Consumption of liquefied petroleum gas and the EKC hypothesis in South Asia: evidence from cross-sectionally dependent heterogeneous panel data with structural breaks

ADB (2013) Economics of reducing greenhouse gas emissions in South Asia: options and costs. Asian Development Bank. http://hdl.handle.net/11540/1437. Accessed 30 June 2020

ADB (2014) Assessing the costs of climate change and adaptation in South Asia. Asian Development Bank. http://hdl.handle.net/11540/46. Accessed 30 June 2020

Ahmad N, Wyckoff A (2003) Carbon dioxide emissions embodied in international trade of goods. https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/science-and-technology/carbon-dioxide-emissions-embodied-in-international-trade-of-goods_421482436815. Accessed 30 June 2020

Ajmi AN, Hammoudeh S, Nguyen DK, Sato JR (2015) On the relationships between CO2 emissions, energy consumption and income: the importance of time variation. Energy Econ 49:629–638

Alam MM, Murad MW, Noman AHM, Ozturk I (2016) Relationships among carbon emissions, economic growth, energy consumption and population growth: testing environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis for Brazil, China, India and Indonesia. Ecol Ind 70:466–479

Al-Mulali U, Tang CF (2013) Investigating the validity of pollution haven hypothesis in the gulf cooperation council (GCC) countries. Energy Policy 60:813–819

Al-Mulali U, Ozturk I, Solarin SA (2016) Investigating the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis in seven regions: the role of renewable energy. Ecol Ind 67:267–282

Apergis N (2016) Environmental Kuznets curves: new evidence on both panel and country-level CO2 emissions. Energy Econ 54:263–271

Apergis N, Bhattacharya M, Hadhri W (2020) Health care expenditure and environmental pollution: a cross-country comparison across different income groups. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27:8142–8156

Avom D, Nkengfack H, Fotio HK, Totouom A (2020) ICT and environmental quality in Sub-Saharan Africa: effects and transmission channels. Technol Forecast Soc Change 155:120028

Bai J, Kao C, Ng S (2009) Panel cointegration with global stochastic trends. J Econom 149(1):82–99

Bakirtas I, Cetin MA (2017) Revisiting the environmental Kuznets curve and pollution haven hypotheses: MIKTA sample. Environ Sci Pollut Res 24(22):18273–18283

Balsalobre-Lorente D, Driha OM, Bekun FV, Osundina OA (2019a) Do agricultural activities induce carbon emissions? The BRICS experience. Environ Sci Pollut Res 26(24):25218–25234

Balsalobre-Lorente D, Shahbaz M, Jabbour CJC, Driha OM (2019b) The role of energy innovation and corruption in carbon emissions: evidence based on the EKC hypothesis. In: Shahbaz M, Balsalobre D (eds) Energy and environmental strategies in the era of globalization. Springer, Cham, pp 271–304

Benavides M, Ovalle K, Torres C, Vinces T (2017) Economic growth, renewable energy and methane emissions: is there an environmental Kuznets curve in Austria? Int J Energy Econ Policy 7(1):259–267

Banerjee S (2020) Addressing the carbon emissions embodied in India’s bilateral trade with two eminent Annex-II parties: with input–output and spatial decomposition analysis. Environ Dev Sustain. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-020-00824-9

Bimonte S, Stabile A (2017) Land consumption and income in Italy: a case of inverted EKC. Ecol Econ 131:36–43

Bogmans C, Withagen C (2010) The pollution haven hypothesis, a dynamic perspective. Revue économique 61(1):103–130

Bond S, Eberhardt M (2013) Accounting for unobserved heterogeneity in panel time series models. University of Oxford

Breusch TS, Pagan AR (1980) The Lagrange multiplier test and its applications to model specification in econometrics. Rev Econ Stud 47(1):239–253

Charfeddine L (2017) The impact of energy consumption and economic development on ecological footprint and CO2 emissions: evidence from a Markov switching equilibrium correction model. Energy Econ 65:355–374

Chen Y, Wang Z, Zhong Z (2019) CO2 emissions, economic growth, renewable and non-renewable energy production and foreign trade in China. Renew Energy 131:208–216

Cho CH, Chu YP, Yang HY (2014) An environment Kuznets curve for GHG emissions: a panel cointegration analysis. Energy Sour Part B 9(2):120–129

