Cultural relativism comes in from the cold

Behavioral and Brain Sciences - Tập 7 Số 2 - Trang 288-288 - 1984
J. W. Berry

Tài liệu tham khảo

Baltes P. B. , Dittmann-Kohli F. & Dixon R. A. (1982) Intellectual development during adulthood: General propositions towards theory and a dual-process conception. Unpublished manuscript. [taRJS] citation_title=Brain function in old age; citation_author=Baltes, P. B.; citation_author=Willis, S. L.; citation_author=Hoffmeister, F.; citation_author=Mueller, C.; citation_publication_date=1979 citation_title=Aging and cognitive processes; citation_author=Baltes, P. B.; citation_author=Willis, S. L.; citation_author=Craik, F. I. M.; citation_author=Trehub, S. E.; citation_publication_date=1982 citation_title=Self-efficacy mechanism in human agency; citation_author=Bandura, A.; citation_publication_date=1982; citation_journal_title=American Psychologist; citation_volume=37; citation_firstpage=122; citation_doi=10.1037/0003-066X.37.2.122 citation_title=Reflective thinking as a goal of education; citation_author=Baron, J.; citation_publication_date=1981; citation_journal_title=Intelligence; citation_volume=5; citation_firstpage=291; citation_lastpage=309; citation_doi=10.1016/0160-2896(81)90021-0 citation_title=Handbook of human intelligence; citation_author=Baron, J.; citation_author=Sternberg, R. J.; citation_publication_date=1982 Baron J. (in press) What kinds of intelligence components are fundamental? In: Thinking and learning skills: Current research and open questions, ed. Chipman S. , Segal J. & Glaser R. . Erlbaum. [JB] Baron J. (in preparation) Rationality and intelligence. Cambridge University Press. [JB] citation_title=Mental tests and cultural adaptation; citation_author=Berry, J. W.; citation_author=Cronbaeh, L. J.; citation_author=Drenth, P. J. D.; citation_publication_date=1972 citation_title=Human ecology and cognitive style; citation_author=Berry, J. W.; citation_publication_date=1976 citation_title=Cultural universality of any theory of human intelligence remains an open question; citation_author=Berry, J. W.; citation_publication_date=1980; citation_journal_title=Behavioral and Brain Sciences; citation_volume=3; citation_firstpage=584; citation_doi=10.1017/S0140525X00006944 citation_title=Studies in cross-cultural psychology; citation_author=Berry, J. W.; citation_author=Warren, N.; citation_publication_date=1980 citation_title=Intelligence and learning; citation_author=Berry, J. W.; citation_author=Friedman, M.; citation_author=Das, J. P.; citation_author=O'Conner, N.; citation_publication_date=1981 Berry J. W. (in press) Towards a universal psychology of cognitive competence. International Journal of Psychology. [JWB] citation_title=Performance tests of intelligence under Indianconditions; citation_author=Bhatia, C. M.; citation_publication_date=1955 citation_title=Personnel selection tests for Africans; citation_author=Biesheuvel, S.; citation_publication_date=1952; citation_journal_title=South African Journal of Science; citation_volume=49; citation_firstpage=3; citation_lastpage=12 citation_title=The measurement of occupational aptitudes in a multiracial society; citation_author=Biesheuvel, S.; citation_publication_date=1954; citation_journal_title=Occupational Psychology; citation_volume=28; citation_firstpage=189 citation_title=Classics in psychology: The development of intelligence in children; citation_author=Binet, A.; citation_author=Simon, T.; citation_publication_date=1973 citation_title=Intelligence as the tests test it; citation_author=Boring, E. G.; citation_publication_date=1923; citation_journal_title=New Republic; citation_firstpage=35; citation_lastpage=37 citation_title=A model for intelligence; citation_author=Brand, C. R.; citation_author=Deary, I. J.; citation_author=Eysenck, H. J.; citation_publication_date=1982 citation_title=Psychology of mental retardation: Issues and approaches; citation_author=Butterfield, E. C.; citation_author=Belmont, J. M.; citation_author=Bialer, I.; citation_author=Sternlicht, M.; citation_publication_date=1977 citation_title=Convergent and discriminant validation by the multitrait multimethod matrix; citation_author=Campbell, D. T.; citation_author=Fiske, D. W.; citation_publication_date=1959; citation_journal_title=Psychological Bulletin; citation_volume=56; citation_firstpage=81; citation_lastpage=105; citation_doi=10.1037/h0046016 citation_title=Human intelligence: Perspectives on its theory and measurement; citation_author=Campione, J. C.; citation_author=Brown, A. L.; citation_author=Sternberg, R. J.; citation_author=Detterman, D. K.; citation_publication_date=1979 citation_title=Reaction time, movement time, and intelligence: A replication and extension; citation_author=Carlson, J. S.; citation_author=Jensen, C. M.; citation_publication_date=1982; citation_journal_title=Intelligence; citation_volume=6; citation_firstpage=265; citation_doi=10.1016/0160-2896(82)90003-4 