Cryptococcal Interactions with the Host Immune System

American Society for Microbiology - Tập 9 Số 6 - Trang 835-846 - 2010
Kerstin Voelz1, Robin C. May1
1School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom

Tóm tắt

ABSTRACTOpportunistic pathogens have become of increasing medical importance over the last decade due to the AIDS pandemic. Not only is cryptococcosis the fourth-most-common fatal infectious disease in sub-Saharan Africa, but alsoCryptococcusis an emerging pathogen of immunocompetent individuals. The interaction betweenCryptococcusand the host's immune system is a major determinant for the outcome of disease. Despite initial infection in early childhood withCryptococcus neoformansand frequent exposure toC. neoformanswithin the environment, immunocompetent individuals are generally able to contain the fungus or maintain the yeast in a latent state. However, immune deficiencies lead to disseminating infections that are uniformly fatal without rapid clinical intervention. This review will discuss the innate and adaptive immune responses toCryptococcusand cryptococcal strategies to evade the host's defense mechanisms. It will also address the importance of these strategies in pathogenesis and the potential of immunotherapy in cryptococcosis treatment.

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American Society for Microbiology

Tập 9 Số 6

835-846

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