Chudik A, Pesaran MH (2013) Large panel data models with cross-sectional dependence: a survey. CAFE Research Paper, (13.15)

Cole MA (2004) Trade, the pollution haven hypothesis and the environmental Kuznets curve: examining the linkages. Ecol Econ 48(1):71–81

Cole MA, Rayner AJ, Bates JM (1997) The environmental Kuznets curve: an empirical analysis. Environ Dev Econ 2(4):401–416

Damette O, Marques AC (2019) Renewable energy drivers: a panel cointegration approach. Appl Econ 51(26):2793–2806

Deng Q, Alvarado R, Toledo E, Caraguay L (2020) Greenhouse gas emissions, non-renewable energy consumption, and output in South America: the role of the productive structure. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27:14477–14491

Destek MA, Sinha A (2020) Renewable, non-renewable energy consumption, economic growth, trade openness and ecological footprint: evidence from organisation for economic Co-operation and development countries. J Clean Prod 242:118537

Dogan E, Inglesi-Lotz R (2020) The impact of economic structure to the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis: evidence from European countries. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27:12717–12724

Dogan E, Seker F (2016) An investigation on the determinants of carbon emissions for OECD countries: empirical evidence from panel models robust to heterogeneity and cross-sectional dependence. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23(14):14646–14655

Dong K, Sun R, Dong X (2018a) CO2 emissions, natural gas and renewables, economic growth: assessing the evidence from China. Sci Total Environ 640:293–302

Dong K, Sun R, Li H, Liao H (2018b) Does natural gas consumption mitigate CO2 emissions: testing the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis for 14 Asia-Pacific countries. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 94:419–429

D’Sa A, Murthy KN (2004) LPG as a cooking fuel option for India. Energy Sustain Dev 8(3):91–106

Dumitrescu EI, Hurlin C (2012) Testing for Granger non-causality in heterogeneous panels. Econ Model 29(4):1450–1460

El Hédi Arouri M, Youssef AB, M’Henni H, Rault C (2011) Empirical analysis of the EKC hypothesis for sulfur dioxide emissions in selected Middle East and North African countries. J Energy Dev 37(1/2):207–226

Emirmahmutoglu F, Kose N (2011) Testing for Granger causality in heterogeneous mixed panels. Econ Model 28(3):870–876

Erdogan S, Okumus I, Guzel AE (2020) Revisiting the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis in OECD countries: the role of renewable, non-renewable energy, and oil prices. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27:23655–23663

Eregha PB, Mesagan EP (2020) Oil resources, deficit financing and per capita GDP growth in selected oil-rich African nations: a dynamic heterogeneous panel approach. Resour Policy 66:101615

Farhani S, Ozturk I (2015) Causal relationship between CO2 emissions, real GDP, energy consumption, financial development, trade openness, and urbanization in Tunisia. Environ Sci Pollut Res 22(20):15663–15676

Field CB (ed) (2014) Climate change 2014—impacts, adaptation and vulnerability: regional aspects. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge

Frees EW (1995) Assessing cross-sectional correlation in panel data. J Econom 69:393–414

Friedman M (1937) The use of ranks to avoid the assumption of normality implicit in the analysis of variance. J Am Stat Assoc 32:675–701

Fujii H, Managi S (2015) Economic development and multiple air pollutant emissions from the industrial sector. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23(3):2802–2812

Godil DI, Sharif A, Agha H, Jermsittiparsert K (2020) The dynamic nonlinear influence of ICT, financial development, and institutional quality on CO2 emission in Pakistan: new insights from QARDL approach. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27:24190–24200

Gould CF, Schlesinger SB, Molina E, Bejarano ML, Valarezo A, Jack DW (2020) Household fuel mixes in peri-urban and rural Ecuador: explaining the context of LPG, patterns of continued firewood use, and the challenges of induction cooking. Energy Policy 136:111053

Granger CWJ (1969) Investigating causal relations by econometric models and cross-spectral methods. Econometrica 37:424–438

Grossman GM, Krueger AB (1991) Environmental impacts of a North American free trade agreement. National Bureau of Economic Research No. w3914

Hasnat GNT, Kabir MA, Hossain MA (2018) Major environmental issues and problems of South Asia, Particularly Bangladesh. Handb Environ Mater Manag 1:1–40