citation_title=The nature of intelligence; citation_author=Carroll, J. B.; citation_author=Resnick, L. B.; citation_publication_date=1976 citation_title=Ability and task difficulty in cognitive psychology; citation_author=Carroll, J. B.; citation_publication_date=1981; citation_journal_title=Educational Research; citation_volume=10; citation_firstpage=11; citation_lastpage=21; citation_doi=10.3102/0013189X010001011 citation_title=Two dimensions of tests: Psychometric and edumetric; citation_author=Carver, R. P.; citation_publication_date=1974; citation_journal_title=American Psychologist; citation_volume=29; citation_firstpage=512; citation_doi=10.1037/h0036782 citation_title=Abilities: Their structure, growth and action; citation_author=Cattell, R. B.; citation_publication_date=1971 citation_title=The nature of intelligence; citation_author=Charlesworth, W. R.; citation_author=Resnick, L. B.; citation_publication_date=1976 citation_title=An ethological approach to studying intelligence; citation_author=Charlesworth, W. R.; citation_publication_date=1979; citation_journal_title=Human Development; citation_volume=22; citation_firstpage=212; citation_doi=10.1159/000272442 citation_title=Human ethology: Claims and limits of a new discipline; citation_author=Charlesworth, W. R.; citation_author=von Cranach, M.; citation_author=Koppa, K.; citation_author=Lepenies, W.; citation_author=Ploog, D.; citation_publication_date=1979 citation_title=Visual information processing; citation_author=Chase, W. G.; citation_author=Simon, H. A.; citation_author=Chase, W. G.; citation_publication_date=1973 citation_title=Advances in the psychology of human intelligence; citation_author=Chi, M. T. H.; citation_author=Glaser, R.; citation_author=Rees, E.; citation_author=Sternberg, R. J.; citation_publication_date=1982 citation_title=La genèse de l'hypothèse: Étude expérimentale; citation_author=Claparède, E.; citation_publication_date=1933; citation_journal_title=Archives de Psychologic; citation_volume=24; citation_firstpage=1; citation_lastpage=155 citation_title=Mind as a cultural achievement: Implications for IQ testing; citation_author=Cole, M.; citation_publication_date=1979 citation_title=A cross-cultural study of information-processing; citation_author=Cole, M.; citation_author=Gay, J.; citation_author=Glick, J.; citation_publication_date=1968; citation_journal_title=International Journal of Psychology; citation_volume=3; citation_firstpage=93; citation_lastpage=102; citation_doi=10.1080/00207596808247231 citation_title=Comparative studies ofhotc people think; citation_author=Cole, M.; citation_author=Means, B.; citation_publication_date=1981 citation_title=Aptitudes and instructional methods; citation_author=Cronbach, L. J.; citation_author=Snow, R. E.; citation_publication_date=1977 citation_title=The psychology of reading: An introduction; citation_author=Crowder, R. G.; citation_publication_date=1982 citation_title=Wide rellective equilibrium and theory acceptance in ethics; citation_author=Daniels, N.; citation_publication_date=1979; citation_journal_title=Journal of Philosophy; citation_volume=76; citation_firstpage=256; citation_doi=10.2307/2025881 Davidson J. E. & Sternberg R. J. (1983) Insight in the gifted. Paper presented at Annual Meeting of Society for Research in Child Development, Detroit. [taRJS] citation_title=Understand cognitive components before postulating inetacomponents; citation_author=Detterman, D. K.; citation_publication_date=1980; citation_journal_title=Behavioral and Brain Sciences; citation_volume=3; citation_firstpage=589; citation_doi=10.1017/S0140525X00007007 citation_title=Does “g” exist?; citation_author=Detterman, D. K.; citation_publication_date=1982; citation_journal_title=Intelligence; citation_volume=6; citation_firstpage=99; citation_lastpage=108; citation_doi=10.1016/0160-2896(82)90008-3 citation_title=Human nature and conduct; citation_author=Dewey, J.; citation_publication_date=1957 citation_title=A heuristic for componential analysis: “Try old goals”; citation_author=Egan, D. E.; citation_publication_date=1982; citation_journal_title=Behavioral and Brain Sciences; citation_volume=5; citation_firstpage=348; citation_doi=10.1017/S0140525X00012449 citation_title=The structure and measurement of intelligence; citation_author=Eyseuck, H. J.; citation_publication_date=1979 citation_title=A model for intelligence; citation_author=Eyseuck, H. J.; citation_publication_date=1982 citation_title=A model for intelligence; citation_author=Eyseuck, H. J.; citation_author=Eysenck, H. J.; citation_publication_date=1982 Eysenck H. J. & Barrett P. (in press) Psychophysiology and the measurement of intelligence. In: Methodological and statistical advances in the study of individual differences, ed. Reynolds C. & Willson V. . Plenum. [HJE] citation_title=Infant recognition memory and later