Phát triển chỉ số hiệu quả cho quản lý chất thải y tế sinh học tại các bang Ấn Độ bằng cách tiếp cận chỉ số tổng hợp

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 28 - Trang 64014-64029 - 2021
Anurag Deepak1, Dinesh Kumar1, Varun Sharma1
1Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, India

Tóm tắt

Chất thải từ các cơ sở y tế (HCFs) gây ra những tác động tiêu cực nhất đối với sức khỏe con người và ô nhiễm môi trường. Quản lý hiệu quả chất thải y tế sinh học là một chức năng thiết yếu của chính phủ các bang, tùy thuộc vào các chính sách và cơ sở trong các HCFs. Đánh giá hiệu suất ở cấp bang cung cấp thông tin giải thích cho các nhà quyết định về việc xử lý chất thải y tế sinh học. Do đó, bài báo này nhằm thiết lập một chỉ số hiệu quả để đánh giá hiệu suất quản lý chất thải y tế sinh học cho các bang ở Ấn Độ. Khung khái niệm được thiết kế, hoạt động như một khối xây dựng cho chỉ số, liên kết các khía cạnh kỹ thuật, quản lý và bền vững. Để đánh giá các phương thức quản lý chất thải hiện có, các chỉ báo phụ quan trọng được phân tích cho các bang phía Bắc và phía Nam của Ấn Độ. Các chỉ báo được chuyển đổi thành đơn vị so sánh sử dụng kỹ thuật chuẩn hóa tỷ lệ. Trọng số cho các chỉ báo tương ứng được xác định bằng phương pháp entropy và phương pháp tổng hợp thêm để hình thành các chỉ số cho nhiều bang khác nhau. Chỉ số phát triển cho phép so sánh các thực hành quản lý giữa các bang và nêu bật tình hình đáng báo động. Dựa trên cường độ giá trị chỉ số, các bang được phân loại thành các khu vực đỏ, vàng và xanh. Sức mạnh của mô hình được xác nhận bằng cách thực hiện phân tích độ nhạy và phân nhóm, kiểm tra độ tin cậy của các chỉ báo và phân loại các bang với phương pháp hiện có. Phân tích này sẽ hữu ích cho các nhà quyết định của các hội đồng ô nhiễm bang bằng cách cung cấp sự chú ý đặc biệt đến việc nâng cao năng lực và công nghệ phòng ngừa chất thải.

Từ khóa

#quản lý chất thải y tế sinh học #chỉ số hiệu quả #Ấn Độ #phân tích độ nhạy #kỹ thuật chuẩn hóa tỷ lệ

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