Nội dung được dịch bởi AI, chỉ mang tính chất tham khảo
Những nghiên cứu về vũ trụ học với phương trình liên tục được điều chỉnh trong trọng lực an toàn không giới hạn
Tóm tắt
Chúng tôi nghiên cứu vũ trụ học FLRW, xem xét các hiệu ứng điều chỉnh lượng tử trong khuôn khổ của dòng nhóm chuẩn hóa chính xác của tác động hiệu quả đối với trọng lực. Chúng tôi tính toán yếu tố quy mô đã được điều chỉnh lượng tử, mật độ năng lượng, và sự sản xuất entropy vào thời điểm muộn, với nhiều lựa chọn cho các hàm cắt. Cách tiếp cận của chúng tôi phù hợp với các nghiên cứu trước đây liên quan đến hằng số Newton chạy G(k) trong định nghĩa của tensor năng lượng – động lượng, và sau đó áp dụng định nghĩa bảo toàn hiệp biến của tensor Einstein. Các điều chỉnh lượng tử thu được trong cách tiếp cận này khác với những gì được tìm thấy khi giữ phương trình bảo toàn không thay đổi so với một hằng số Newton không phụ thuộc quy mô. Quan sát chính được thực hiện ở đây là rằng những xác định cắt khác nhau dẫn đến các vũ trụ học tại thời điểm muộn khác nhau. Hơn nữa, các lựa chọn được thực hiện cũng dẫn đến các giải pháp phân tích chính xác cho tham số Hubble theo thời gian vũ trụ và yếu tố quy mô.
Từ khóa
#vũ trụ học #điều chỉnh lượng tử #trọng lực an toàn #yếu tố quy mô #mật độ năng lượng #phương trình bảo toànTài liệu tham khảo
S. Weinberg, Ultraviolet divergences in quantum theories of gravitation, in General Relativity: An Einstein Centenary Survey. ed. by S.W. Hawking, W. Israel (University Press, Cambridge, 1979)
R. Percacci, Further evidence for a gravitational fixed point. Phys. Rev. D 73, 041501 (2006). [hep-th/0511177]
M. Niedermaier, M. Reuter, The asymptotic safety scenario in quantum gravity. Living Rev. Relativ. 9, 5 (2006)
M. Niedermaier, The asymptotic safety scenario in quantum gravity: an introduction. Class. Quant. Gravity 24, R171 (2007). ([gr-qc/0610018])
M. Niedermaier, Gravitational fixed points and asymptotic safety from perturbation theory. Nucl. Phys. B 833, 226 (2010)
A. Nink, M. Reuter, On the physical mechanism underlying asymptotic safety. JHEP 01, 062 (2013). arXiv:1208.0031 [hep-th]
M. Niedermaier, Dimensionally reduced gravity theories are asymptotically safe. Nucl. Phys. B 673, 131 (2003). arxiv:hep-th/0304117
D.F. Litim, F. Sannino, Asymptotic safety guaranteed. JHEP 12, 178 (2014). arXiv:1406.2337 [hep-th]
K. Falls, D.F. Litim, K. Nikolakopoulos, C. Rahmede, Further evidence for asymptotic safety of quantum gravity. Phys. Rev. D 93(10), 104022 (2016). arXiv:1410.4815 [hep-th]
M. Reuter, Nonperturbative evolution equation for quantum gravity. Phys. Rev. D 57(10), 971 (1998). [hep-th/9605030]
M. Reuter, F. Saueressig, Renormalization group flow of quantum gravity in the Einstein–Hilbert truncation. Phys. Rev. D 65, 065016 (2002)
O. Lauscher, M. Reuter, Flow equation of quantum Einstein gravity in a higher derivative truncation. Phys. Rev. D 66, 025026 (2002). [hep-th/0205062]
M.R. Niedermaier, Gravitational fixed points from perturbation theory. Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 101303 (2009)
C. Wetterich, Exact evolution equation for the effective potential. Phys. Lett. B 301, 90 (1993). arXiv:1710.05815 [hep-th]
M. Reuter, C. Wetterich, Effective average action for gauge theories and exact evolution equations. Nucl. Phys. B 417, 181 (1994)
L.N. Granda, S.D. Odintsov, Effective average action and nonperturbative renormalization group equation in higher derivative quantum gravity. Grav. Cosmol. 4, 85 (1998)