intelligence; citation_author=Fagan, J. F.; citation_author=McGrath, S. K.; citation_publication_date=1981; citation_journal_title=Intelligence; citation_volume=5; citation_firstpage=121; citation_doi=10.1016/0160-2896(81)90002-7 citation_title=Whatever happened to the quiz kids?; citation_author=Feldman, R. D.; citation_publication_date=1982 Ford D. H. (submitted) Humans as self-constructing living systems [MEF] citation_title=Behavioral sciences research in mental health; citation_author=Ford, M. E.; citation_publication_date=1983 Ford M. E. (in press) Linking social-cognitive processes with effective social behavior: A living systems approach. In: Advances in cognitive-behavioral research and therapy, vol. 3, ed. Kendall P. C. . Academic Press. [MEF] Ford M. E. & Miura I. (in preparation) Children's and adults' conception of social competence. [tarRJS] citation_title=Frames of mind: The theory of multiple intelligences; citation_author=Gardner, H.; citation_publication_date=1983 citation_title=East is a big bird; citation_author=Gladwin, T.; citation_publication_date=1970 citation_title=Individual differences in cognitive processes; citation_author=Goldberg, R. A.; citation_author=Schwartz, S.; citation_author=Stewart, M.; citation_publication_date=1977; citation_journal_title=Journal of Educational Psychology; citation_volume=69; citation_firstpage=9; citation_lastpage=14; citation_doi=10.1037/0022-0663.69.1.9 citation_title=Fact, fiction, and forecast; citation_author=Goodman, N.; citation_publication_date=1955 citation_title=The changed social context of testing; citation_author=Gordon, E. W.; citation_author=Terrell, M. D.; citation_publication_date=1981; citation_journal_title=American Psychologist; citation_volume=36; citation_firstpage=1167; citation_doi=10.1037/0003-066X.36.10.1167 citation_title=The nature of human intelligence; citation_author=Guilford, J. P.; citation_publication_date=1967 citation_title=Cognitive psychology's ambiguities: Some suggested remedies; citation_author=Guilford, J. P.; citation_publication_date=1982; citation_journal_title=Psychological Review; citation_volume=89; citation_firstpage=48; citation_lastpage=59; citation_doi=10.1037/0033-295X.89.1.48 citation_title=Psykologisk Rapportserie 1; citation_author=Hellesnes, T.; citation_publication_date=1980 citation_title=Attempts to predict intelligent behavior. 3. The relative importance of divergent and convergent production; citation_author=Hellesnes, T.; citation_author=Raaheim, K.; citation_author=Bengtsson, G.; citation_publication_date=1982; citation_journal_title=Scandinavian Journal of Psychology; citation_volume=23; citation_firstpage=263; citation_doi=10.1111/j.1467-9450.1982.tb00439.x citation_title=International review of research in mental retardation; citation_author=Hill, A. L.; citation_author=Ellis, N. R.; citation_publication_date=1978 citation_title=Organization of abilities and the development of intelligence; citation_author=Horn, J. L.; citation_publication_date=1968; citation_journal_title=Psychological Review; citation_volume=75; citation_firstpage=242; citation_doi=10.1037/h0025662 citation_title=Life-span development and behavior; citation_author=Horn, J. L.; citation_author=Baltes, P. B.; citation_publication_date=1978 citation_title=Human intelligence: Perspectives on its theory and measurement; citation_author=Horn, J. L.; citation_author=Sternberg, R. J.; citation_author=Detterman, D. K.; citation_publication_date=1979 citation_title=Intelligence: Genetic and environmental influences; citation_author=Humphreys, L. G.; citation_author=Cancro, Robert; citation_publication_date=1971 citation_title=The construct of general intelligence; citation_author=Humphreys, L. G.; citation_publication_date=1979; citation_journal_title=Intelligence; citation_volume=3; citation_firstpage=105; citation_doi=10.1016/0160-2896(79)90009-6 citation_title=Mechanics of verbal ability; citation_author=Hunt, E. B.; citation_publication_date=1978; citation_journal_title=Psychological Review; citation_volume=85; citation_firstpage=109; citation_doi=10.1037/0033-295X.85.2.109 citation_title=Intelligence as an information-processing concept; citation_author=Hunt, E. B.; citation_publication_date=1980; citation_journal_title=British Journal of Psychology; citation_volume=71; citation_firstpage=449; citation_doi=10.1111/j.2044-8295.1980.tb01760.x Intelligence and its measurement. A symposium. (1921) Journal of Educational Psychology 12:123–47, 195–216, 271–75. [taRJS, LET] citation_title=Adapting tests to the cultural setting: A comment; citation_author=Irvine, S. H.; citation_publication_date=1965; citation_journal_title=Occupational Psychology; citation_volume=39; citation_firstpage=12; citation_lastpage=23 citation_title=Figural tests of reasoning in Africa; citation_author=Irvine, S. H.; citation_publication_date=1969; citation_journal_title=International Journal of Psychology; citation_volume=4; citation_firstpage=217; citation_doi=10.1080/00207596908247272 