Cultural Stress, Emotional well-being, and Health Risk Behaviors among Recent Immigrant Latinx families: The Moderating Role of Perceived Neighborhood Characteristics

Achenbach, T. M., & Rescorla, L. A. (2002). Manual for the ASEBA adult forms and profiles. Burlington: Research Center for Children, Youth, and Families, University of Vermont.

Agresti, A. (2007). An introduction to categorical data analysis. 2nd ed New York, NY: Wiley.

Behnke, A. O., Plunkett, S. W., Sands, T., & Bámaca-Colbert, M. Y. (2011). The relationship between Latino adolescents’ perceptions of discrimination, neighborhood risk, and parenting on self-esteem and depressive symptoms. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 42, 1179–1197. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022110383424 .

Cano, M. Á., Schwartz, S. J., Castillo, L. G., Romero, A. J., Huang, S., Lorenzo-Blanco, E. I., Unger, J. B., Zamboanga, B. L., Des Rosiers, S. E., Baezconde-Garbanati, L., Lizzi, K. M., Soto, D. W., Oshri, A., Villamar, J. A., Pattarroyo, M., & Szapocznik, J. (2015). Depressive symptoms and externalizing behaviors among Hispanic immigrant adolescents: examining longitudinal effects of cultural stress. Journal of Adolescence, 42, 31–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2015.03.017 .

Ceballo, R., Kennedy, T. M., Bregman, A., & Epstein-Ngo, Q. (2012). Always aware (Siempre pendiente): Latina mothers’ parenting in high-risk neighborhoods. Journal of Family Psychology, 26, 805–815. https://doi.org/10.1037/a00295584 .

Cervantes, R. C., Fisher, D. G., Co ´rdova, Jr, D., & Napper, L. E. (2012). The Hispanic Stress Inventory—adolescent version: A culturally informed psychosocial assessment. Psychological Assessment, 24(1), 187 https://doi.org/10.1037/a0025280.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. [Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance – United States, 2017]. MMWR; 67(8).

Chavez, L. (2013). The Latino threat. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Coleman, J. C. (2011). The nature of adolescence. 4th ed New York: Routlege.

Cutrona, C. E., Russell, D. W., Brown, P. A., Clark, L. A., Hessling, R. M., & Gardner, K. A. (2005). Neighborhood context, personality, and stressful life events as predictors of depression among African American women. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 114, 3–15. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.114.1.3 .

Davey, A. & Savla, J. (2010). Statistical power analysis with missing data: A structural equation model approach. New York, NY: Routledge Taylor and Francis Group.

Dick, D. M., Adkins, A. E., Sally, I., & Kuo, C. (2016). Genetic influences on adolescent behavior. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 70, 198–205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.07.007 .

Edwards, L. M., Ong, A. D., & Lopez, S. J. (2007). Hope measurement in Mexican American youth. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 29, 225–241. https://doi.org/10.1177/0739986307299692 .

Fry, R., & Passel, J. (2009). Latino children: A majority are U.S. born-born offspring of immigrants. Washington, DC: Pew Hispanic Center.

Garcia Coll, C., Crnic, K., Lamberty, G., Wasik, B. H., Jenkins, R., Garcia, H. V., & McAdoo, H. P. (1996). An integrative model for the study of developmental competencies in minority children. Child Development, 67(5), 1891–1914.

Garcia-Coll & Marks (2012). The immigrant paradox in children and adolescence: Is becoming American a developmental risk? American Psychological Association, Washington, DC.

Gassman‐Pines, A. (2015). Effects of Mexican immigrant parents’ daily workplace discrimination on child behavior and family functioning. Child Development, 4, 1175–1190. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12378 .

Gibson, C.L., & Miller, H.V. (2010). Crime and victimization among Hispanic adolescents: A multilevel longitudinal study of acculturation and segmented assimilation. A Final Report for the WEB Du Bois Fellowship Submitted to the National Institute of Justice. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice.

Glymour, M. M., Weuve, J., Berkman, L. F., Kawachi, I., & Robins, J. M. (2005). When is baseline adjustment useful in analyses of change? An example with education and cognitive change. American Journal of Epidemiology, 162(3), 267–278.

Gonzales, N. A., Coxe, S., Roosa, M. W., White, R. M., Knight, G. P., Zeiders, K. H., & Saenz, D. (2011). Economic hardship, neighborhood context, and parenting: Prospective effects on Mexican–American adolescent’s mental health. American Journal of Community Psychology, 47, 98–113. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10464-010-9366-1 .