E. Elizalde, S.D. Odintsov, A. Romeo, Improved effective potential in curved spacetime and quantum matter, higher derivative gravity theory. Phys. Rev. D 51, 1680 (1995)
M. Reuter, F. Saueressig, Quantum Einstein gravity. New J. Phys. 14, 055022 (2012)
O. Lauscher, M. Reuter, Quantum Einstein gravity: towards an asymptotically safe field theory of gravity, in Approaches to Fundamental Physics. Lecture Notes in Physics, vol. 721 (Springer, Berlin, 2007). pp. 265–285
A. Codello, R. Percacci, C. Rahmede, Investigating the ultraviolet properties of gravity with a Wilsonian renormalization group equation. Ann. Phys. 324, 414–469 (2009). arXiv:0805.2909 [hep-th]
A. Eichhorn, S. Lippoldt, V. Skrinjar, Nonminimal hints for asymptotic safety. Phys. Rev. D 97, 026002 (2018). arXiv:1710.03005v2 [hep-th]
W. Souma, Nontrivial ultraviolet fixed point in quantum gravity. Prog. Theor. Phys. 102, 181 (1999). [hep-th/9907027]
D.F. Litim, Fixed points of quantum gravity. Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 201301 (2004). [hep-th/0312114]
M. Demmel, F. Saueressig, O. Zanusso, RG flows of quantum Einstein gravity on maximally symmetric spaces. JHEP 06, 026 (2014). arXiv:1401.5495
E. Manrique, M. Reuter, Bare action and regularized functional integral of asymptotically safe quantum gravity. Phys. Rev. D 79, 025008 (2009). arXiv:0811.3888 [hep-th]
O. Lauscher, M. Reuter, Towards nonperturbative renormalizability of quantum Einstein gravity. Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 17, 993 (2002)
M. Reuter, H. Weyer, On the Possibility of Quantum Gravity Effects at Astrophysical Scales. Int. J. Mod. Phys. D 15, 2011–2028 (2006). arXiv:hep-th/0702051
M. Reuter, F. Saueressig, Quantum Gravity and the Functional Renormalization Group: The Road Towards Asymptotic Safety, Cambridge Monographs on Mathematical Physics (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2019). https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316227596
D. Litim, Renormalization group and the Planck scale. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 369, 2759 (2011)
O. Lauscher, M. Reuter, Is quantum Einstein gravity nonperturbatively renormalizable? Class. Quant. Gravity 19, 483 (2002)
M. Reuter, H. Weyer, Quantum gravity at astrophysical distances? JCAP 2004, 001 (2004)
R. Percacci, D. Perini, Asymptotic safety of gravity coupled to matter. Phys. Rev. D 68, 044018 (2003)
A. Bonanno, M. Reuter, Cosmology of the Planck era from a renormalization group for quantum gravity. Phys. Rev. D 65, 043508 (2002). arXiv:hep-th/0106133
J.F. Donoghue, A critique of the asymptotic safety program. Front. Phys. 8, 56 (2020). arXiv:1911.02967 [hep-th]
A. Bonanno, A. Eichhorn, H. Gies, J.M. Pawlowski, R. Percacci, M. Reuter, F. Saueressig, G.P. Vacca, Critical reflections on asymptotically safe gravity. Front. Phys. 8, 269 (2020). arXiv:2004.06810 [gr-qc]
J. Grande, J. Solà, S. Basilakos, M. Plionis, Hubble expansion and structure formation in the running FLRW model of the cosmic evolution. JCAP 08, 007 (2011)
Y.-F. Cai, D.A. Easson, Asymptotically safe gravity as a scalar-tensor theory and its cosmological implications. Phys. Rev. D 84, 103502 (2011). arXiv:1107.5815 [hep-th]
M. Reuter, F. Saueressig, From big bang to asymptotic de Sitter: complete cosmologies in a quantum gravity framework. JCAP 09, 012 (2005). arXiv:hep-th/0507167
A. Bonanno, S. Carloni, Dynamical system analysis of cosmologies with running cosmological constant from quantum Einstein gravity. New J. Phys. 14, 025008 (2012)
A. Bonanno, M. Reuter, Cosmology with self-adjusting vacuum energy density from a renormalization group fixed point. Phys. Lett. B 527, 9–17 (2002). arXiv:astro-ph/0106468