citation_title=Affect and construct: A cross-cultural check on theories of intelligence; citation_author=Irvine, S. H.; citation_publication_date=1970; citation_journal_title=Journal of Social Psychology; citation_volume=80; citation_firstpage=23; citation_lastpage=30; citation_doi=10.1080/00224545.1970.9712514 citation_title=Cross-cultural contributions to psychology; citation_author=Irvine, S. H.; citation_author=Eckensberger, L.; citation_author=Lonner, W.; citation_author=Poortinga, Y.; citation_publication_date=1979 citation_title=Human assessment and cultural factors; citation_author=Irvine, S. H.; citation_author=Berry, J. W.; citation_publication_date=1983 citation_title=Inequality; citation_author=Jencks, C.; citation_publication_date=1972 citation_title=How much can we boost IQ and scholastic achievement?; citation_author=Jensen, A. R.; citation_publication_date=1969; citation_journal_title=Harvard Educational Review; citation_volume=39; citation_firstpage=1; citation_lastpage=123; citation_doi=10.17763/haer.39.1.l3u15956627424k7 citation_title=Educability and group differences; citation_author=Jensen, A. R.; citation_publication_date=1973 citation_title=g: Outmoded theory or unconquered frontier?; citation_author=Jensen, A. R.; citation_publication_date=1979; citation_journal_title=Creative Science and Technology; citation_volume=2; citation_firstpage=16; citation_lastpage=29 citation_title=Bias in mental testing; citation_author=Jensen, A. R.; citation_publication_date=1980 citation_title=Chronometric analysis of intelligence; citation_author=Jensen, A. R.; citation_publication_date=1980; citation_journal_title=Journal of Social and Biological Structures; citation_volume=3; citation_firstpage=103; citation_doi=10.1016/0140-1750(80)90003-2 citation_title=Advances in the psychology of human intelligence; citation_author=Jensen, A. R.; citation_author=Sternberg, R. J.; citation_publication_date=1982 citation_title=A model for intelligence; citation_author=Jensen, A. R.; citation_author=Eysenck, H. J.; citation_publication_date=1982 citation_title=Reaction time, evoked brain potentials, and psychometric g in the severely retarded; citation_author=Jensen, A. R.; citation_author=Schafer, E. W. P.; citation_author=Crinella, F. M.; citation_publication_date=1981; citation_journal_title=Intelligence; citation_volume=5; citation_firstpage=179; citation_doi=10.1016/0160-2896(81)90008-8 citation_title=A theory of reading: From eye fixations to comprehension; citation_author=Just, M. A.; citation_author=Carpenter, P. A.; citation_publication_date=1980; citation_journal_title=Psychological Review; citation_volume=87; citation_firstpage=329; citation_doi=10.1037/0033-295X.87.4.329 citation_title=Kaufman assessment battery for children (K-ABC); citation_author=Kaufman, A. S.; citation_author=Kaufman, N. L.; citation_publication_date=1983 citation_title=Effect of inducing activity upon performance in an unfamiliar task; citation_author=Kaufmann, G.; citation_author=Raaheim, K.; citation_publication_date=1973; citation_journal_title=Psychological Reports; citation_volume=32; citation_firstpage=303; citation_doi=10.2466/pr0.1973.32.1.303 citation_title=The development of letter processing efficiency; citation_author=Kaye, D. B.; citation_author=Brown, S. W.; citation_author=Post, T. A.; citation_publication_date=1981; citation_journal_title=Memory and Cognition; citation_volume=9; citation_firstpage=132; citation_doi=10.3758/BF03197563 citation_title=Sternberg's sketchy theory: Defining details desired; citation_author=Keating, D. P.; citation_publication_date=1980; citation_journal_title=Behavioral and Brain Sciences; citation_volume=3; citation_firstpage=595; citation_doi=10.1017/S0140525X00007044 citation_title=Advances in the psychology of human intelligence; citation_author=Keating, D. P.; citation_author=Sternberg, R. J.; citation_publication_date=1984 citation_title=Individual and developmental differences in cognitive-processing components of mental ability; citation_author=Keating, D. P.; citation_author=Bobbitt, B. L.; citation_publication_date=1978; citation_journal_title=Child Development; citation_volume=49; citation_firstpage=155; citation_doi=10.2307/1128604 Keil F. C. (in press) Mechanisms in cognitive development and the structure of knowledge. In: Mechanisms of cognitive development, ed. Sternberg R. J. . Freeman. [taRJS] citation_title=Toward a theory of automatic information processing in reading; citation_author=LaBerge, D.; citation_author=Samuels, J.; citation_publication_date=1974; citation_journal_title=Cognitive Psychology; citation_volume=6; citation_firstpage=293; citation_lastpage=323; citation_doi=10.1016/0010-0285(74)90015-2 citation_title=Handbook of human intelligence; citation_author=Sternberg, R. J.; citation_publication_date=1982 citation_title=Handbook of child