Dermatomyositis and Type 1 Interferons
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•• Salajegheh M, Kong SK, Pinkus JL, et al.: Interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) conjugates proteins in dermatomyositis muscle with perifascicular atrophy. Ann Neurol 2010, 67:53–63. This study demonstrates the remarkable specificity of a high abundance of ISG15 transcript for dermatomyositis muscle, that ISG15 protein is conjugated to multiple other proteins in dermatomyositis muscle, and that the exposure of muscle cell culture to type 1 interferons produces a molecular picture highly similar to that of human dermatomyositis muscle.
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•• Walsh RJ, Kong SW, Yao Y, et al.: Type I interferon-inducible gene expression in blood is present and reflects disease activity in dermatomyositis and polymyositis. Arthritis Rheum 2007, 56:3784–3792. This study demonstrates the marked abundance of type 1 interferon–inducible transcripts in blood samples from patients with active dermatomyositis, and to a lesser extent polymyositis.
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•• Liao A, Salajegheh M, Morehouse C, et al.: Human plasmacytoid dendritic cell accumulation amplifies their type 1 interferon production. Clin Immunol 2010 Epub ahead of print. Human pDCs become far more efficient producers of type 1 interferons when they accumulate in concentrations exceeding those normally present in blood. This provides a potential mechanism for marked amplification of type 1 interferon–mediated responses in autoimmune disease tissue sites. Blockade of the type 1 interferon receptor is predicted to diminish type 1 interferon production.
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•• Sato S, Hoshino K, Satoh T, et al.: RNA helicase encoded by melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 is a major autoantigen in patients with clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis: association with rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease. Arthritis Rheum 2009, 60:2193–2200. Autoantibodies against a type 1 interferon–inducible protein are highly sensitive and specific to clinical amyopathic dermatomyositis across a broad range of rheumatologic diseases. This provides evidence that these autoantibodies are downstream events following type 1 interferon signaling.
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• Indraccolo S: Interferon-alpha as angiogenesis inhibitor: learning from tumor models. Autoimmunity 2010 Feb 19 (Epub ahead of print). The angiogenic and angiostatic effects of interferon-α are reviewed.