A. Bonanno, M. Reuter, Cosmological perturbations in renormalization group derived cosmologies. Int. J. Mod. Phys. D 13, 107–122 (2004). arXiv:astro-ph/0210472
E. Bentivegna, A. Bonanno, M. Reuter, Confronting the IR fixed point cosmology with high redshift observations. JCAP 0401, 001 (2004). arXiv:astro-ph/0303150
A. Bonanno, S.J.G. Gionti, A. Platania, Bouncing and emergent cosmologies from ADM RG flows. Class. Quant. Gravity 35, 065004 (2018). arXiv:1710.06317 [gr-qc]
A. Platania, F. Saueressig, Functional renormalization group flows on Friedman–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker backgrounds. Found. Phys. 48, 1291 (2018). arXiv:1710.01972
A. Platania, From renormalization group flows to cosmology. Front. Phys. 8, 188 (2020). arXiv:2003.13656 [gr-qc]
A. Bonanno, F. Saueressig, Asymptotically safe cosmology—a status report. C. R. Phys. 18, 254 (2017). arXiv:1702.04137 [hep-th]
R. Mandal, S. Gangopadhyay, A. Lahiri, Cosmology of Bianchi type-I metric using renormalization group approach for quantum gravity. Class. Quant. Gravity 37, 065012 (2020)
A. Babic, B. Guberina, R. Horvat, H. Stefancic, Renormalization-group running cosmologies—a scale-setting procedure. Phys. Rev. D 71, 124041 (2005). arXiv:astro-ph/0407572
S. Domazet, H. Stefancic, Renormalization group scale-setting from the action—a road to modified gravity theories. Class. Quant. Gravity 29, 235005 (2012). arXiv:1204.1483 [gr-qc]
B. Koch, I. Ramirez, Exact renormalization group with optimal scale and its application to cosmology. Class. Quant. Gravity 28, 055008 (2011). arXiv:1010.2799 [gr-qc]
M. Reuter, H. Weyer, Renormalization group improved gravitational actions: a Brans–Dicke approach. Phys. Rev. D 69, 104022 (2004). arXiv:hep-th/0311196
M. Reuter, H. Weyer, Running Newton constant, improved gravitational actions, and galaxy rotation curves. Phys. Rev. D 70, 124028 (2004). arXiv:hep-th/0410117
P. Donà, A. Eichhorn, R. Percacci, Matter matters in asymptotically safe quantum gravity. Phys. Rev. D 89, 084035 (2014)
J. Meibohm, J.M. Pawlowski, M. Reichert, Asymptotic safety of gravity-matter systems. Phys. Rev. D 93, 084035 (2016)
A. Bonanno, M. Reuter, Entropy production during asymptotically safe inflation. Entropy 13, 274–292 (2011). arXiv:1011.2794
A. Bonanno, M. Reuter, Entropy signature of the running cosmological constant. JCAP 0708, 024 (2007)
A. Bonanno, M. Reuter, Primordial entropy production and \(\Lambda \)-driven inflation from Quantum Einstein Gravity. J. Phys. Conf. Ser. IOP Publ. 140, 012008 (2008)
M. Hindmarsh, D. Litim, C. Rahmede, Asymptotically safe cosmology. JCAP 07, 019 (2019)
E. Manrique, S. Rechenberger, F. Saueressig, Asymptotically safe Lorentzian gravity. Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 251302 (2011)
M. Reuter, F. Saueressig, Fractal spacetimes under the microscope: a renormalization group view on Monte Carlo data. JHEP 12, 012 (2011)
S. Floerchinger, Analytic continuation of functional renormalization group equations. JHEP 05, 021 (2012)
J. Biemans, A. Platania, F. Saueressig, Quantum gravity on foliated spacetimes: asymptotically safe and sound. Phys. Rev. D 95(8), 086013 (2017)
A. Eichhorn, A. Platania, M. Schiffer, Lorentz invariance violations in the interplay of quantum gravity with matter Phys. Rev. D 102, 026007 (2020). arXiv:1911.10066 [hep-th]
J.A.S. Lima, Thermodynamics of decaying vacuum cosmologies. Phys. Rev. D 54, 2571 (1996)
J.A.S. Lima, Cosmologies with photon creation and the 3K relic radiation spectrum. Gen. Relat. Gravit. 29, 805 (1997)