psychology:; citation_author=Mussen, P.; citation_publication_date=1983 citation_title=Life-span development and behavior; citation_author=Labouvie-Vief, G.; citation_author=Chandler, M.; citation_author=Baltes, P. B.; citation_publication_date=1978 citation_title=Ability factors and cognitive processes; citation_author=Lansman, M.; citation_author=Donaldson, C.; citation_author=Hunt, E.; citation_author=Yantis, S.; citation_publication_date=1982; citation_journal_title=Intelligence; citation_volume=6; citation_firstpage=331; citation_doi=10.1016/0160-2896(82)90024-1 citation_title=Expert and novice performance in solving physics problems; citation_author=Larkin, J.; citation_author=McDermott, J.; citation_author=Simon, D. P.; citation_author=Simon, H. A.; citation_publication_date=1980; citation_journal_title=Science; citation_volume=208; citation_firstpage=1335; citation_doi=10.1126/science.208.4450.1335 citation_title=Locus of control: Current trends in theory and research; citation_author=Lefcourt, H. M.; citation_publication_date=1976 citation_title=Goal setting and task performance: 1969–1980; citation_author=Locke, E. A.; citation_author=Shaw, K. N.; citation_author=Saari, L. M.; citation_author=Latham, G. P.; citation_publication_date=1981; citation_journal_title=Psychological Bulletin; citation_volume=90; citation_firstpage=125; citation_doi=10.1037/0033-2909.90.1.125 citation_title=Wechsler's measurement and appraisal of adult intelligence; citation_author=Matarazzo, J. D.; citation_publication_date=1972 citation_title=Structural differences between learning outcomes produced by different instructional methods; citation_author=Mayer, R.; citation_author=Greeno, J. G.; citation_publication_date=1972; citation_journal_title=Journal of Educational Psychology; citation_volume=63; citation_firstpage=165; citation_doi=10.1037/h0032654 citation_title=Testing for competence rather than for “intelligence.”; citation_author=McClelland, D. C.; citation_publication_date=1973; citation_journal_title=American Psychologist; citation_volume=28; citation_firstpage=1; citation_lastpage=14; citation_doi=10.1037/h0034092 citation_title=Labelling the mentally retarded; citation_author=Mercer, J. R.; citation_publication_date=1973 citation_title=Mental tests and cultural adaptation; citation_author=Mellenbergh, G. J.; citation_author=Cronbach, L. J.; citation_author=Drenth, P. J. D.; citation_publication_date=1972 citation_title=Human assessment and cultural factors; citation_author=Mellenbergh, G. J.; citation_author=Irvine, S. H.; citation_author=Berry, J. W.; citation_publication_date=1983 citation_title=Contributions to intelligence testing and the theory of intelligence. 1. On defining intelligence; citation_author=Miles, R. T.; citation_publication_date=1957; citation_journal_title=British Journal of Educational Psychology; citation_volume=27; citation_firstpage=153; citation_doi=10.1111/j.2044-8279.1957.tb01407.x citation_title=Beyond déjè vu in the search for cross-situational consistency; citation_author=Mischel, W.; citation_author=Peake, P. K.; citation_publication_date=1982; citation_journal_title=Psychological Review; citation_volume=42; citation_firstpage=518 citation_title=Components of geometric analogy solution; citation_author=Mulholland, T. M.; citation_author=Pellegrino, J. W.; citation_author=Claser, R.; citation_publication_date=1980; citation_journal_title=Cognitive Psychology; citation_volume=12; citation_firstpage=252; citation_doi=10.1016/0010-0285(80)90011-0 citation_title=Cognition and reality: Principles and implications of cognitive psychology; citation_author=Neisser, U.; citation_publication_date=1976 citation_title=The concept of intelligence; citation_author=Neisser, U.; citation_publication_date=1979; citation_journal_title=Intelligence; citation_volume=3; citation_firstpage=217; citation_doi=10.1016/0160-2896(79)90018-7 citation_title=Human problem solving; citation_author=Newell, A.; citation_author=Simon, H.; citation_publication_date=1972 citation_title=Spatial cognition: On the structure and development of mental representations of spatial relations; citation_author=Olson, D.; citation_author=Bialystok, E.; citation_publication_date=1983 citation_title=Human information processing: Tutorials in performance and cognition; citation_author=Pachella, R. G.; citation_author=Kantowitz, B. H.; citation_publication_date=1974 citation_title=Human intelligence: Perspectives on its theory and measurement; citation_author=Pellegrino, J. W.; citation_author=Glaser, R.; citation_author=Sternberg, R.; citation_author=Detterman, D. K.; citation_publication_date=1979 citation_title=Aptitude, learning and instruction: Cognitive process analyses of aptitude; citation_author=Pellegrino, J. W.; citation_author=Glaser, R.; citation_author=Snow, R.; citation_author=Federico, P. A.; citation_author=Montague, W.; citation_publication_date=1980 citation_title=Advances in the psychology of