Construct Validity of the Offer Self-Image Questionnaire and Its Relationship with Self-Esteem, Depression, and Ego Development

Journal of Youth and Adolescence - Tập 34 - Trang 389-400 - 2005
Kaj Lindfors1, Marko Elovainio2, Jari Sinkkonen3, Veikko Aalberg4, Risto Vuorinen1
1Department of Psychology, University of Helsinki
2National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health
3Save the Children, Helsinki
4University of Helsinki

Tóm tắt

Construct validity of the Offer Self-Image Questionnaire (OSIQ) was studied in a sample of 194 normal Finnish adolescents from 14 to 16 years of age. Confirmatory factor analysis provided support for the hierarchical structure of adolescents’ self-image with 5 lower-order factors loading on a single higher-order factor. Lower-order factors were Personally Anxious Self, Social Relationships, Sexual Attitudes, Family Relationships, and Social Conscience. The relationships between the self-image areas of the OSIQ, global self-esteem, depression, and ego development were also examined. The results support the construct, convergent, and discriminant validity of the presented structure of the OSIQ.

Tài liệu tham khảo

Alfeld-Liro, C., and Sigelman, C. K. (1998). Sex differences in self-concept and symptoms of depression during the transition to college. J. Youth Adolesc. 27: 219–244. Blascovich, J., and Tomaka, J. (1991). Measures of self-esteem. In Robinson, J. P., Shaver, P. R., and Wrightsman, L. S. (eds.), Measures of Personality and Social Psychology Attitudes. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Bolognini, M., Plancherel, B., Bettschart, W., and Halfon, O. (1996). Self-esteem and mental health in early adolescence: Developmental and gender differences. J. Adolesc. 19: 233–245. Browning, D. L. (1987). Ego development, authoritarianism, and social status: An investigation of the incremental validity of Loevinger’s Sentence Completion Test (Short Form). J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 53: 113–118. Byrne, B. M. (1998). Structural equation modeling with LISREL, PRELIS, and SIMPLIS: Basic concepts, applications, and programming. Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ. City of Helsinki Urban Facts (1997). Helsingin kaupungin tietokeskuksen tilastoja 1997:12 [City of Helsinki Urban Facts Statistics 1997:12]. City of Helsinki Urban Facts, Helsinki. Dudley, H. K., Craig, E. M., and Mason, J. M. (1981). The measurement of adolescent personality dimensions: The MMPI and the Offer Self-Image Questionnaire for adolescents. Adolescence 16: 453–469. Erkolahti, R., Janssen, J., Offer, D., and Steinhausen, H. C., (1992). Comparison of the self-image of teenagers in Finland, the United States, and Germany. J. Adolesc. Health. 13: 392–395. Harré, R. (1998). The Singular Self: An Introduction to the Psychology of Personhood. Sage, London. Hauser, S. T., Jacobson, A. M., Noam, G., and Powers, S. (1983). Ego development and self-image complexity in early adolescence. Arch. Gen. Psychiat. 40: 325–332. Hauser, S. T., Powers, S. I., Noam, G. G., Jacobson, A. M., Weiss, B., and Follansbee, D. J. (1984). Familial contexts of adolescent ego development. Child Dev. 55: 195–213. Hay, I. (2000). Gender self-concept profiles of adolescents suspended from high school. J. Child Psychol. Psychiat. 41: 345–352. Hu, L., and Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Struct. Eq. Model. 6: 1–55. Hy, L., and Loevinger, J. (1996). Measuring ego development. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc., Mahwah, NJ. Jöreskog, K., and Sörbom, D. (2001). LISREL 8.51. Scientific Software, Chicago. Koenig, L. J. (1988). Self-image of emotionally disturbed adolescents. J. Abnorm. Child Psychol. 