Đánh giá có tính chất phê bình về ứng dụng của biochar trong hạ tầng kỹ thuật địa chất: tiến xa hơn các quan điểm nông nghiệp và môi trường

Insha Wani1,2, Sudipta Ramola3,4, Ankit Garg1,5, Vinod Kushvaha2
1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shantou University China, Shantou, China
2Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, India
3Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
4Zhejiang Academy of Agriculture Sciences (ZAAS), Hangzhou, China
5L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan

Tóm tắt

Biochar có nhiều lợi ích rộng rãi và được sử dụng phổ biến trong nhiều lĩnh vực đa chiều, bao gồm nông học, quản lý môi trường và kỹ thuật địa chất. Bài đánh giá hiện tại nhằm thảo luận về ứng dụng đã được thiết lập và các ứng dụng tương lai có thể của biochar như một phụ gia đất trong các ứng dụng kỹ thuật địa chất (slope xanh, lớp lót bãi rác). Để đánh giá vai trò của biochar trong kỹ thuật địa chất, khoảng 180 nghiên cứu đã được chọn ngẫu nhiên từ năm 1996 đến năm 2020. Kỹ thuật snowball đã được sử dụng để thu thập các tài liệu nghiên cứu và thông số. Mục tiêu chính là phân tích các khoảng trống quan trọng trong nghiên cứu về việc sử dụng biochar trong các ứng dụng kỹ thuật địa chất nhằm ổn định đất. Đã quan sát thấy rằng quá trình sản xuất và ứng dụng biochar vẫn còn bị giới hạn trong phòng thí nghiệm và cần có nghiên cứu ở quy mô lớn hơn. Có những quan sát mâu thuẫn liên quan đến các thuộc tính khác nhau của biochar, ví dụ, việc thêm biochar làm tăng khả năng giữ nước của đất, nhưng một số nhà nghiên cứu đã đưa ra ý kiến trái ngược. Hơn nữa, các yếu tố ổn định của các sườn bãi rác như sức chịu cắt, khả năng nén và sức kéo cũng chưa được làm rõ. Chi phí hiệu quả của sản xuất và ứng dụng biochar cũng là một mối quan tâm lớn. Nghiên cứu trong tương lai cần được tiến hành để giải quyết các tác động tiêu cực của biochar, chẳng hạn như độ bền và hiệu quả lâu dài. Thêm vào đó, việc ứng dụng in-situ của biochar trong các loại đất kỹ thuật nén cần được điều tra. Cần thiết phải xây dựng các hướng dẫn sơ bộ để chọn lựa tỷ lệ biochar phù hợp và tối ưu với các thông số cụ thể cần thiết cho việc áp dụng trong hạ tầng kỹ thuật xanh. Đã phát hiện ra rằng còn thiếu thông tin về tính khả dụng và các thuộc tính của nguyên liệu sinh khối làm đầu vào, hiệu quả chi phí của việc chuẩn bị, ứng dụng và tuổi thọ của biochar so với các phương pháp thay thế khác trong việc ổn định đất.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

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