intelligence; citation_author=Pellegrino, J. W.; citation_author=Kail, R.; citation_author=Sternberg, R. J.; citation_publication_date=1982 citation_title=World hypotheses; citation_author=Pepper, S. C.; citation_publication_date=1970 Perfetti C. (in press) Reading ability. In: Human abilities: An information-processing approach, ed. Sternberg R. J. . Freeman. [taRJS] citation_title=Biologie et connaissance; citation_author=Piaget, J.; citation_publication_date=1967 citation_title=The psychology of intelligence; citation_author=Piaget, J.; citation_publication_date=1972 citation_title=Adaptation vitale et psychologic de I'intelligence; citation_author=Piaget, J.; citation_publication_date=1974 citation_title=Le comportement, moteur de I'évolution; citation_author=Piaget, J.; citation_publication_date=1976 Poortinga Y. (1971) Cross-cultural comparison of maximum performance tests: Some methodological aspects and some experiments with simple auditory stimuli. Psychologia Africana: Monograph Supplement no. 6. [SHI] citation_title=Human assessment and cultural factors; citation_author=Poortinga, Y.; citation_author=Irvine, S. H.; citation_author=Berry, J. W.; citation_publication_date=1983 citation_title=Chronometric analysis of classification; citation_author=Posner, M. I.; citation_author=Mitchell, R. F.; citation_publication_date=1967; citation_journal_title=Psychological Review; citation_volume=74; citation_firstpage=392; citation_lastpage=409; citation_doi=10.1037/h0024913 citation_title=Thinking and experience; citation_author=Price, H. H.; citation_publication_date=1953 Raaheim K. (1961) Problem solving: A new approach. Acta Universitatis Bergensis. Series Humaniorum Litterarum, No. 5. [KR] citation_title=Problem solving and intelligence; citation_author=Raaheim, K.; citation_publication_date=1974 Raaheim K. (in press) Why intelligence is not enough. Bergen, Norway: Sigma Forlag. [KR] citation_title=Level of activity and success in solving an unfamiliar task; citation_author=Raaheim, K.; citation_author=Kaufmann, G.; citation_publication_date=1972; citation_journal_title=Psychological Reports; citation_volume=30; citation_firstpage=271; citation_doi=10.2466/pr0.1972.30.1.271 citation_title=The nature of intelligence; citation_author=Resnick, L. B.; citation_publication_date=1976 citation_title=Etude des insuffisances psychologies. 1. Méthodes et problèmes; citation_author=Rey, A.; citation_publication_date=1946 citation_title=lnterprétation de dessins et développement psychologique; citation_author=Rey, A.; citation_publication_date=1962 citation_title=Connaissance de I'individu par les tests; citation_author=Rey, A.; citation_publication_date=1963 citation_title=Advances in developmental psychology; citation_author=Rogoff, B.; citation_author=Lamb, M. E.; citation_author=Brown, A. L.; citation_publication_date=1982 Rogoff B. & Mistry J. (in press) Memory development in cultural context. In: The cognitive side of memory development, ed. Pressley M. & Brainerd C. J. . Springer-Verlag. [BR] citation_title=Testing for children: Assessment and the many determinants of intellectual competence; citation_author=Scarr, S.; citation_publication_date=1981; citation_journal_title=American Psychologist; citation_volume=36; citation_firstpage=1159; citation_doi=10.1037/0003-066X.36.10.1159 citation_title=How much intelligence is there in artificial intelligence?; citation_author=Shank, R.; citation_publication_date=1980; citation_journal_title=Intelligence; citation_volume=4; citation_firstpage=1; citation_lastpage=14; citation_doi=10.1016/0160-2896(80)90002-1 citation_title=Controlled and automated human information processing: 1. Detection, search, and attention; citation_author=Schneider, W.; citation_author=Shiffrin, R.; citation_publication_date=1977; citation_journal_title=Psychological Review; citation_volume=84; citation_firstpage=1; citation_lastpage=66; citation_doi=10.1037/0033-295X.84.1.1 citation_title=The psychology of literacy; citation_author=Scribner, S.; citation_author=Cole, M.; citation_publication_date=1981 citation_title=Helplessness; citation_author=Seligman, M. E. P.; citation_publication_date=1975 citation_title=Correlation between reaction time and intelligence in psychometrically similar groups in America and India; citation_author=Sen, A.; citation_author=Jensen, A. R.; citation_author=Sen, A. K.; citation_author=Arora, I.; citation_publication_date=1983; citation_journal_title=Applied Research in Mental Retardation; citation_volume=4; citation_firstpage=139; citation_doi=10.1016/0270-3092(83)90006-1 citation_title=Controlled and automatic processing: 2. Perceptual learning, automatic attending, and a general theory; citation_author=Shiffrin, R. M.; citation_author=Schneider, W.; citation_publication_date=1977; citation_journal_title=Psychological Review; citation_volume=84; citation_firstpage=127; citation_doi=10.1037/0033-295X.84.2.127 