Developing the Helsinki Smart City: The Role of Competitions for Open Data Applications

Sargsyan G (2011) Social economic impact of Open Service Innovation (OSI), Final report for DG INFSO Study SMART2009-0077

Työ-ja Elinkeinoministeriö (2010) Demand and user-driven innovation policy, framework and action plan, Publications of the Ministry of Employment and the Economy, August 2010

Eriksson M, Niitamo VP, Kulkki S, Hribernik KA (2006) Living Labs as a Multi-Contextual R&D Methodology. The 12th International Conference on Concurrent Enterprising: Innovative Products and Services through Collaborative Networks, ICE2006. Milan, Italy

Nonaka I, Toyama R, Konno N (2000) SECI, Ba and leadership: a unified model of dynamic knowledge creation. Long Range Planning 33(1):5–34

Følstad A (2008) Living labs for innovation and development of information and communication technology: a literature review. Special issue on living labs. The Electronic Journal for Virtual Organizations and Networks 10

Følstad A (2008) Towards a living lab for the development of online community. Special issue on living labs. The Electronic Journal for Virtual Organizations and Networks 10

Almirall E (2008) Living Labs and innovation, roles and applicability. Special Issue on Living Labs. The Electronic Journal for Virtual Organizations and Networks, 10

Helsinkiregion.fi http://www.helsinginseutu.fi/hki/hs/The+Region+of+Helsinki/City+information+and+statistics/Helsinki+Region+Statistics . Accessed 9 September 2011

Poikola A, Kola P, Hintikka KA (2011) Public Data, an introduction to opening information resources, Finnish Ministry of Transport and Communications, April 2011, p 24

Katzy B, Klein S (2008) Editorial introduction, special issue on living labs. The Electronic Journal for Virtual Organizations and Networks 10

Schaffers H, Cordoba MG, Kallai T, Hongisto P, Merz C, Van Rensburg J (2007) Exploring business models for open innovation in rural living labs. 13th International Conference on Concurrent Enterprising, Sophia-Antipolis, France

Ballon P, Pierson J, Delaere S (2005) Test and experimentation platforms for broadband innovation: examining European practice. The 16th European Regional Conference by the International Telecommunications Society, Porto, Portugal

Oliveira A, Fradinho E, Caires R, Oliveira J, Barbosa A (2006) From a successful regional information society strategy to an advanced living lab in mobile technologies and services, Proceedings of the 39th Hawaii International Conference on Systems Sciences, IEEE, p 5

Santoro R, Marco C (2009) Living labs in open innovation functional regions. Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Concurrent Enterprising 2009, Leiden. The Netherlands

Fahy C, Ponce de Leon M, Ståhlbröst A, Schaffers H, Hongisto P (2007) Services of Living Labs and Their Networks. In: eChallenges 2007, Den Haag, Netherlands

Schaffers H, Guzman JG, Merz C (2008) In action research approach to rural living labs innovation. In: eChallenges 2008, Stockholm, Sweden

Porter ME (1990) The competitive advantage of nations, Harvard Business Review, March–April

Porter ME (2000) Location, competition, and economic development: local clusters in a global economy. Econ Dev Q 14(1):15–34

Feser EJ (1998) Old and new theories of industry clusters. In: Steiner M (ed) Clusters and regional specialization on geography, technology and networks. Pion Limited, London

Martin R, Sunley P (2003) Deconstructing clusters: chaotic concept of policy panacea? J Econ Geogr 3(1):5–35

Chesbrough H (2003) Open innovation: the new imperative for creating and profiting from technology. Harvard Business Press, Boston

Freeman C (2002) Continental, national and sub-national innovation systems. Complementarity and economic growth. Res Pol 31(2):191–211

Munoz M, Rubio CG (2004) A new model for service and application convergence in B3G/4G networks. Wireless Comm IEEE 11(5):6–12

FGI, Finnish Game Industry, report 2010–2011 (2011) http://hermia-fi-bin.directo.fi/@Bin/34de04bc32ba0a5853ab27ba8245322f/1316871591/application/pdf/928763/Finnish%20Games%20Industry%202010-2011.pdf . Accessed 24 September 2011

Wired magazine at http://www.wired.co.uk/magazine/archive/2011/09/european-startups/helsinki . Accessed 11 September 2011

Mallat N, Rossi M, Tuunainen V, Öörni A (2008) An empirical investigation of mobile ticketing service adoption in public transportation. Personal and Ubiquitous Computing 12(1):57–65

Sonera (2011) Press release, http://www.medialab.sonera.fi/workspace/SoneraCNNPR.pdf . Accessed 24 September 2011

SAMPO (2011) http://www.sampopankki.fi/en-fi/Personal/online-services/Pages/mobile-services.aspx . Accessed 24 September 2011

Gabrielsson P, Gabrielsson M (2004) Globalizing internationals: business portfolio and marketing strategies in the ICT fields. Int Bus Rev 13(6):661–684

Wikipedia. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MySQL . Accessed 02 October 2011

Luostarinen R, Gabrielsson M (2006) Globalization and marketing strategies of born globals in SMOPECs. Int Bus Rev 48(6):773–801