Horton JB, Keith DW, Honegger M (2016) Implications of the Paris agreement for carbon dioxide removal and solar geoengineering. Viewpoints. Harvard Project on Climate Agreements, Cambridge

IPCC (2014) Climate change 2014: synthesis report. contribution of working groups I, II and III to the fifth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change. IPCC, Geneva, p 151

Khattak SI, Ahmad M, Khan ZU, Khan A (2020) Exploring the impact of innovation, renewable energy consumption, and income on CO2 emissions: new evidence from the BRICS economies. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27:13866–13881

Kivyiro P, Arminen H (2014) Carbon dioxide emissions, energy consumption, economic growth, and foreign direct investment: causality analysis for Sub-Saharan Africa. Energy 74:595–606

Kojima M (2011) The role of liquefied petroleum gas in reducing energy poverty (English). Extractive industries for development series

no. 25. Washington, DC: World Bank. http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/390661468157779954/The-role-of-liquefied-petroleum-gas-in-reducing-energy-poverty. Accessed 30 June 2020

Kuznets S (1955) Economic growth and income inequality. Am Econ Rev 45(1):1–28

Lacheheb M, Rahim ASA, Sirag A (2015) Economic growth and CO2 emissions: investigating the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis in Algeria. Int J Energy Econ Policy 5(4):1125–1132

Lapinskienė G, Tvaronavičienė M, Vaitkus P (2014) Greenhouse gases emissions and economic growth–evidence substantiating the presence of environmental Kuznets curve in the EU. Technol Econ Dev Economy 20(1):65–78

Maamoun N (2019) The Kyoto protocol: empirical evidence of a hidden success. J Environ Econ Manag 95:227–256

Maki D (2012) Tests for cointegration allowing for an unknown number of breaks. Econ Model 29(5):2011–2015

Miah MD, Masum MFH, Koike M (2010) Global observation of EKC hypothesis for CO2, SOx and NOx emission: a policy understanding for climate change mitigation in Bangladesh. Energy Policy 38(8):4643–4651

Moutinho V, Madaleno M, Elheddad M (2020) Determinants of the Environmental Kuznets Curve considering economic activity sector diversification in the OPEC countries. J Clean Prod 271:122642

Mrabet Z, Alsamara M (2017) Testing the Kuznets curve hypothesis for Qatar: a comparison between carbon dioxide and ecological footprint. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 70:1366–1375

Mrabet Z, Alsamara M, Saleh AS, Anwar S (2019) Urbanization and non-renewable energy demand: a comparison of developed and emerging countries. Energy 170:832–839

Murshed M (2018) Does improvement in trade openness facilitate renewable energy transition? Evidence from selected South Asian economies. South Asia Econ J 19(2):151–170. https://doi.org/10.1177/1391561418794691

Murshed M (2019a) A review of the prospects and benefits of smart gridding technology adoption in Bangladesh's power sector. Nat Gas Electr 36(3):19–28

Murshed M (2019b) An empirical investigation of foreign financial assistance inflows and Its fungibility analyses: evidence from Bangladesh. Economies 7(3):95

Murshed M (2020a) Electricity conservation opportunities within private university campuses in Bangladesh. Energy Environ 31(2):256–274

Murshed M (2020b) Are trade liberalization policies aligned with renewable energy transition in low and middle income countries? An instrumental variable approach. Renew Energy 151:1110–1123

Murshed M (2020c) A empirical analysis of the impacts of ICT-trade openness on renewable energy transition, energy efficiency, clean cooking fuel access and environmental sustainability in South Asia. Environ Sci Pollut Res. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-09497-3

Murshed M (2020d) Revisiting the deforestation-induced EKC hypothesis: the role of democracy in Bangladesh. Geo J. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10708-020-10234-z

Murshed M, Dao NTT (2020) Revisiting the CO2 emission-induced EKC hypothesis in South Asia: the role of export quality improvement. GeoJournal. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10708-020-10270-9

Murshed M, Rashid S (2020) An empirical investigation of real exchange rate responses to foreign currency inflows: revisiting the Dutch disease phenomenon in South Asia. Econ Financ Lett 7(1):23–46. https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.29.2020.71.23.46

Murshed M, Tanha MM (2020) Oil price shocks and renewable energy transition: empirical evidence from net oil-importing South Asian economies. Energy Ecol Environ. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40974-020-00168-0