citation_title=Developmental sequences within and between concepts; citation_author=Siegler, R. S.; citation_publication_date=1981; citation_journal_title=Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development; citation_volume=46; citation_doi=10.2307/1165995 citation_title=The nature of intelligence; citation_author=Simon, H. A.; citation_author=Resnick, L. B.; citation_publication_date=1976 citation_title=Contingencies of reinforcement; citation_author=Skinner, B. F.; citation_publication_date=1969 citation_title=Selection by consequences; citation_author=Skinner, B. F.; citation_publication_date=1981; citation_journal_title=Science; citation_volume=213; citation_firstpage=501; citation_doi=10.1126/science.7244649 citation_title=Human intelligence: Perspectives on its theory and measurement; citation_author=Snow, R. E.; citation_author=Sternberg, R. J.; citation_author=Detterman, D. K.; citation_publication_date=1979 citation_title=Intelligence and learning; citation_author=Snow, R. E.; citation_author=Friedman, M.; citation_author=Das, J. P.; citation_author=O'Conner, N.; citation_publication_date=1981 citation_title=The abilities of man; citation_author=Spearman, C.; citation_publication_date=1927 citation_title=The evolution of intelligence: A general theory and some of its implications; citation_author=Stenhouse, D.; citation_publication_date=1973 citation_title=Component processes in analogical reasoning; citation_author=Sternberg, R. J.; citation_publication_date=1977; citation_journal_title=Psychological Review; citation_volume=84; citation_firstpage=353; citation_doi=10.1037/0033-295X.84.4.353 citation_title=Intelligence, information processing, and analogical reasoning: The componential analysis of human abilities; citation_author=Sternberg, R. J.; citation_publication_date=1977 citation_title=Isolating the components of intelligence; citation_author=Sternberg, R. J.; citation_publication_date=1978; citation_journal_title=Intelligence; citation_volume=2; citation_firstpage=117; citation_doi=10.1016/0160-2896(78)90003-X citation_title=Factor theories of intelligence are all right almost; citation_author=Sternberg, R. J.; citation_publication_date=1980; citation_journal_title=Educational Researcher; citation_volume=9; citation_firstpage=6; citation_lastpage=13; citation_doi=10.3102/0013189X009008006 citation_title=Sketch of a componential subtheory of human intelligence; citation_author=Sternberg, R. J.; citation_publication_date=1980; citation_journal_title=Behavioral and Brain Sciences; citation_volume=3; citation_firstpage=573; citation_doi=10.1017/S0140525X00006932 citation_title=Intelligence and nonentrenchment; citation_author=Sternberg, R. J.; citation_publication_date=1981; citation_journal_title=Journal of Educational Psychology; citation_volume=73; citation_firstpage=1; citation_lastpage=16; citation_doi=10.1037/0022-0663.73.1.1 citation_title=Novelty-seeking, novelty-finding, and the developmental continuity of intelligence; citation_author=Sternberg, R. J.; citation_publication_date=1981; citation_journal_title=Intelligence; citation_volume=5; citation_firstpage=149; citation_doi=10.1016/0160-2896(81)90005-2 citation_title=Advances in the psychology of human intelligence; citation_author=Sternberg, R. J.; citation_author=Sternberg, R. J.; citation_publication_date=1982 citation_title=Natural, unnatural, and supernatural concepts; citation_author=Sternberg, R. J.; citation_publication_date=1982; citation_journal_title=Cognitive Psychology; citation_volume=14; citation_firstpage=451; citation_doi=10.1016/0010-0285(82)90016-0 Sternberg R. J. (in press) Beyond IQ: A triarchic theory of human intelligence. Cambridge University Press. [JBC, tarRJS, PEV, SRY] citation_title=People's conceptions of intelligence; citation_author=Sternberg, R. J.; citation_author=Conway, B. E.; citation_author=Ketron, J. L.; citation_author=Bernstein, M.; citation_publication_date=1981; citation_journal_title=Journal of Personality and Social Psychology; citation_volume=41; citation_firstpage=37; citation_lastpage=55; citation_doi=10.1037/0022-3514.41.1.37 citation_title=The mind of the puzzler; citation_author=Sternberg, R. J.; citation_author=Davidson, J. E.; citation_publication_date=1982; citation_journal_title=Psychology Today; citation_volume=16; citation_firstpage=37; citation_lastpage=44 citation_title=Insight in the gifted; citation_author=Sternberg, R. J.; citation_author=Davidson, J. E.; citation_publication_date=1983; citation_journal_title=Educational Psychologist; citation_volume=18; citation_firstpage=51; citation_lastpage=57; citation_doi=10.1080/00461528309529261 citation_title=Unities in inductive reasoning; citation_author=Sternberg, R. J.; citation_author=Gardner, M. K.; citation_publication_date=1983; citation_journal_title=Journal of Experimental Psychology: General; citation_volume=112; citation_firstpage=80; citation_lastpage=116; citation_doi=10.1037/0096-3445.112.1.80 