Biểu hiện da liễu của bệnh hồng cầu hình liềm: một bài tổng quan cập nhật

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 315 - Trang 729-734 - 2022
Alexander Dick1, Gabrielle Schwartzman1, Amor Khachemoune2,3
1School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, USA
2Department of Dermatology, State University of New York Downstate, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Brooklyn, USA
3Department of Dermatology, Veterans Health Administration, Brooklyn, USA

Tóm tắt

Bệnh hồng cầu hình liềm là một tình trạng di truyền phổ biến và có tỷ lệ biến chứng cao, được đặc trưng bởi sự ảnh hưởng đa hệ thống, bao gồm nhiều biểu hiện trên da. Mưng mủ kéo dài và tái phát ở chân từ lâu đã được coi là dấu hiệu da liễu đặc trưng của những người mắc bệnh hồng cầu hình liềm, nhưng gần đây có những mô tả về sự nhiễm trùng liên quan với các tác nhân hiếm gặp và các trường hợp bệnh lý mạch máu gan. Các nghiên cứu ngày càng chú trọng đến nhóm bệnh nhân này trong tài liệu bao gồm các phản ứng da liễu với các phương pháp điều trị thông dụng như hydroxyurea và quản lý lâm sàng tại giao thoa giữa bệnh hồng cầu hình liềm và các tình trạng như vảy nến mảng. Các nghiên cứu gần đây cũng đã chỉ ra sự kháng cự gia tăng đối với sự tạo thành khối u trên da của những bệnh nhân mắc bệnh hồng cầu hình liềm thông qua các cơ chế chưa rõ ràng. Tuy nhiên, mặc dù kiến thức về các biểu hiện da liễu và những xem xét liên quan đến bệnh hồng cầu hình liềm đang dần mở rộng, nhưng nó không theo kịp với gánh nặng bệnh tật và triệu chứng đáng kể mà những bệnh nhân này phải đối mặt. Cần có thêm nghiên cứu để làm rõ hơn sự hiểu biết của chúng ta về các biểu hiện da liễu của bệnh hồng cầu hình liềm nhằm cải thiện kết quả điều trị và quản lý tiếp theo.

Từ khóa

#bệnh hồng cầu hình liềm; biểu hiện da liễu; nhiễm trùng; quản lý lâm sàng; khối u trên da

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