Sửa chữa: Vận động các nhóm vận động: Khi nào và tại sao các nhà hoạch định chính sách cố gắng ảnh hưởng đến các nhóm vận động trong quản trị toàn cầu?

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 8 - Trang 407-432 - 2019
Kirsten Lucas1, Marcel Hanegraaff2, Iskander De Bruycker1
1University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
2University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Tóm tắt

Hỗ trợ thường được coi là một hoạt động mà trong đó các nhóm vận động tìm kiếm và các nhà hoạch định chính sách trao quyền ảnh hưởng. Trong bài báo này, chúng tôi đảo ngược cách tiếp cận truyền thống đối với việc hỗ trợ và đặt ra câu hỏi dưới điều kiện nào các nhà hoạch định chính sách cố gắng ảnh hưởng đến các lập trường mà các nhóm vận động đối lập hoặc đồng minh đã thông qua. Hai chiến lược mà các nhà hoạch định chính sách có thể sử dụng trong các tương tác với các nhóm vận động được đề xuất: khuếch đại và thuyết phục. Chúng tôi xây dựng trên lý thuyết trao đổi tài nguyên và khái niệm về cấu trúc cơ hội chính trị để giải thích chiến lược nào mà một nhà hoạch định chính sách sử dụng. Phân tích dựa vào một cơ sở dữ liệu độc đáo, được thu thập từ 297 cuộc phỏng vấn với các nhà hoạch định chính sách từ 107 quốc gia khác nhau tại các hội nghị về biến đổi khí hậu và thương mại toàn cầu. Kết quả của chúng tôi cho thấy rằng, tổng thể, các nhà hoạch định chính sách tìm kiếm các nhóm vận động nhiều hơn khi họ đối mặt với mức độ áp lực chính trị gia tăng. Cụ thể, các chính trị gia được bầu thường có xu hướng tìm kiếm lợi ích xã hội đối lập hơn là các nhà hoạch định chính sách không được bầu. Hơn nữa, các nhà hoạch định chính sách từ các quốc gia có trách nhiệm dân chủ, những người làm việc trên các vấn đề nổi bật, có khuynh hướng huy động các đồng minh nhóm vận động của họ hơn.

Từ khóa


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