Controlling nitrification in chloraminated systems

Journal - American Water Works Association - Tập 88 Số 7 - Trang 86-98 - 1996
Lee H. Odell, Gregory J. Kirmeyer, Andrzej Wilczak, Joseph G. Jacangelo, Joseph P. Marcinko, Roy L. Wolfe

Tóm tắt

Data on nitrification occurrence and control in chloraminated distribution systems point to several strategies to preserve water quality during distribution and storage.Of US water systems that chloraminate, an estimated two thirds experience some degree of nitrification in the distribution system. Measures utilities use to control nitrification were investigated through field sampling, evaluation of utility data, laboratory tests, and case studies of systems that have evaluated or attempted to control nitrification episodes. Effective control methods included instituting periodic breakpoint chlorination, reducing the available ammonia concentration, increasing chloramine residuals, cleaning the distribution system, and decreasing system detention time. Some control methods were superior for controlling a specific nitrification episode, whereas others showed more promise for reducing the long‐term potential for nitrification occurrence. According to the authors, the most important steps utilities can take to control nitrification are to thoroughly understand their systems' chloramine chemistry and to establish an effective monitoring strategy.

Từ khóa


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Thông tin xuất bản

Journal - American Water Works Association

Tập 88 Số 7

86-98

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