Coordinates and covariance: Einstein's view of space-time and the modern view

J. L. Anderson,Principles of Relativity Physics (Academic Press, New York, 1967).

R. L. Bishop and S. I. Goldberg,Tensor Analysis on Manifiolds (Dover, New York, 1980).

J. Earman, ?Covariance, Invariance and the Equivalence of Frames,?Found. Phys. 4, 267?289 (1974).

J. Earman and J. Norton, ?What Price Space-time Substantivalism? The Hole Argument,?Br. J. Philos. Sci., forthcoming.

A. Einstein, Zum gegenwärtigen Stande des Gravitationsproblems,?Phys. Z. 14, 1249?1266 (1913).

A. Einstein, ?Die formale Grundlage der allgemeinen Relativitätstheorie,?Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Sitz., pp. 1030?1085 (1914).

A. Einstein, ?Zum Relativitäts-problem?,Scientia 15, 337?348 (1914).

A. Einstein, ?Prinzipielles zur verallgemeinerten Relativitätstheorie,?Phys. Z. 15, 176?180 (1914).

A. Einstein, ?Die Gurndlage der allgemeinen Relativitätstheorie,?Ann. Phys. (Leipzig)49, 769?822 (1916); translated without p. 769 as ?The Foundation of the General Theory of Relativity,? pp. 111?164 inThe Principle of Relativity (Dover, New York, 1952).

A. Einstein, ?Uber Friedrich Kottlers Abhandlung ?Über Einsteins Äquivalenzhypothese und die Gravitation,?Ann. Phys. (Leipzig)51, 639?642 (1916).

A. Einstein,Relativity: the Special and the General Theory (1917; Methuen, London, 1977).

A. Einstein, ?Prinzipielles zur allgemeinen Relativitätstheorie,?Phys. (Leipzig)55, 240?244 (1918).

A. Einstein,The Meaning of Relativity (1922; Chapman and Hall, London, 1976).

A. Einstein, ?Über den Äther,?Schweiz Nat. Gesell. Ver. 105, 85?93 (1924).

A. Einstein, ?The Mechanics of Newton and their Influence on the Development of Theoretical Physics? (1927), pp. 253?261 in Einstein.(19)

A. Einstein, ?The Problem of Space, Ether, and the Field in Physics? (1929), pp. 276?285 in Einstein.(19)

A. Einstein, ?Autobiographical Notes,? inAlbert Einstein: Philosopher-Scientist, P. A. Schilpp, ed. (1949; Open Court, La Salle, 1979).

A. Einstein, Foreword (1953) to M. Jammer,Concepts of Space (Harvard University Press, Cambridge, 1969).

A. Einstein,Ideas and Opinions (Crown, New York, 1954).

A. Einstein and M. Grossmann,Entwurf einer verallgemeinerten Relativitätstheorie und einer Theorie der Gravitation (Teubner, Leibzig, 1913) (separatum); with addendum by Einstein inZ. Math. Phys. 63, 225?261 (1913).

A. Einstein and M. Grossmann, ?Kovarianzeigenschaften der Feldgleichungen der auf die verallgemeinerte Relativitätstheorie gegründeten Gravitationstheorie,?Z. Math. Phys. 63, 215?225 (1914).

V. Fock,The Theory of Space-Time and Gravitation (Pergamon, London, 1959).

H. Freudenthal, ?David Hilbert,? pp. 388?395, inDictionary of Scientific Biography (Scribner's, New York, 1972).

M. Friedman,Foundations of Space-Time Theories (Princeton University Press, Princeton, 1983).

S. Hawking and G. F. R. Ellis,The Large-Scale Structure of Space-time (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1973).

D. Hilbert, ?Die Grundlagen der Physik,?Akad. Wiss. Gött. Nachr. 1915, pp. 395?407; 1917, pp. 53?76.

A. Hiskes, ?Space-time Theories and Symmetry Groups,?Found. Phys. 14, 307?332 (1984).

G. Holton, ?Introduction: Einstein and the Shaping of Our Imagination,? inAlbert Einstein: Historical and Cultural Perspectives, G. Holton and Y. Elkana, eds. (Princeton University Press, Princeton, 1982), pp. vii-xxxii.