citation_title=Handbook of human intelligence; citation_author=Sternberg, R. J.; citation_author=Powell, J. S.; citation_author=Sternberg, R. J.; citation_publication_date=1982 citation_title=Comprehending verbal comprehension; citation_author=Sternberg, R. J.; citation_author=Powell, J. S.; citation_publication_date=1983; citation_journal_title=American Psychologist; citation_volume=38; citation_firstpage=878; citation_doi=10.1037/0003-066X.38.8.878 citation_title=The development of analogical reasoning processes; citation_author=Sternberg, R. J.; citation_author=Rifkin, B.; citation_publication_date=1979; citation_journal_title=Journal of Experimental Child Psychology; citation_volume=27; citation_firstpage=195; citation_lastpage=232; citation_doi=10.1016/0022-0965(79)90044-4 citation_title=Handbook of human intelligence; citation_author=Sternberg, R. J.; citation_author=Salter, W.; citation_author=Sternberg, R. J.; citation_publication_date=1982 citation_title=Automatization failure in learning disabilities; citation_author=Sternberg, R. J.; citation_author=Wagner, R. K.; citation_publication_date=1982; citation_journal_title=Topics in Learning and Learning Disabilities; citation_volume=2; citation_firstpage=1; citation_lastpage=11 citation_title=An aptitude-strategy interaction in linear syllogistic reasoning; citation_author=Sternberg, R. J.; citation_author=Weil, E. M.; citation_publication_date=1980; citation_journal_title=Journal of Educational Psychology; citation_volume=72; citation_firstpage=226; citation_doi=10.1037/0022-0663.72.2.226 citation_title=The discovery of processing stages: Extensions ofDonclers' method; citation_author=Sternbcrg, S.; citation_publication_date=1969; citation_journal_title=Acta Psychologica; citation_volume=30; citation_firstpage=276; citation_lastpage=315; citation_doi=10.1016/0001-6918(69)90055-9 citation_title=Justification and the psychology of human reasoning; citation_author=Stich, S.; citation_author=Nisbett, R.; citation_publication_date=1980; citation_journal_title=Philosophy of Science; citation_volume=47; citation_firstpage=188; citation_lastpage=202; citation_doi=10.1086/288928 citation_title=Gified children: Psychological and educational perspectives; citation_author=Tannenbaum, A. J.; citation_publication_date=1983 citation_title=The nature of intelligence; citation_author=Thurstone, L. L.; citation_publication_date=1924 citation_title=Tests of primary mental abilities; citation_author=Thurstone, L. L.; citation_author=Thurstone, T. G.; citation_publication_date=1962 citation_title=1979 Nebraska Symposium on Motivation; citation_author=Triandis, H. C.; citation_author=Howe, H. E.; citation_author=Page, M. M.; citation_publication_date=1980 citation_title=Psychology in the making; citation_author=Tuddenham, R. D.; citation_author=Postman, L.; citation_publication_date=1963 citation_title=Expiscations in cross-cultural psychology; citation_author=van der Flier, H.; citation_author=Dercsowski, J. B.; citation_author=Dziurawiec, S.; citation_author=Annis, R. S.; citation_publication_date=1983 citation_title=Reaction time and intelligence in the mentally retarded; citation_author=Vernon, P. A.; citation_publication_date=1981; citation_journal_title=Intelligence; citation_volume=5; citation_firstpage=345; citation_doi=10.1016/0160-2896(81)90025-8 citation_title=Speed of information processing and general intelligence; citation_author=Vernon, P. A.; citation_publication_date=1983; citation_journal_title=Intelligence; citation_volume=7; citation_firstpage=53; citation_lastpage=70; citation_doi=10.1016/0160-2896(83)90006-5 citation_title=Intelligence: Heredity and environment; citation_author=Vernon, P. E.; citation_publication_date=1979 Wagner R. K. & Sternberg R. J. (1983) Executive control of reading. Manuscript submitted for publication. Wagner R. K. & Sternberg R. J. (in press) Practical intelligence in real world pursuits: the role of tacit knowledge. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. citation_title=The measurement and appraisal of adult intelligence; citation_author=Wechsler, D.; citation_publication_date=1958 Werner H. & Kaplan E. (1952) The acquisition of word meanings: Adevelopmental study. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, No. 51. [taRJS] citation_title=Motivation reconsidered: The concept of competence; citation_author=White, R. W.; citation_publication_date=1959; citation_journal_title=Psychological Review; citation_volume=66; citation_firstpage=297; citation_lastpage=333; citation_doi=10.1037/h0040934 citation_title=Advances in experimental clinical psychology; citation_author=Zigler, E.; citation_author=Adams, H. E.; citation_author=Boardman, W. K.; citation_publication_date=1971 citation_title=Advances in cognitive developmental theory; citation_author=Zimmerman, B. J.; citation_author=Brainerd, C. J.; citation_publication_date=1983