Tiêu thụ chất béo chuyển hóa qua các thế hệ ủng hộ hành vi tự sử dụng Amphetamine và thay đổi biểu hiện phân tử của BDNF, DAT, và thụ thể D1/D2 ở vỏ não và hippocampus của chuột

Neurotoxicity Research - Tập 28 - Trang 319-331 - 2015
Fábio Teixeira Kuhn1, Verônica Tironi Dias1, Karine Roversi2, Luciana Taschetto Vey3, Daniele Leão de Freitas2, Camila Simonetti Pase1, Katiane Roversi1, Juliana Cristina Veit1, Tatiana Emanuelli1,4, Marilise Escobar Bürger1,3,2
1Pharmacology Post Graduation Program, Physiology and Pharmacology Department, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
2Departamento de Fisiologia E Farmacologia, UFSM, Santa Maria, Brazil
3Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, UFSM, Santa Maria, Brazil
4Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia dos Alimentos, UFSM, Santa Maria, Brazil

Tóm tắt

Amphetamine (AMPH) là một loại thuốc kích thích tâm lý gây nghiện, việc sử dụng nó liên quan đến độc tính thần kinh. Trong các thí nghiệm, AMPH làm tăng các triệu chứng tương tự lo âu, cho thấy các tính chất gây nghiện. Trong vài thập kỷ qua, việc tiêu thụ thực phẩm chế biến sẵn ngày càng tăng đã cung cấp một lượng chất béo bão hòa và chất béo chuyển hóa (TFA) dư thừa, ảnh hưởng đến axit béo thiết yếu, điều này có thể làm biến đổi hồ sơ lipid của màng não, từ đó thay đổi tính thấm của nó và dẫn truyền thần kinh dopaminergic. Trong nghiên cứu này, chúng tôi đã đánh giá ảnh hưởng của việc tích hợp các axit béo khác nhau vào não đối với hành vi tự sử dụng AMPH. Ba nhóm chuột đực trẻ đã được bổ sung qua đường miệng từ khi cai sữa bằng một hỗn hợp dầu đậu nành (SO, giàu axit béo n-6) và dầu cá (FO, giàu axit béo n-3), chất béo thực vật hydro hóa (HVF, giàu chất béo chuyển hóa—TFA), hoặc nước (nhóm đối chứng). Những con vật này được sinh ra từ những con cái đã được bổ sung cùng loại chất béo từ khi mang thai đến lúc cho con bú. Các triệu chứng tương tự lo âu và chỉ số vận động đã được đánh giá trong bẫy nâng cao và trường mở (OF), tương ứng, trong khi các biểu hiện phân tử của thụ thể dopaminergic, transporter dopamine (DAT) và BDNF đã được xác định trong vỏ não và hippocampus. HVF đã làm tăng tần suất tự sử dụng AMPH và liên quan đến các dấu hiệu củng cố và rút lui như được quan sát thấy qua sự gia tăng các triệu chứng lo âu. Ngược lại, SO/FO đã làm giảm các thông số này. Tăng protein BDNF cùng với giảm biểu hiện DAT đã được quan sát thấy trong hippocampus của nhóm HVF. Dựa trên những phát hiện này, nghiên cứu của chúng tôi chỉ ra ảnh hưởng có hại của chất béo chuyển hóa đến chứng nghiện ma túy và triệu chứng thèm thuốc, cơ chế này có thể liên quan đến sự thay đổi trong dẫn truyền thần kinh dopaminergic.

Từ khóa

#Amphetamine #chất béo chuyển hóa #nghiện #dẫn truyền thần kinh dopaminergic #BDNF #DAT.

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