Biến động giáo dục giữa các quốc gia: thay đổi cấu trúc hay nâng cao kỹ năng trong ngành?

Journal of Economic Growth - Tập 15 - Trang 205-233 - 2010
Lutz Hendricks1,2,3
1Department of Economics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
2CESifo Munich, Germany
3CFS, Frankfurt, Germany

Tóm tắt

Trình độ giáo dục khác nhau rất nhiều giữa các quốc gia và trong nội bộ các quốc gia theo thời gian. Bài báo này đặt ra câu hỏi liệu sự biến động trong giáo dục chủ yếu do thành phần ngành nghề hay do cường độ kỹ năng bên trong ngành. Phát hiện chính là sự biến động bên trong ngành nghề chiếm ít nhất hai phần ba sự biến động trình độ giáo dục giữa các quốc gia và theo chuỗi thời gian. Sự chênh lệch giáo dục bên trong ngành nghề phù hợp rộng rãi với một mô hình khác biệt về năng suất lao động có kỹ năng giữa các quốc gia mà không thể coi nhẹ ngành. Những kết quả này gợi ý rằng các lý thuyết về phát triển giáo dục nên tập trung vào việc nâng cao kỹ năng trong các ngành nghề thay vì thay đổi cấu trúc.

Từ khóa

#giáo dục #trình độ giáo dục #biến động quốc tế #nâng cao kỹ năng #phát triển giáo dục #năng suất lao động

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