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Thiết bị theo dõi glucose liên tục, bơm insulin và liệu pháp cung cấp insulin tự động cho bệnh tiểu đường typ 1: Cập nhật về tiềm năng lợi ích tim mạch
Tóm tắt
Tỷ lệ mắc bệnh tiểu đường typ 1 (T1D) đang gia tăng ở tất cả các nhóm tuổi. T1D liên quan đến các biến chứng mạch máu vi và đại mãn tính, nhưng việc cải thiện xu hướng huyết áp có thể làm chậm xu hướng khởi phát và tiến triển của các biến chứng này. Việc sử dụng các thiết bị công nghệ cho quản lý bệnh tiểu đường, chẳng hạn như máy theo dõi glucose liên tục (CGM) và bơm insulin, đang gia tăng, và những thiết bị này có liên quan đến việc cải thiện xu hướng huyết áp. Do đó, việc sử dụng thiết bị có thể liên quan đến việc ngăn ngừa lâu dài các biến chứng T1D, tuy nhiên, có rất ít nghiên cứu điều tra tác động trực tiếp của thiết bị đến các biến chứng mãn tính trong T1D. Bài đánh giá này sẽ mô tả các thiết bị bệnh tiểu đường phổ biến và hệ thống kết hợp, cũng như xem xét mối quan hệ giữa việc sử dụng thiết bị và các outcomes tim mạch trong T1D. Các phát hiện từ các nghiên cứu theo đoàn và đăng ký quốc gia hiện có cho thấy việc sử dụng bơm có thể giúp cải thiện các yếu tố nguy cơ tim mạch như tăng huyết áp và rối loạn chuyển hóa lipid. Hơn nữa, những người sử dụng bơm đã được chứng minh có độ cứng động mạch thấp hơn và các chỉ số chức năng cơ tim tốt hơn. Trong dữ liệu đoàn hệ và kiểm soát trường hợp dọc, việc sử dụng bơm đã liên quan đến ít sự kiện tim mạch hơn và giảm bệnh tim mạch (CVD) và tỷ lệ tử vong do mọi nguyên nhân. CVD là nguyên nhân hàng đầu gây bệnh tật và tử vong ở T1D. Việc sử dụng nhất quán các thiết bị quản lý bệnh tiểu đường có thể bảo vệ chống lại sự phát triển và tiến triển của các biến chứng mạch máu lớn như CVD thông qua việc cải thiện xu hướng huyết áp. Tài liệu hiện có còn hạn chế, nhưng các phát hiện cho thấy việc sử dụng bơm có thể làm giảm các yếu tố nguy cơ tim mạch cấp tính cũng như các biến chứng tim mạch mãn tính và tỷ lệ tử vong tổng thể ở T1D.
Từ khóa
#bệnh tiểu đường typ 1 #thiết bị theo dõi glucose liên tục #bơm insulin #biến chứng mạch máu #lợi ích tim mạchTài liệu tham khảo
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