Gorman-Smith, D, Tolan, P. H., & Henry, D. (1999). The relation of community and family to risk among urban-poor adolescents. Historical and geographical influences on psychopathology. In: P. Cohen, L. Robins, C. Slomkowski, (eds.) Where and when: Influence of historical time and place on aspects of psychopathology (pp. 349–367). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

Hayes, A. F. (2013). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach. New York: Guilford Publications.

Johnston, L. D., O’Malley, P. M., Miech, R. A., Bachman, J. G., & Schlenberg, J. G. (2015). Monitoring the future national results on adolescent drug use: Overview of key findings. Ann Arbor, MI: Institute for Social Research, The University of Michigan.

Kauermann, G., & Carroll, R. J. (2001). A note on the efficiency of sandwich covariance matrix estimation. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 96, 1387–1396.

Lardier Jr, D.T., MacDonnell, M., Barrios, V.R., Garcia-Reid, P., & Reid, R.J. (2017). The moderating effect of neighborhood sense of community on predictors of substance use among Hispanic urban youth. Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse, 1–26. https://doi.org/10.1080/15332640.2016.1273810

Leventhal, T., & Brooks-Gunn, J. (2003). Moving to opportunity: An experimental study of neighborhood effects on mental health. American Journal of Public Health, 93(9), 1576–1582. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.93.9.1576 .

Little, T. D. (2013). Longitudinal structural equation modeling. New York: Guilford Press.

Lorenzo-BlancoE.I., MecaA., UngerJ.B., RomeroA., SzapocznikJ., & Piña-WatsonB., & Schwartz, S.J. (2016a). Longitudinal effects of Latino parent cultural stress, depressive symptoms, and family functioning on youth emotional well‐being and health risk behaviors. Family Process, 56(4), 1–16.

Lorenzo-Blanco, E. I., Meca, A., Unger, J. B., Romero, A., Gonzales-Backen, M., Piña-Watson, B., & Schwartz, S. J. (2016b). Latino parent acculturation stress: Longitudinal effects on family functioning and youth emotional and behavioral health. Journal of Family Psychology, 30, 966–976.

Lorenzo‐Blanco, Elma I., Alan Meca, Brandy Piña‐Watson, Byron L. Zamboanga, José Szapocznik, Miguel Angel Cano, David Cordova, et al. (2017). Longitudinal trajectories of family functioning among recent immigrant adolescents and parents: Links with adolescent and parent cultural stress, emotional well‐being, and behavioral health. Child Development.

Lorenzo-Blanco, E. I., & Unger, J. B. (2015). Ethnic discrimination, acculturative stress, and family conflict as predictors of depressive symptoms and cigarette smoking among Latina/o youth: The mediating role of perceived stress. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 44, 1984–1997. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-015-0339-4 .

Muthén, B., & Asparouhov, T. (2002). Using Mplus Monte Carlo simulations in practice: A note on non-normal missing data in latent variable models. Version 2.

Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. O. (1998-2012). Mplus User's Guide Statistical Analysis with Latent Variables(7th ed.). Los Angeles, CA Muthén & Muthén.

Nair, R. L., White, R. M., Roosa, M. W., & Zeiders, K. H. (2013). Cultural stressors and mental health symptoms among Mexican Americans: A prospective study examining the impact of the family and neighborhood context. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 42, 1611–1623. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-012-9834-z .

Pearlin, L.I., Menaghan, E.G., Lieberman, M.A., & Mullan, J.T. (1981). The stress process. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 22(4), 337–356.

Rodríguez, N. (2012). New Southern Neighbors: Latino immigration and prospects for intergroup relations between African-Americans and Latinos in the South. Latino Studies, 10, 18–40. https://doi.org/10.1057/lst.2012.1 .

Suárez-Orozco, C., Suárez-Orozco, M.M., & Todorova, I. (2009). Learning a new land. Harvard University Press. Cambridge, Massachusetts.

Peña, L., Lorenzo-Blanco, E. I., Perez, A., Morello, P., Arillo Santillán, E., Kollath-Cattano, C., & Mejia, R. (2017). Parental style and its association with substance use in Argentinean youth. Substance Use & Misuse, 52, 518–526. https://doi.org/10.1080/10826084.2016.1245337 .