Murshed M, Abass K, Rashid S (2020a) Modeling renewable energy adoption across South Asian economies: empirical evidence from Bangladesh, India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. Int J Finance Econ. https://doi.org/10.1002/IJFE.2073

Murshed M, Nurmakhanova M, Elheddadd M, Ahmed R (2020b) Value addition in the services sector and its heterogeneous impacts on CO2 emissions: revisiting the EKC hypothesis for the OPEC using panel spatial estimation techniques. Environ Sci Pollut Res. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-09593-4

Narayan PK, Narayan S (2010) Carbon dioxide emissions and economic growth: panel data evidence from developing countries. Energ policy 38(1):661–666

Nguyen TT, Pham TAT, Tram HTX (2020) Role of information and communication technologies and innovation in driving carbon emissions and economic growth in selected G-20 countries. J Environ Manag 261:110162

OECD (2017) Promoting clean urban public transportation and green investment in Kazakhstan, green finance and investment. OECD Publishing, Paris. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264279643-en

Olale E, Ochuodho TO, Lantz V, El Armali J (2018) The environmental Kuznets curve model for greenhouse gas emissions in Canada. J Clean Prod 184:859–868

Orubu CO, Omotor DG (2011) Environmental quality and economic growth: searching for environmental Kuznets curves for air and water pollutants in Africa. Energy Policy 39(7):4178–4188

Paolo Miglietta P, De Leo F, Toma P (2017) Environmental Kuznets curve and the water footprint: an empirical analysis. Water Environ J 31(1):20–30

Pata UK (2018) The influence of coal and noncarbohydrate energy consumption on CO2 emissions: revisiting the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis for Turkey. Energy 160:1115–1123

Pata UK, Aydin M (2020) Testing the EKC hypothesis for the top six hydropower energy-consuming countries: evidence from Fourier Bootstrap ARDL procedure. J Clean Prod 264:121699

Pedroni P (1999) Critical values for cointegration tests in heterogeneous panels with multiple regressors. Oxf Bull Econ Stat 61(S1):653–670

Pesaran MH (2004) General diagnostic tests for cross section dependence in panels. Cambridge Working Paper in Economics No. 0435

Pesaran MH (2006) Estimation and inference in large heterogeneous panels with a multifactor error structure. Econometrica 74(4):967–1012

Pesaran MH (2007) A simple panel unit root test in the presence of cross-section dependence. J Appl Econom 22(2):265–312

Pesaran MH, Smith R (1995) Estimating long-run relationships from dynamic heterogeneous panels. J Econom 68(1):79–113

Pesaran MH, Yamagata T (2008) Testing slope homogeneity in large panels. J Econom 142(1):50–93

Peters GP, Minx JC, Weber CL, Edenhofer O (2011) Growth in emission transfers via international trade from 1990 to 2008. Proc Natl Acad Sci 108(21):8903–8908

Phillips PC, Hansen BE (1990) Statistical inference in instrumental variables regression with I (1) processes. Rev Econ Stud 57(1):99–125

Rafindadi AA, Usman O (2019) Globalization, energy use, and environmental degradation in South Africa: startling empirical evidence from the Maki-cointegration test. J Environ Manag 244:265–275

Rapach DE, Wohar ME, Beladi H, Choi K (eds) (2008) Forecasting in the presence of structural breaks and model uncertainty. Emerald Group Publishing, Bingley

Raslavičius L, Keršys A, Mockus S, Keršienė N, Starevičius M (2014) Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) as a medium-term option in the transition to sustainable fuels and transport. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 32:513–525

Saboori B, Al-mulali U, Bin Baba M, Mohammed AH (2014) Oil-Induced environmental Kuznets curve in organization of petroleum exporting countries (OPEC). Int J Green Energy 13(4):408–416. https://doi.org/10.1080/15435075.2014.961468

Saint Akadiri S, Alola AA, Olasehinde-Williams G, Etokakpan MU (2020) The role of electricity consumption, globalization and economic growth in carbon dioxide emissions and its implications for environmental sustainability targets. Sci Total Environ 708:134653

Saleem H, Khan MB, Shabbir MS (2020) The role of financial development, energy demand, and technological change in environmental sustainability agenda: evidence from selected Asian countries. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27(5):5266–5280

