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Phát hiện không có lai ghép tự nhiên và dự đoán sự chồng lấn phạm vi ở Saccharina angustata và Saccharina japonica
Tóm tắt
Lai ghép tự nhiên có thể đóng một vai trò quan trọng trong các quá trình tiến hoá và ảnh hưởng đến sự đa dạng thích nghi và hình thành loài của các loài tảo nâu. Tuy nhiên, hiện tượng này vẫn chưa được biết đến ở các loại tảo Saccharina. Saccharina angustata và hai biến thể của Saccharina japonica (S. japonica var. japonica và S. japonica var. diabolica) phần nào chồng lấn phân bố dọc theo bờ biển Thái Bình Dương của Hokkaido, điều này làm cho chúng trở thành một hệ mô hình tốt để nghiên cứu lai ghép và sự giao thoa giữa các loài thuộc chi Saccharina. Dựa trên 13 vi vệ tinh hạt nhân có độ biến thiên cao và một dấu hiệu ti thể, chúng tôi đã đánh giá mức độ đa dạng gen của S. angustata lần đầu tiên và các quần thể từ Muroran đến Shiranuka (phần tây bờ biển Thái Bình Dương ở Hokkaido) thể hiện độ đa dạng gen cao nhất. Độ đa dạng gen của S. japonica cao hơn ở S. japonica var. japonica so với S. japonica var. diabolica. Có sự phân hóa gen đáng kể (FST > 0.25, p < 0.05) giữa S. japonica và S. angustata dựa trên cả hai dấu hiệu. Hơn nữa, có sự kết nối gen kém và lai ghép giữa các loài Saccharina có liên quan chặt chẽ này hạn chế. Các mô hình sinh thái học về môi trường dự đoán sự mở rộng về phía bắc của cả S. japonica và S. angustata dưới các kịch bản khí hậu trong tương lai và sự chồng lấn phạm vi giữa hai loài dọc theo bờ biển Biển Okhotsk ở bán đảo Kamchatka. Sự lai ghép giữa các loài và độ đa dạng gen giữa các tảo này cung cấp những hiểu biết cho việc lựa chọn và nuôi trồng tảo cũng như các chiến lược bảo tồn trong tương lai của nguồn giống hoang dã.
Từ khóa
#Lai ghép tự nhiên #Saccharina angustata #Saccharina japonica #Đa dạng gen #Mô hình sinh thái #Biển Okhotsk #Nuôi trồng tảoTài liệu tham khảo
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