Các khái niệm hiện tại trong chẩn đoán và quản lý hội chứng antiphospholipid và các biểu hiện ở mắt

Gunay Uludag1, Neil Onghanseng1, Anh N. T. Tran1, Muhammad Hassan1, Muhammad Sohail Halim1,2, Yasir J. Sepah1,2, Diana V. Do1, Quan Dong Nguyen1
1Spencer Center for Vision Research, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, USA
2Ocular Imaging Research and Reading Center, Sunnyvale, USA

Tóm tắt

Hội chứng antiphospholipid (APS) là một rối loạn tự miễn liên quan đến các biến chứng sản khoa, các biến chứng huyết khối liên quan đến cả động mạch và tĩnh mạch, và các biểu hiện không huyết khối ảnh hưởng đến nhiều hệ thống khác nhau với các trình bày lâm sàng khác nhau. Chẩn đoán yêu cầu sự hiện diện của các kháng thể antiphospholipid. Cơ chế gây bệnh chính xác của APS vẫn chưa được biết rõ. Tuy nhiên, gần đây đã cho thấy rằng sự kích hoạt các loại tế bào khác nhau bởi các kháng thể antiphospholipid đóng một vai trò quan trọng trong việc hình thành huyết khối. Sự tham gia của mắt là một trong những biểu hiện lâm sàng quan trọng của APS và có thể thay đổi về hình thức trình bày. Do đó, với tư cách là một bác sĩ nhãn khoa, việc quen thuộc với các phát hiện ở mắt của APS là rất quan trọng để ngăn ngừa các biến chứng bổ sung có thể phát sinh. Hơn nữa, việc xác định liên tục các yếu tố mới và cụ thể góp phần vào cơ chế gây bệnh của APS có thể cung cấp các lựa chọn điều trị mới trong việc quản lý bệnh này trong tương lai.

Từ khóa

#hội chứng antiphospholipid #tự miễn #kháng thể antiphospholipid #biến chứng huyết khối #biểu hiện ở mắt #chẩn đoán #quản lý bệnh

Tài liệu tham khảo

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