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Các yếu tố quyết định lựa chọn nguồn chăm sóc thông thường của người cao tuổi mắc bệnh tim mạch ở Trung Quốc: bằng chứng từ Nghiên cứu về sự Lão hóa Toàn cầu và Sức khỏe Người trưởng thành
Tóm tắt
Các bệnh tim mạch (CVD) đang nổi lên như nguyên nhân hàng đầu dẫn đến tử vong trên toàn cầu. Nguồn chăm sóc thông thường (USC) đã được chứng minh là có lợi ích đáng kể cho người cao tuổi mắc bệnh CVD. Hiểu biết về lựa chọn USC sẽ tạo ra những hiểu biết quan trọng để hướng dẫn việc xây dựng hệ thống y tế tích hợp dựa trên chăm sóc ban đầu đang diễn ra ở Trung Quốc. Nghiên cứu này nhằm phân tích các yếu tố quyết định ở cấp độ cá nhân về lựa chọn USC trong số người cao tuổi Trung Quốc mắc bệnh CVD và tạo ra hai hồ sơ bệnh nhân điển hình: một người có khả năng lựa chọn bệnh viện công làm USC cao nhất, người còn lại có khả năng lựa chọn cơ sở chăm sóc ban đầu công làm USC cao nhất. Nghiên cứu này là một phân tích thứ cấp sử dụng dữ liệu từ Nghiên cứu của Tổ chức Y tế Thế giới về sự Lão hóa Toàn cầu và Sức khỏe Người trưởng thành (SAGE) Làn sóng 1 tại Trung Quốc. 3.309 cá nhân từ 50 tuổi trở lên sống chung với bệnh CVD được đưa vào phân tích cuối cùng của chúng tôi. Hồi quy logistic đa biến đã được xây dựng để phân tích các yếu tố quyết định lựa chọn USC. Biểu đồ nomogram đã được sử dụng để dự đoán xác suất lựa chọn USC của bệnh nhân. Phần lớn người cao tuổi mắc bệnh CVD có xu hướng chọn bệnh viện công làm USC so với các cơ sở chăm sóc ban đầu. Những người cao tuổi mắc bệnh CVD từ 50 tuổi trở lên, không biết chữ, sống ở khu vực nông thôn, thuộc nhóm thu nhập nghèo nhất, có những thiếu sót trong các hoạt động sinh hoạt hàng ngày và mắc một bệnh mãn tính có xác suất cao hơn là chọn các cơ sở chăm sóc ban đầu làm USC với xác suất 0,85. Trong số những người chọn cơ sở chăm sóc ban đầu làm USC, những bệnh nhân cao tuổi mắc CVD có các đặc điểm sau có xác suất cao nhất để chọn các cơ sở chăm sóc ban đầu công làm USC, với xác suất 0,77: từ 95 tuổi trở lên, đã kết hôn, sống ở khu vực đô thị, thuộc nhóm thu nhập giàu nhất, có bảo hiểm, có trình độ học vấn trung học hoặc cao hơn, và có khả năng quản lý các hoạt động sinh hoạt. Mặc dù các cơ sở chăm sóc ban đầu công là USC tối ưu cho người cao tuổi mắc bệnh CVD ở Trung Quốc, phần lớn họ thích nhận chăm sóc sức khỏe tại các bệnh viện công. Nghiên cứu này cho thấy lựa chọn USC cho người cao tuổi sống cùng bệnh CVD bị quyết định bởi các đặc điểm cá nhân khác nhau. Nó cung cấp bằng chứng về lựa chọn USC của những bệnh nhân cao niên Trung Quốc sống cùng bệnh CVD.
Từ khóa
#bệnh tim mạch #người cao tuổi #nguồn chăm sóc thông thường #chăm sóc sức khỏe #Trung QuốcTài liệu tham khảo
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