Phát hiện cảm xúc tiếp nhận và rõ ràng từ khuôn mặt ở các độ tuổi khác nhau

Giulia Prete1, Irene Ceccato1, Emanuela Bartolini2, Adolfo Di Crosta3, Pasquale La Malva1, Rocco Palumbo1, Bruno Laeng4, Luca Tommasi1, Nicola Mammarella1, Alberto Di Domenico1
1Department of Psychological, Health, and Territorial Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
2Department of Neuroscience, Imaging, and Clinical Sciences, “G. D’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
3Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
4Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway

Tóm tắt

Cảm xúc được xử lý trong não thông qua hai tuyến đường chính: một tuyến đường vỏ não, chịu trách nhiệm cho việc nhận diện chi tiết và có ý thức, chủ yếu dựa vào tần số không gian cao (HSF), và một tuyến đường dưới vỏ não, chịu trách nhiệm cho việc xử lý thô và không có ý thức, dựa trên tần số không gian thấp (LSF). Tuy nhiên, rất ít thông tin về những thay đổi có thể xảy ra trong chức năng của hai tuyến đường này khi lão hóa. Trong nghiên cứu trực tuyến go/no-go hiện tại, 112 người trưởng thành trẻ và 111 người cao tuổi được yêu cầu nhấn nút khi một khuôn mặt vui vẻ hoặc tức giận xuất hiện (go) và ngăn chặn phản ứng đối với các khuôn mặt trung tính (no-go). Các kích thích khuôn mặt được trình bày không qua lọc (hình ảnh băng thông rộng), được lọc ở HSF và LSF, và các hình thức lai (LSF của một biểu cảm cảm xúc chồng lên HSF của cùng một khuôn mặt với biểu cảm trung tính). Tất cả các kích thích cũng được trình bày với sự xoay trục dọc (lật ngược) để điều tra phân tích toàn cục của khuôn mặt khi lão hóa. Kết quả cho thấy những người tham gia trẻ tuổi có hiệu suất tổng thể tốt hơn so với người già ở tất cả các điều kiện ngoại trừ các kích thích lai. Hiệu ứng đảo ngược khuôn mặt như mong đợi đã được xác nhận trong cả hai nhóm tuổi. Chúng tôi kết luận rằng, bên cạnh việc tổng thể suy giảm kỹ năng nhận thức với tuổi tác, không có suy giảm cụ thể nào trong chức năng của cả hai tuyến đường vỏ não và dưới vỏ não được phát hiện.

Từ khóa

#cảm xúc #lão hóa #tuyến đường vỏ não #tuyến đường dưới vỏ não #kích thích khuôn mặt #nhận diện khuôn mặt

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