Conserved characteristics of ocular refractive development – Did the eye evolve once?

Andreazzoli, 2009, Molecular regulation of vertebrate retina cell fate, Birth Defects Res. Part C Embryo Today - Rev., 87, 284, 10.1002/bdrc.20161 Ashery-Padan, 2000, Pax6 activity in the lens primordium is required for lens formation and for correct placement of a single retina in the eye, Genes Dev., 14, 2701, 10.1101/gad.184000 Chen, 2011, Selective breeding for susceptibility to myopia reveals a gene-environment interaction, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 52, 4003, 10.1167/iovs.10-7044 Cvekl, 2017, PAX6: 25th anniversary and more to learn, Exp. Eye Res., 156, 10, 10.1016/j.exer.2016.04.017 Cvekl, 1996, Lens development and crystallin gene expression: many roles for Pax-6, Bioessays, 18, 621, 10.1002/bies.950180805 Darwin, 1859 Donders, 1864 Gehring, 2002, The genetic control of eye development and its implications for the evolution of the various eye-types, Int. J. Dev. Biol., 46, 65 Godfrey-Smith, 2016 Halder, 1995, New perspectives on eye evolution, Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev., 5, 602, 10.1016/0959-437X(95)80029-8 Halder, 1995, Induction of ectopic eyes by targeted expression of the eyeless gene in Drosophila, Science, 257, 1788, 10.1126/science.7892602 Harada, 2007, Molecular regulation of visual system development: more than meets the eye, Genes Dev., 21, 367, 10.1101/gad.1504307 Hill, 1991, Mouse Small eye results from mutations in a paired-like homeobox-containing gene, Nature, 354, 522, 10.1038/354522a0 Holden, 2016, Global prevalence of myopia and high myopia and temporal trends from 2000 through 2050, Ophthalmology, 123, 1036, 10.1016/j.ophtha.2016.01.006 Howlett, 2006, Form-deprivation in the Guinea pig (Cavia porcellus), Vis. Res., 46, 267, 10.1016/j.visres.2005.06.036 Irving, 1991, Inducing myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism in chicks, Optom. Vis. Sci., 68, 364, 10.1097/00006324-199105000-00007 Irving, 1995, Inducing ametropias in hatchling chicks by defocus - effect of aperture size, shape and cylindrical lenses, Vis. Res., 35, 1165, 10.1016/0042-6989(94)00235-E Jung, 2012, Prevalence of myopia and its association with body stature and educational level in 19 year-old male conscripts in Seoul, South Korea, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 53, 5579, 10.1167/iovs.12-10106 Koenig, 2016, Eye development and photoreceptor differentiation in the cephalopod Doryteuthis pealeii, Development, 143, 3168, 10.1242/dev.134254 Krogh, 1929, The progress of physiology, Am. J. Physiol., 90, 243, 10.1152/ajplegacy.1929.90.2.243 Kumar, 2009, The sine oculis homeobox (SIX) family of transcription factors as regulators of development and disease, Cell. Mol. Life Sci., 66, 565, 10.1007/s00018-008-8335-4 Lamb, 2007, Evolution of the vertebrate eye: opsins, photoreceptors, retina and eye cup, Nat. Rev. Neurosci., 8, 960, 10.1038/nrn2283 Lane, 2015 Lin, 1999, Epidemiologic study of ocular refraction among schoolchildren in Taiwan in 1995, Optom. Vis. Sci., 76, 275, 10.1097/00006324-199905000-00013 McBrien, 1993, Experimental myopia in a diurnal mammal (Sciurus carolinensis) with no accommodative ability, J. Physiol., 469, 427, 10.1113/jphysiol.1993.sp019821 Mutti, 1996, Myopia the nature versus nurture debate goes on, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 37, 952 Navet, 2017, The Pax gene family: highlights from cephalopods, PLoS One, 12, 10.1371/journal.pone.0172719 Nickla, 2015, Choroidal thickness predicts ocular growth in normal chicks but not in eyes with experimentally altered growth, Clin. Exp. Optom., 98, 564, 10.1111/cxo.12317 Packard, 1972, Cephalopods and fish: the limits of convergence, Biol. Rev. Camb. Phil. Soc., 47, 241, 10.1111/j.1469-185X.1972.tb00975.x Rucker, 2009, Chick eyes compensate for chromatic simulations of hyperopic and myopic defocus: evidence that the eye uses longitudinal chromatic aberration to guide eye-growth, Vis. Res., 49, 1775, 10.1016/j.visres.2009.04.014 Schaeffel, 1988, Accommodation, refractive error and eye growth in chickens, Vis. Res., 5, 639, 10.1016/0042-6989(88)90113-7 Shen, 2007, Eyes of a lower vertebrate are susceptible to the visual environment, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 48, 4829, 10.1167/iovs.06-1273 Shen, 2005, Inducing form-deprivation myopia in fish, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 46, 1797, 10.1167/iovs.04-1318 Sherman, 1977, Myopia in the lid-sutured tree shrew (Tupaia glis), Brain Res., 124, 154, 10.1016/0006-8993(77)90872-1 Sivak, 2004, Through the lens clearly; phylogeny and ontogeny, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 45, 740, 10.1167/iovs.03-0466 Sivak, 2000, Pax-6 expression and activity are induced in the reepithelializing cornea and control activity of the transcriptional promotor for matrix metalloproteinase gelatinase B, Dev. Biol., 222, 41, 10.1006/dbio.2000.9694 Stone, 2016, Development of experimental myopia in chicks, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 57, 4779, 10.1167/iovs.16-19310 Suga, 2010, Flexibly deployed Pax genes in eye development at the early evolution of animals demonstrated by studies on a hydrozoan jellyfish, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. Unit. States Am., 107, 14263, 10.1073/pnas.1008389107 Sun, 2012, High prevalence of myopia and high myopia in 5060 Chinese university students in Shanghai, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 53, 7504, 10.1167/iovs.11-8343 Tejedor, 2003, Refractive changes induced by form deprivation in the mouse eye, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 44, 32, 10.1167/iovs.01-1171 Ton, 1991, Positional cloning and characterization of a paired box- and homeobox-containing gene from the aniridia region, Cell, 67, 1059, 10.1016/0092-8674(91)90284-6 Turnbull, 2015, Visually guided eye growth in the squid, Curr. Biol., 25, R791, 10.1016/j.cub.2015.07.073 Vitale, 2009, Increased prevalence of myopia in the United States between 1971-1972 and 1999-2004, Arch. Ophthalmol., 127, 1632, 10.1001/archophthalmol.2009.303 von Helmholtz, 1909, vol. I Wagner, 2007, The developmental genetics of homology, Nat. Rev. Genet., 8, 473, 10.1038/nrg2099 Wald, 1960, The distribution and evolution of visual systems, 311 Wallman, 1978, Extreme myopia produced by modest change in early visual experience, Science, 201, 1249, 10.1126/science.694514 Walther, 1991, Pax-6, a murine paired box gene, is expressed in the developing CNS, Development, 113, 1435, 10.1242/dev.113.4.1435 Wang, 2015, Both the central and peripheral retina contribute to myopia development in chicks, Ophthalmic Physiol. Optic., 35, 652, 10.1111/opo.12239 Wiesel, 1977, Myopia and eye enlargement after neonatal lid fusion in monkeys, Nature, 266, 66, 10.1038/266066a0 Yoshida, 2014, Cephalopod eye evolution was modulated by the acquisition of Pax-6 splicing variants, Sci. Rep., 4, 4256, 10.1038/srep04256