Contribution of cryptogamic covers to the global cycles of carbon and nitrogen
Tóm tắt
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Freiberg, E. Influence of microclimate on the occurrence of cyanobacteria in the phyllosphere in a premontane rain forest of Costa Rica. Plant Biol. 1, 244–252 (1999).
Büdel, B. in Progress in Botany (eds Lüttge, U. E., Beyschlag, W., Büdel, B. & Francis, D.) 386–404 (Springer, 2002).
Belnap, J. & Lange, O. L. in Biological Soil Crusts: Structure, Function, And Management (eds Belnap, J. & Lange, O. L.) 471–479 (Springer, 2003).
Guo, Y., Zhao, H., Zuo, X., Drake, S. & Zhao, X. Biological soil crust development and its topsoil properties in the process of dune stabilization, Inner Mongolia, China. Environ. Geol. 54, 653–662 (2008).
Delgado-Baquerizo, M., Castillo-Monroy, A. P., Maestre, F. T. & Gallardo, A. Plants and biological soil crusts modulate the dominance of N forms in a semi-arid grassland. Soil Biol. Biochem. 42, 376–378 (2010).
Bamforth, S. S. Protozoa of biological soil crusts of a cool desert in Utah. J. Arid Environ. 72, 722–729 (2008).
Bowker, M. A. Biological soil crust rehabilitation in theory and practice: An underexploited opportunity. Restor. Ecol. 15, 13–23 (2007).
Dojani, S., Büdel, B., Deutschewitz, K. & Weber, B. Rapid succession of biological soil crusts after experimental disturbance in the Succulent Karoo, South Africa. Appl. Soil Ecol. 48, 263–269 (2011).
Barger, N., Herrick, J., Van Zee, J. & Belnap, J. Impacts of biological soil crust disturbance and composition on C and N loss from water erosion. Biogeochemistry 77, 247–263 (2006).
Watanabe, Y., Martini, J. E. J. & Ohmoto, H. Geochemical evidence for terrestrial ecosystems 2.6 billion years ago. Nature 408, 574–578 (2000).
Heckman, D. S. et al. Molecular evidence for the early colonization of land by fungi and plants. Science 293, 1129–1133 (2001).
Schmidt, S. K. et al. The earliest stages of ecosystem succession in high-elevation (5000 m above sea level), recently deglaciated soils. Proc. R. Soc. B 275, 2793–2802 (2008).
Sheridan, R. P. Nitrogenase activity by Hapalosiphon flexuosus associated with Sphagnum erythrocalyx mats in the cloud forest on the volcano La Soufriere, Guadeloupe, French West Indies. Biotropica 23, 134–140 (1991).
Eversman, S. & Horton, D. Recolonization of burned substrates by lichens and mosses in Yellowstone National Park. Northwest Sci. 78, 85–92 (2004).
Chapin, F. S. et al. Reconciling carbon-cycle concepts, terminology, and methods. Ecosystems 9, 1041–1050 (2006).
Zhao, M., Heinsch, F. A., Nemani, R. R. & Running, S. W. Improvements of the MODIS terrestrial gross and net primary production global data set. Remote Sens. Environ. 95, 164–176 (2005).
Andreae, M. O. & Merlet, P. Emission of trace gases and aerosols from biomass burning. Glob. Biogeochem. Cycles 15, 955–966 (2001).
Solomon, S. IPCC 4th Assessment Report (Cambridge Univ. Press, 2007).
Prentice, C. et al. in Climate Change 2001 (eds Houghton, J. et al.) 183–237 (Cambridge Univ. Press, 2001).
Falkowski, P. G. in Biogeochemistry (eds Schlesinger, W. H., Holland, H. D. & Turekian, K. K.) 185–213 (Elsevier, 2005).
Field, C. B., Behrenfeld, M. J., Randerson, J. T. & Falkowski, P. Primary production of the biosphere: Integrating terrestrial and oceanic components. Science 281, 237–240 (1998).
Houlton, B. Z., Wang, Y. P., Vitousek, P. M. & Field, C. B. A unifying framework for dinitrogen fixation in the terrestrial biosphere. Nature 454, 327–330 (2008).
Galloway, J. N. et al. Nitrogen cycles: Past, present, and future. Biogeochemistry 70, 153–226 (2004).
Canfield, D. E., Glazer, A. N. & Falkowski, P. G. The evolution and future of Earth’s nitrogen cycle. Science 330, 192–196 (2010).
Reich, P. B. et al. Nitrogen limitation constrains sustainability of ecosystem response to CO2 . Nature 440, 922–925 (2006).
LeBauer, D. S. & Treseder, K. K. Nitrogen limitation of net primary productivity in terrestrial ecosystems is globally distributed. Ecology 89, 371–379 (2008).
Reed, S. C., Cleveland, C. C. & Townsend, A. R. Functional ecology of free-living nitrogen fixation: A contemporary perspective. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 42, 489–512 (2011).
Zhou, X. et al. Nitric acid photolysis on forest canopy surface as a source for tropospheric nitrous acid. Nature Geosci. 4, 440–443 (2011).