Conflict management in the modern world-system
Tóm tắt
What is the relationship between the status of nation-states in the modern world-system and their strategies for conflict management? Using Wallerstein's world-systems theory, Kick's empirical specifications of core, semiperiphery, and periphery, and Black's theory of conflict management, I examine the use of self-help, avoidance, negotiation, and third-party settlement by nation-states. These possible tactics are variously used as forms of social control from below, social control from above, and social control between equals. I argue that the status of nations within the world-system is correlated with the primary mode of conflict management they use at a given time. I speculate that the use of a particular strategy may also subsequently contribute to changes in nations' status.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Abrahamson, Mark, andLee Sigelman 1987 “Occupational sex-segregation in metropolitan-areas.” American Sociological Review 52:588–597.
Babin, Nehama 1989 “Military spending, economic growth, and the time factor.” Armed Forces and Society 15:249–262.
1984 “Social control from below.” In Donald Black (ed.), Toward a General Theory of Social Control, Vol. 1: Fundamentals: 303–345. Orlando, FL: Academic Press.
1988 The Moral Order of a Suburb. New York: Oxford University Press.
Benoit, Emile 1973 Defense and Economic Growth in Developing Countries. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.
1984a “Social control as a dependent variable.” In Donald Black (ed.), Toward a General Theory of Social Control, Vol. 1: Fundamentals: 1–36. Orlando, FL: Academic Press.
1990 “The elementary forms of conflict management.” In New Directions in the Study of Justice, Law, and Social Control: 43–69. Prepared by the School of Justice Studies, Arizona State University. New York: Plenum Press.
1984b Toward a General Theory of Social Control, Vol. 1: Fundamentals. Orlando, FL: Academic Press.
1984c Toward a General Theory of Social Control, Vol. 2: Selected Problems. Orlando, FL: Academic Press.
Black, Donald, andM. P. Baumgartner 1983 “Toward a theory of the third party.” In Keith O. Boyum and Lynn Mather (eds.), Empirical Theories About Courts: 84–114. New York: Longman.
Bollen, Kenneth 1983 “World-system position, dependency and democracy: the cross-national evidence.” American Sociological Review 48:468–479.
Boswell, Terry, andWilliam J. Dixon 1990 “Dependency and rebellion: A cross-national analysis.” American Sociological Review 55:540–559.
Davis, Bryon L., Edward L. Kick, andDavid Kiefer 1989 “The world-system, militarization and national development.” In R. Schaeffer (ed.), War in the World-System: 27–46. New York: Greenwood Press.
Deger, Saadet 1986 Military Expenditure in Third World Countries. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
Deger, Saadet, andR. Smith 1983 “Military expenditures and growth in less developed countries.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 27:335–353.
1984 Critique and Anti-Critique: Essays on Dependence and Reformism. New York: Praeger.
1987 “Political ironies in the world economy.” In Terry Boswell and Albert Bergesen (eds.), America's Changing Role in the World-System: 25–55. New York: Praeger.
Galtung, Johan 1984 There Are Alternatives! Four Roads to Peace and Security. Nottingham, England: Spokesman.
Gulliver, P. H. 1979 Disputes and Negotiations: A Cross-Cultural Perspective. New York: Academic Press.
Haas, Ernst 1961 “International integration: The European and the universal process.” Journal of International Organizations 15:336–392.
Holbraad, Carsten 1979 Superpowers and International Conflict. New York: Macmillan.
Holsti, Ole R., P. Terrance Hopmann, andJohn D. Sullivan 1973 Unity and Disintegration in International Alliances: Comparative Studies. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Hopkins, Terence K., andImmanuel Wallerstein, eds. 1980 Processes of the World-System, Vol. 3. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Kennedy, Paul 1987 The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers: Economic Change and Military Conflict from 1500–2000. New York: Random House.
Kick, Edward L. 1987 “World-system structure, national development, and the prospects for a socialist world order.” In Terry Boswell and Albert Bergesen (eds.), America's Changing Role in the World-System: 127–156. New York: Praeger.
Kick, Edward L., andBam Dev Sharda 1986 “Third world militarization and development.” Journal of Developing Societies 2:49–67.
Losman, Donald L. 1979 International Economic Sanctions. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.
Muller, Edward N. 1988 “Democracy, economic development, and income inequality.” American Sociological Review 53:50–68.
Semyonov, Moshe 1988 “Bi-ethnic labor markets, mono-ethnic labor markets and socioeconomic inequality.” American Sociological Review 53:256–266.
Slomczynski, Kazimierz M., andTadeusz K. Krauze 1987 “Cross-national similarity in social mobility patterns: A direct test of the Featherman-Jones-Houser hypothesis.” American Sociological Review 52:598–611.
Snyder, David, andEdward L. Kick 1979 “Structural position in the world-system and economic growth, 1955–1970: A multiple network analysis of transnational interactions.” American Journal of Sociology 84:1096–1125.
Szymanski, Albert 1981 The Logic of Imperialism. New York: Praeger.
Taylor, Patricia A. 1987 “The celebration of heroes under communism: On honors and the reproduction of inequality.” American Sociological Review 52:143–154.
1974a The Modern World-System, Vol. I: Capitalist Agriculture and the Origins of the European World-Economy in the Sixteenth Century. New York: Academic Press.
1974b “The rise and future demise of the world capitalist system: Concepts for a comparative analysis.” Comparative Studies in Society and History 16:387–415.
1979 The Capitalist World-Economy. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
1980 The Modern World-System, Vol. II: Mercantilism and the Consolidation of the European World-Economy, 1600–1750. New York: Academic Press.
1989 The Modern World-System, Vol. III: The Second Era of Great Expansion of the Capitalist World-Economy, 1730–1840s. New York: Academic Press.
Weede, Erich 1983 “Military participation ratios, human capital formation, and economic growth: A cross-national analysis.” Journal of Political and Military Sociology 11:11–19
Wong, Raymond Sin-Kwok 1990 “Understanding cross-national variation in occupational mobility.” American Sociological Review 55:560–573
Wright, Erik Olin 1985 Classes. London: Verso.