F. Klein, ?Über die sogenannte nich-Euklidische Geometria? (1873, 2te. Aufsatz), inGesammelte Mathematische Abhandlungen, Vol. 1 (Springer, Berlin, 1921?1923), pp. 311?343.

F. Klein, ?Über die geometrischen Grundlagen der Lorentz-gruppe? (1910), inGesammelte Mathematische Abhandlangen, Vol. 1 (Springer, Berlin), pp. 533?552.

F. Klein,Einleitung in die höhere Geometrie, I. Vorlesung, gehalten im Wintersemester 1892?1893, transcribed by Fr. Schilling (Göttingen, 1893).

F. Klein,Vorlesungen über nicht-Euklidische Geometrie (Chelsea, New York, 1927).

E. Kretschmann, ?Über den physikalischen Sinn der Relativitätspostulat, A Einsteins neue und seine ursprüglische Relativitätstheorie,?Ann. Phys. (Leipzig)53, 575?614 (1917).

T. Levi-Civita,The Absolute Differential Calculus (1926; Dover, New York, 1977).

J. H. Manheim,The Genesis of Point Set Topology (Pergamon, New York, 1964).

R. McCormmach, ?Editor's Foreword,?Hist. Stud. Philos. Sci. 7, xi-xxxv (1976).

H. Minkowski, ?Raum und Zeit,? inDas Relativitätsprinzip, H. A. Lorentzet al., eds. (Teubner, Leipzig, 1908), pp. 56?68.

H. Minkowski, ?Die Grundgleichungen für die elektromagnetischen Vorgänge in bewegten Körpern,?Gött. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Nachr., pp. 53?111 (1908).

H. Minkowski, ?Space and Time? (1908), inThe Principle of Relativity, A. Einsteinet al., eds. (Dover, New York, 1952).

J. Norton, ?What was Einstein's Principle of Equivalence??,Stud. Hist. Philos. Sci. 16, 203?246 (1985).

J. Norton, ?Einstein, the Hole Argument and the Reality of Space,? inMeasurement, Realism and Objectivity, J. Forge, ed. (Reidel, Dordrecht, 1987).

A. Pais,Subtle is the Lord...: The Science and the Life of Albert Einstein (Clarendon, Oxford, 1982).

R. K. Sachs and H. Wu,General Relativity for Mathematicians (Springer, New York, 1977).

A. Sommerfeld, ?Zur Relativitätstheorie. Vierdimensionale Vektoralgebra,?Ann. Phys. (Leipzig)32, 749?776;33, 649?689 (1910).

P. Speziali, ed.,Albert Einstein-Michele Besso: Correspondence 1903?1955 (Paris, 1972).

J. Stachel, ?Einstein's Search for General Covariance,? inProceedings of the Ninth International Conference on General Relativity and Gravitation (Jena, 1980), E. Schmutzer, ed. (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1983).

J. Stachel, ?What can a Physicist Learn from the Discovery of General Relativity??Proceedings, 4th Marcel Grossmann Meeting on Recent Developments in General Relativity, Rome, Italy, 17?21 June, 1985.

G. Ricci and T. Levi-Civita, ?Méthodes de Calcul Différentiel Absolu et leurs Application? (1900), inOpere Matematiche, T. Levi-Civita, ed., Vol. 1 (Bologna, 1954).

B. Riemann, ?On the Hypotheses Which Lie at the Foundations of Geometry,? (1854), inA Source Book in Mathematics, D. E. Smith, ed. (Dover, New York, 1959).

R. Torretti,Philosophy of Geometry from Riemann to Poincaré (Reidel, Dordrecht, 1978).

R. Torretti,Relativity and Geometry (Pergamon, New York, 1983).

R. Torretti, ?Space-Time Physics and the Philosophy of Science,?Br. J. Philos. Sci. 35, 280?292 (1984).

R. Wald,General Relativity (University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1984).

J. Norton, ?The Physical Content of General Covariance,? in preparation.