Cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and intracellular distribution of the Auger electron emitter 65Zn in two human cell lines
Tóm tắt
Cell survival, induction of apoptosis, and micronucleus formation have been examined in non-transformed human amnion fluid fibroblast-like (AFFL) cells and in a human squameous cell carcinoma (SCL-II) cell line after exposure to the Auger electron emitter 65Zn and after external low-LET radiation. Cellular uptake and subcellular distribution of 65Zn2+ were studied in vitro and the absorbed radiation dose was calculated applying analytical dosimetry models. Auger electrons generated during decay of 65Zn induced a prominent decrease in cell survival and increased the levels of apoptotic as well as micronucleated cells when compared to external low-LET irradiation. Relative biological effectiveness has been determined for cell survival (RBE ~4), micronucleus formation (RBE ~2) and apoptosis induction (RBE ~5–8) in SCL-II cells and for micronucleus formation (RBE ~4–5) and apoptosis induction (RBE ~6–10) in AFFL cells, respectively. This demonstrates a general enhanced biological effectiveness of 65Zn in both investigated cell lines when compared to external low-LET radiation. The distribution pattern of intracellular Zn2+ was found to be non-uniform, showing enhanced amounts of Zn2+ in the perinuclear region and low amounts inside the cell nucleus, suggesting a major energy deposition close to the nuclear envelope.
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