16: 111–126. Korhonen, V., Laukkanen, E., Peiponen, S., Lehtonen, J., and Viinamäki, H. (2001). Effect of major depression on the self-image of adolescent boys and girls. J. Youth Adolesc. 30: 697–706. Kovacs, M. (1992). The Children’s Depression Inventory. Multi-Health Systems, North Tonowanda, NY. Larson, R., and Richards, M. H. (1991). Daily companionships in late childhood and early adolescence: Changing developmental contexts. Child Dev. 62: 284–300. Laukkanen, E., Halonen, P., Aivio, A., Viinamäki, H., and Lehtonen, J. (2000). Construct validity of the Offer Self-Image Questionnaire in Finnish 13-year-old adolescents: Differences in the self-images of boys and girls. Nord. J. Psychiat. 54: 431–435. Laukkanen, E., Halonen, P., and Viinamäki, H. (1999). Stability and internal consistency of the Offer Self-Image Questionnaire: A study of Finnish adolescents. J. Youth Adolesc. 28: 71–77. Laukkanen, E., Peiponen, S., Halonen, P., Aivio, A., and Viinamäki, H. (1999). Discriminant validity of the Offer Self-Image Questionnaire in Finnish 13-year-old adolescents. Nord. J. Psychiat. 53: 197–201. Laukkanen, E. R., Shemeikka, S. L., Viinamäki, H. T., Pölkki, P. L., and Lehtonen, J. O. (2001). Heavy drinking is associated with more severe psychosocial dysfunction among girls than boys in Finland. J. Adolesc. Health 28: 270–277. Lewinsohn, P. M., Seeley, J. R., and Gotlib, I. H. (1997). Depression-related psychosocial variables: Are they specific to depression in adolescents? J. Abnorm. Psychol. 106: 365–375. Loevinger, J. (1966). The meaning and measurement of ego development. Am. Psychol. 21: 195–206. Loevinger, J. (1976). Ego Development: Conceptions and Theories. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco. Loevinger, J. (1993). Measurement of personality: True or false. Psychol. Inq. 4: 1–16. Manners, J., and Durkin, K. (2001). A critical review of the validity of ego development theory and its measurement. J. Pers. Assess. 77: 541–567. Offer, D., and Howard, K. I. (1972). An empirical analysis of the Offer Self-Image Questionnaire for adolescents. Arch. Gen. Psychiat. 27: 529–537. Offer, D., Kaiz, M., Howard, K. I., and Bennett, E. S. (1998). Emotional variables in adolescence, and their stability and contribution to the mental health of adult men: Implications for early intervention strategies. J. Youth Adolesc. 27: 675–689. Offer, D., Ostrov, E., and Howard, K. I. (1981). The Adolescent: A Psychological Self-Portrait. Basic Books, New York. Offer, D., Ostrov, E., Howard, K. I., and Atkinson, R. (1988). The Teenage World: Adolescent Self-Image in Ten Countries. Plenum, New York. Offer, D., Ostrov, E., Howard, K. I., and Dolan, S. (1989). A Manual for the Offer Self-Image Questionnaire for Adolescents (OSIQ) (4th edn.). Michael Reese Hospital, Chicago. Patton, W., and Noller, P. (1994). The offer self-image questionnaire for adolescents: Psychometric properties and factor structure. J. Youth Adolesc. 23: 19–41. Petersen, A. C., Schulenberg, J. E., Abramowitz, R. H., Offer, D., and Jarcho, H. D. (1984). A self-image questionnaire for young adolescents (SIQYA): Reliability and validity studies. J. Youth Adolesc. 15: 93–111. Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ. Skoe, E. A. E., and von der Lippe, A. L. (2002). Ego development and the ethics of care and justice: The relations among them revisited. J. Pers. 70: 485–508. Wells, L. E., and Marwell, G. (1976). Self-esteem: Its conceptualizations and measurement. Sage, Beverly Hills, California. Whalen, S., and Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1989). A comparison of the self-image of talented teenagers with a normal adolescent population. J. Youth Adolesc. 18: 131–146.