Pérez, D. J., Fortuna, L., & Alegría, M. (2008). Prevalence and correlates of everyday discrimination among U.S. Latinos. Journal of Community Psychology, 36, 421–433. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcop.20221 .

Perreira, K. M., Chapman, M. V., & Stein, G. L. (2006). Becoming an American parent overcoming challenges and finding strength in a new immigrant Latino community. Journal of Family Issues, 27, 1383–1414. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192513X06290041 .

Phinney, J. S., Madden, T., & Santos, L. J. (1998). Psychological variables as predictors of perceived ethnic discrimination among minority and immigrant adolescents. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 28, 937–953. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.1998.tb01661.x .

Radloff, L. S. (1977). The CES-D scale a self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Applied Psychological Measurement, 1, 385–401. https://doi.org/10.1177/014662167700100306 .

Rodriguez, N., Myers, H. F., Mira, C. B., Flores, T., & Garcia-Hernandez, L. (2002). Development of the multidimensional acculturative stress inventory for adults of Mexican origin. Psychological Assessment, 14, 451–461. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.14.4.451 .

Romero, A. J., Pina-Watson, B., & Toomey, R. B. (2018). When is bicultural stress associated with loss of hope and depressive symptoms? Variation by ethnic identity status among Mexican descent youth. Journal of Latina/o Psychology, 6(1), 49.

Romero, A. J., & Roberts, R. (2003). Stress within a bicultural context for adolescents of Mexican descent. Cultural Minority and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 9, 171–184. https://doi.org/10.1037/1099-9809.9.2.171 .

Sampson, R. J., Raudenbush, S. W., & Earls, F. (1997). Neighborhoods and violent crime: A multilevel study of collective efficacy. Science, 277, 918–924.

Santos, C. (2017). The history, struggles and potential of the term Latinx. Latina/o Psychology Today, 4(2), 7–14.

Schwartz, S. J., Unger, J. B., Lorenzo-Blanco, E. I., Des Rosiers, S. E., Villamar, J. A., Soto, D. W., Pattarroyo, M., Baezconde-Garbanati, L., & Szapocznik, J. (2014). Perceived context of reception among recent Hispanic immigrants: Conceptualization, instrument development, and preliminary validation. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 20, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0033391 .

Schwartz, S. J., Unger, J. B., Baezconde-Garbanati, L., Zamboanga, B. L., Lorenzo-Blanco, E. I., Des Rosiers, S. E., Romero, A. J., Cano, M. A., Gonzales-Backen, M. A., Córdova, D., Piña-Watson, B. M., Huang, S., Villamar, J. A., Soto, D. W., Pattarroyo, M., & Szapocznik, J. (2015). Trajectories of cultural stressors and effects on mental health and substance use among Hispanic immigrant adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Health, 56, 433–439. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2014.12.011 .

Schmitt, D. P., & Allik, J. (2005). Simultaneous administration of the Rosenberg self-esteem scale in 53 nations: Exploring the universal and culture-specific features of global self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89, 623–642. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.89.4.623 .

Torres, L., Driscoll, M. W., & Voell, M. (2012). Discrimination, acculturation, acculturative stress, and Latino psychological distress: A moderated mediational model. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 18, 17–25. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0026710 .

Turner, C. F., Ku, L., Rogers, S. M., Lindberg, L. B., Pleck, J. H., & Sonsenstein, L. H. (1998). Adolescent sexual behavior, drug use, and violence: Increased reporting with computer survey technology. Science, 280, 867–873. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.280.5365.867 .

U.S. Census Bureau (2017). Hispanic Heritage Month 2017. Profile America Facts for Features (CB17-FF.17). https://www.census.gov/newsroom/facts-for-features/2017/hispanic-heritage.html

Vega, W. A., Ang, A., Rodriguez, M. A., & Finch, B. K. (2011). Neighborhood protective effects on depression in Latinos. American Journal of Community Psychology, 47, 114–126. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10464-010-9370-5 .

White, R., Roosa, M. W., & Zeiders, K. H. (2012). Neighborhood and family intersections: Prospective implications for Mexican American adolescents’ mental health. Journal of Family Psychology, 26, 793 https://doi.org/10.1037/a0029426 .

Willis, G. B. (2005). Cognitive interviewing: A tool for improving questionnaire design. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.