Shahbaz M, Dube S, Ozturk I, Jalil A (2015) Testing the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis in Portugal. Int J Energy Econ Policy 5(2):475–481

Shahbaz M, Haouas I, Van Hoang TH (2019a) Economic growth and environmental degradation in Vietnam: is the environmental Kuznets curve a complete picture? Emerg Mark Rev 38:197–218

Shahbaz M, Mahalik MK, Shahzad SJH, Hammoudeh S (2019b) Testing the globalization-driven carbon emissions hypothesis: international evidence. Int Econ 158:25–38

Shahzad SJH, Kumar RR, Zakaria M, Hurr M (2017) Carbon emission, energy consumption, trade openness and financial development in Pakistan: a revisit. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 70:185–192

Shao Q, Wang X, Zhou Q, Balogh L (2019) Pollution haven hypothesis revisited: a comparison of the BRICS and MINT countries based on VECM approach. J Clean Prod 227:724–738

Stratas Advisors (2019) Asia’s growing dependence on US LPG. https://stratasadvisors.com/Insights/2019/12102019-Downstream-Asia-LPG-Dependence. Accessed 30 June 2020

Suki NM, Sharif A, Afshan S, Suki NM (2020) Revisiting the environmental Kuznets curve in Malaysia: the role of globalization in sustainable environment. J Clean Prod 121669

UNDP (2018) Goal 13: climate action. United Nations Development Programme. http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sustainable-development-goals/goal-13-climate-action.html. Accessed 30 June 2020

UNEP (2019) Emissions gap report 2019. United Nations Environment Programme, Nairobi. http://www.unenvironment.org/emissionsgap. Accessed 30 June 2020

USEIA (2019) International energy statistics. U.S Energy Information Administration. https://www.eia.gov/international/data/world#. Accessed 30 June 2020

Usman O, Iorember PT, Olanipekun IO (2019) Revisiting the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis in India: the effects of energy consumption and democracy. Environ Sci Pollut Res 26(13):13390–13400

Westerlund J (2006) Testing for panel cointegration with multiple structural breaks. Oxf Bull Econ Stat 68(1):101–132

Westerlund J (2007) Testing for error correction in panel data. Oxf Bull Econ Stat 69(6):709–748

Wichangarm M, Matthujak A, Sriveerakul T, Sucharitpwatskul S, Phongthanapanich S (2020) Investigation on thermal efficiency of LPG cooking burner using computational fluid dynamics. Energy 203:117849

Winijkul E, Bond TC (2016) Emissions from residential combustion considering end-uses and spatial constraints: part II, emission reduction scenarios. Atmos Environ 124:1–11

WLPGA (2014) LPG and electricity demand-side management. World LP Gas Association. https://www.wlpga.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/lpg-and-electricity-demand-side-management.pdf. Accessed 30 June 2020

WLPGA (2015) LPG and the global energy transition. World LPG Association. https://www.wlpga.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/lpg-and-energy-transition.pdf. Accessed 30 June 2020

World Bank (2019) World development indicators. The World Bank. https://databank.worldbank.org/source/world-development-indicators#. Accessed 30 June 2020

World Bank (2020) Global economic prospects: slow growth, policy changes. World Bank. https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2020/01/08/january-2020-global-economic-prospects-slow-growth-policy-challenges. Accessed 30 June 2020

Yusuf AM, Abubakar AB, Mamman SO (2020) Relationship between greenhouse gas emission, energy consumption, and economic growth: evidence from some selected oil-producing African countries. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27:15815–15823

Zafar MW, Saud S, Hou F (2019) The impact of globalization and financial development on environmental quality: evidence from selected countries in the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Environ Sci Pollut Res 26(13):13246–13262

Zaman K, Shahbaz M, Loganathan N, Raza SA (2016) Tourism development, energy consumption and environmental Kuznets curve: trivariate analysis in the panel of developed and developing countries. Tour Manag 54:275–283

Zeren F, Akkuş HT (2020) The relationship between renewable energy consumption and trade openness: new evidence from emerging economies. Renew Energy 147:322–329

Zhang B, Wang B, Wang Z (2017) Role of renewable energy and non-renewable energy consumption on EKC: evidence from Pakistan. J Clean Prod 156:855–864