A.A. Starobinsky, A new type of isotropic cosmological models without singularity. Phys. Lett. 91 B, 99 (1980)
G.F.R. Ellis, R. Maartens, The emergent universe: inflationary cosmology with no singularity. Class. Quant. Gravity 21, 223 (2004)
G.F.R. Ellis, J. Murugan, C.G. Tsagas, The emergent universe: an explicit construction. Class. Quant. Gravity 21, 233 (2004)
D.J. Mulryne, R. Tavakol, J.E. Lidsey, G.F.R. Ellis, An emergent universe from a loop. Phys. Rev. D 71, 123512 (2005)
S. Mukherjee, B.C. Paul, S.D. Maharaj, A. Beesham, Emergent Universe in Starobinsky Model, arXiv:gr-qc/0505103
S. Mukherjee, B.C. Paul, N.K. Dadhich, S.D. Maharaj, A. Beesham, Emergent universe with exotic matter. Class. Quant. Gravity 23, 6927–6933 (2006)
A. Banerjee, T. Bandyopadhyay, S. Chakraborty, Emergent universe in brane world scenario. Gravit. Cosmol. 13, 290–292 (2007)
S. Gangopadhyay, A. Saha, S. Mukherjee, Emergent universe with particle production. Int. J. Theor. Phys. 55, 4445–4452 (2016)
I. Prigogine, J. Geheniau, E. Gunzig, P. Nardone, Thermodynamics and cosmology. Gen. Relativ. Gravit. 21, 767–776 (1989)
B. Ryden, Introduction to Cosmology (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2016). (ISBN: 978-1-107-15483-4, 978-1-316-88984-8)
Planck Collaboration, Planck 2018 results. VI. Cosmological parameters, A &A 641, A6 (2020), https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201833910, arXiv: 1807.06209 [astro-ph.CO]
R. Penrose, Cycles of Time: An Extraordinary New View of the Universe (Bodley Head, London, 2010)
K.P. Tod, Isotropic cosmological singularities: other matter models. Class. Quant. Gravity 20, 521–534 (2003)
D. Kalligas, P.S. Wesson, C.W.F. Everitt, Flat FRW models with variable \(G\) and \(\Lambda \). Gen. Relativ. Gravit. 24, 351 (1992)
D. Kalligas, P.S. Wesson, C.W.F. Everitt, Bianchi type I cosmological models with variable \(G\) and \(\Lambda \): a comment. Gen. Relativ. Gravit. 27, 645 (1995)
H. Fritzsch, J. Sola, R.C. Nunes, Running vacuum in the universe and the time variation of the fundamental constants of Nature. Eur. Phys. J. C 77, 193 (2017)
H.B. Sandvik, J.D. Barrow, J. Magueijo, A simple cosmology with a varying fine structure constant. Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 031302 (2002)
J.D. Barrow, H.B. Sandvik, J. Magueijo, Behavior of varying-alpha cosmologies. Phys. Rev. D 65, 063504 (2002)
J.D. Barrow, Varying alpha. Ann. Phys. (Berlin) 19, 202 (2010)
J.P. Uzan, Varying constants, gravitation and cosmology. Living Rev. Relativ. 14, 2 (2011)
S. Falkenberg, S.D. Odintsov, Gauge dependence of the effective average action in Einstein gravity. Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 13, 607 (1998)
C. Wetterich, Exact evolution equation for the effective potential. Phys. Lett. B 301, 90–94 (1993)
K. Falls, C.R. King, D.F. Litim, K. Nikolakopoulos, C. Rahmede, Asymptotic safety of quantum gravity beyond Ricci scalars. Phys. Rev. D 97(8), 086006 (2018). arXiv:1801.00162 [hep-th]
D. Dou, R. Percacci, The running gravitational couplings. Class. Quant. Gravity 15, 3449 (1998)
O. Lauscher, M. Reuter, Ultraviolet fixed point and generalized flow equation of quantum gravity. Phys. Rev. D 65, 025013 (2002)
A. Bonanno, M. Reuter, Renormalization group improved black hole spacetimes. Phys. Rev. D 62(10), 043008 (2000). arXiv:hep-th/0002196
D.F. Litim, Optimized renormalization group flows. Phys. Rev. D 64, 105007 (2001)
D.F. Litim, Optimisation of the exact renormalisation group. Phys. Lett. B 486, 92 (2000)