, M. (2013). Manual flexible ACT: Vision, model, practice and organization. Groningen.
van Veldhuizen, R., Bähler, M., Polhuis, D., & van Os, J. (2008). Handboek FACT. Utrecht: De Tijdstroom.
van Weeghel, J., van de Lindt, S., Slooff, C., van de Kar, F., van Vugt, M., & Wiersma, D. (2011). A regional assessment of the quality of care for people with schizophrenia in the Netherlands. Psychiatric Services, 62(7), 789–792. https://doi.org/10.1176/ps.62.7.pss6207_0789.
van Weeghel, J., van Zelst, C., Boertien, D., & Hasson-Ohayon, I. (2019). Conceptualizations, assessments, and implications of personal recovery in mental illness: A scoping review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal. https://doi.org/10.1037/prj0000356.
Visentini, C., Cassidy, M., Bird, V. J., & Priebe, S. (2018). Social networks of patients with chronic depression: A systematic review. Journal of Affective Disorders, 241, 571–578. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2018.08.022.
Walsh, E., Moran, P., Scott, C., McKenzie, K., Burns, T., Creed, F., & Fahy, T. (2003). Prevalence of violent victimisation in severe mental illness. British Journal of Psychiatry, 183(3), 233–236. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.183.3.233.
WGBO boek 7, afdeling 5 Burgerlijk wetboek (2019).