Consequences of Sarcopenia

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Visser, 1998, High body fatness, but not low fat-free mass, predicts disability in older men and women: the Cardiovascular Health Study, Am J Clin Nutr, 68, 584, 10.1093/ajcn/68.3.584

Visser, 2005, Muscle mass, muscle strength, and muscle fat infiltration as predictors of incident mobility limitations in well-functioning older persons, J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 60, 324, 10.1093/gerona/60.3.324

Gallagher, 1997, Appendicular skeletal muscle mass: effects of age, gender, and ethnicity, J Appl Physiol, 83, 229, 10.1152/jappl.1997.83.1.229

Fantin, 2007, Longitudinal body composition changes in old men and women: interrelationships with worsening disability, J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 62, 1375, 10.1093/gerona/62.12.1375

Bouchard, 2010, Dynapenic-obesity and physical function in older adults, J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 65, 71, 10.1093/gerona/glp159

Visser, 2000, Skeletal muscle mass and muscle strength in relation to lower-extremity performance in older men and women, J Am Geriatr Soc, 48, 381, 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2000.tb04694.x

Lauretani, 2003, Age-associated changes in skeletal muscles and their effect on mobility: an operational diagnosis of sarcopenia, J Appl Physiol, 95, 1851, 10.1152/japplphysiol.00246.2003

Ferrucci, 2002, Change in muscle strength explains accelerated decline of physical function in older women with high interleukin-6 serum levels, J Am Geriatr Soc, 50, 1947, 10.1046/j.1532-5415.2002.50605.x

Rantanen, 1999, Midlife hand grip strength as a predictor of old age disability, JAMA, 281, 558, 10.1001/jama.281.6.558

Szulc, 2005, Low skeletal muscle mass is associated with poor structural parameters of bone and impaired balance in elderly men–The MINOS Study, J Bone Miner Res, 20, 721, 10.1359/JBMR.041230

Moreland, 2004, Weakness and falls in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis, J Am Geriatr Soc, 52, 1121, 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2004.52310.x

Stalenhoef, 2002, A risk model for the prediction of recurrent falls in community-dwelling elderly: a prospective cohort study, J Clin Epidemiol, 55, 1088, 10.1016/S0895-4356(02)00502-4

Pluijm, 2006, A risk profile for identifying community-dwelling elderly with a high risk of recurrent falling: results of a 3-year prospective study, Osteoporos Int, 17, 417, 10.1007/s00198-005-0002-0

Lamb, 2008, The optimal sequence and selection of screening test items to predict fall risk in older disabled women: the Women’s Health and Aging Study, J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 63, 1082, 10.1093/gerona/63.10.1082

Gillespie, 2009, Interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2, 10.1002/14651858.CD007146.pub2

Miller, 2002, Corrected arm muscle area: an independent predictor of long-term mortality in community-dwelling older adults?, J Am Geriatr Soc, 50, 1272, 10.1046/j.1532-5415.2002.50316.x

Enoki, 2007, Anthropometric measurements of mid-upper arm as a mortality predictor for community-dwelling Japanese elderly: the Nagoya Longitudinal Study of Frail Elderly (NLS-FE), Clin Nutr, 26, 597, 10.1016/j.clnu.2007.06.008

Wannamethee, 2007, Decreased muscle mass and increased central adiposity are independently related to mortality in older men, Am J Clin Nutr, 86, 1339, 10.1093/ajcn/86.5.1339

Gale, 2007, Grip strength, body composition, and mortality, Int J Epidemiol, 36, 228, 10.1093/ije/dyl224

Heitmann, 2000, Mortality associated with body fat, fat-free mass and body mass index among 60-year-old Swedish men: a 22-year follow-up. The study of men born in 1913, Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord, 24, 33, 10.1038/sj.ijo.0801082

Bigaard, 2004, Body fat and fat-free mass and all-cause mortality, Obes Res, 12, 1042, 10.1038/oby.2004.131

Dolan, 2007, Associations between body composition, anthropometry, and mortality in women aged 65 years and older, Am J Public Health, 97, 913, 10.2105/AJPH.2005.084178

Sui, 2007, Cardiorespiratory fitness and adiposity as mortality predictors in older adults, JAMA, 298, 2507, 10.1001/jama.298.21.2507

Newman, 2006, Strength, but not muscle mass, is associated with mortality in the health, aging and body composition study cohort, J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 61, 72, 10.1093/gerona/61.1.72

Szulc, 2010, Rapid loss of appendicular skeletal muscle mass is associated with higher all-cause mortality in older men: the prospective MINOS study, Am J Clin Nutr, 91, 1227, 10.3945/ajcn.2009.28256

Roubenoff, 2003, Cytokines, insulin-like growth factor 1, sarcopenia, and mortality in very old community-dwelling men and women: the Framingham Heart Study, Am J Med, 115, 429, 10.1016/j.amjmed.2003.05.001

Metter, 2002, Skeletal muscle strength as a predictor of all-cause mortality in healthy men, J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 57, B359, 10.1093/gerona/57.10.B359

Rantanen, 2003, Handgrip strength and cause-specific and total mortality in older disabled women: exploring the mechanism, J Am Geriatr Soc, 51, 636, 10.1034/j.1600-0579.2003.00207.x

Buchman, 2008, Pulmonary function, muscle strength and mortality in old age, Mech Ageing Dev, 129, 625, 10.1016/j.mad.2008.07.003

Metter, 2004, Arm-cranking muscle power and arm isometric muscle strength are independent predictors of all-cause mortality in men, J Appl Physiol, 96, 814, 10.1152/japplphysiol.00370.2003

Buchman, 2007, Change in motor function and risk of mortality in older persons, J Am Geriatr Soc, 55, 11, 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2006.01032.x