Concept of randomness in chemistry and ambiguity in the results of chemical experiments
Tóm tắt
A general approach to the analysis of the effect of random factors on processes in physicochemical and chemical systems is proposed. A probabilistic model of a system is constructed, which is based on the principle of variability of complex systems. The simplest functions of distribution of systems with respect to the parameters of state are presented. The function of distribution of replica experiments with respect to the measurement results in the presence of uncontrollable random factors is described.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Lasota, A. and Mackey, M.C.,Probabilities Properties of Deterministic Systems, Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1985.
Frenkel, D. and Smit, B.,Understanding Molecular Simulation, New York: Academic, 1996, ch. 4.
Slobodov, E.B., Kutepov, A.M., and Chepura, I.V., Generalized Analysis of Transfer Processes in Two-Phase Media,Zh. Prikl. Khim. (Leningrad), 1986, vol. 59, no. 2, p. 325.
Kutepov, A.M., Polyanin, A.D., Zapryanov, Z.D.,et al, Khimicheskaya gidrodinamika (Chemical Hydrodynamics), Moscow: Kvantum, 1996.
Kutepov, A.M. and Maksimov, A.I., Low-Pressure Chemically Reactive Plasma Dynamics,Teor. Osn. Khim. Tekhnoi, 1998, vol. 32, no. 4, p. 411.
Shekunov, B.Yu., Dislocation Growth of Crystals at Nonlinear Stage Kinetics and Morphological Stability of Faces,Cand. Sci. (Phys.-Math.) Dissertation, Moscow, 1990.
Martinez, T., Cabrera, L., Navarrete, M.,et al., Gamma Radiation and Radon Levels in Mexico Sity Dwelling,J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., 1995, vol. 193, no. 2, p. 259.
Krasovskii, N.N.,Upravlenie dinamicheskoi sistemoi (Dynamic System Control), Moscow: Nauka, 1985.
Vukovic, Z. and Melikhov, I.V., Temporal Variations of the Radioactivity in the Near Ground Layer of Air,Radiochim. Ada, 1996, vol. 75, no. 1, p. 55.
Melikhov, I.V., Some Trends in the Development of Concepts of Engineering Science,Teor. Osn. Khim. Tekhnoi., 1998, vol. 32, no. 4, p. 341.
Major, J., Schneider, H., Seeger,et al., AMOC-Relief,J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., 1995, vol. 190, no. 2, p. 481.
Israelachvili, J.,Intermolecular and Surface Forces, New York: Academic, 1992.
Wong, S.S., Joselevich, E., Wolley, A.T.,et al, Covalently Functionalized Nanotubes as Nanometre-Sized Probes in Chemistry and Biology,Nature (London), 1998, vol. 394, no. 6688, p. 52.
McKendry, R., Theoclitou, M.-E., Rayment, T, and Abell, C, Chiral Discrimination by Chemical Force Microscopy,Nature (London), 1998, vol. 391, no. 6667, p. 566.
Komarov, V.F., Severin, A.V., and Melikhov, I.V., Growth of Gypsum Crystals,Kristallografiya, 2000, vol. 45, no. 2, p. 305.
Melikhov, I.V., Kelebeev, A.S., and Bacic, S., Electron Microscopic Study of Nucleation and Growth of Highly Dispersed Solid Phase,J. Colloid Interface Sci., 1986, vol. 112, no. l, p. 54.
Melikhov, I.V., Bozhevol’nov, V.E., Gorbachevskii, A.Ya., and Rudin, V.N., Hierarchical Model of Chemical Engineering System,Teor. Osn. Khim. Tekhnoi, 1999, vol. 33, no. 5, p. 455.
Vukovic, Z. and Melikhov, I.V., Elucidation of the Character of Radionuclide Concentration Changes in the Near Ground Layer of Air,J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., 1998, vol. 230, no. 1/2, p. 315.
Levich, V.G., Vdovin, Yu.A., and Myamlin, V.A.,Kurs teoreticheskoi fiziki (Course of Theoretical Physics), Moscow: Nauka, 1971, vol. 2.
Melikhov, I.V., On the Fundamental Law of Spontaneous Crystallization,Zh. Fiz. Khim., 1989, vol. 63, no. 2, p. 476.
Slin’ko, M.G., Zelenyak, T.I., Akramov, TA.,et al, Nonlinear Dynamics of Catalytic Reactions and Processes,Mat. Modelirovanie, 1997, vol. 9, no. 12, p. 87.
Ciriani, T.A.,Optimization in Industry, New York: Wiley, 1993.
Bostanov, V, Electrocrystallization of Silver: Growth Kinetics of Screw-Dislocation-Free Crystal Faces,J. Cryst. Growth, 1977, vol. 42, no. 1, p. 194.
Chernov, A.A.,Sovremennaya kristallografiya (Modern Crystallography), Moscow: Nauka, 1980, vol. 3.
Chemical Waves and Patterns, Kapral, R. and Showalter, K., Eds., Dordrecht: Kluwer, 1995.
Regev, O., Nucleation Events during the Synthesis of Mesoporous Materials Using Liquid Crystalline Templating,Langmuir, 1996, vol. 12, p. 4940.
Tiller, W.A.,The Science of Crystallization, Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1991.
Maslov, V.P., Danilov, V.G., and Voloskov, K.A.,Matematicheskoe modelirovanie protsessov teplomassoperenosa. Evolyutsiya dissipativnykh Struktur (Mathematical Modeling of Heat and Mass Transfer. Evolution of Dissipative Structures), Moscow: Nauka, 1987.
Klabunde, K.J.,Free Atoms, Clusters and Nanoscale Particles, New York: Academic, 1994.
Devyatykh, G.G. and Burkhanov, G.S.,Vysokochistye tugoplavkie i redkie metally (High-Purity Refractory and Rare Metals), Moscow: Nauka, 1993.
Rashkovich, L.N. and Shekunov, B.Yu., Effect of Impurities on the Growth Kinetics and Face Morphology,Rost kristallov (Crystal Growth), Moscow: Nauka, 1990, vol. 18, p. 124.
Popov, Yu.A.,Teoriya vzaimodeistviya metallov i splavov s korrozionno-aktivnoi sredoi (Theory of the Interaction of Metals and Alloys with a Corrosive Medium), Moscow: Nauka, 1995.
Ivanov, A.P.,Dinamika sistem s mekhanicheskimi soudareniyami (Dynamics of Systems with Collisions), Moscow: Mezhdunarodnaya Programma Obrazovaniya, 1997.
Melikhov, I.V., Bozhevol’nov, V.E., Nikolaev, A.L.,etal, Reactivity of Fluorapatite,Zh. Fiz. Khim., 1995, vol. 68, no. 3, p. 425.
Melikhov, I.V., Podkopov, V.M., Ilyin, B.A., and Kozlovskaya, E.D., Periodical Crystallization Variability,Chem. Eng. Sci., 1996, vol. 51, no. 5, p. 671.
McCartney, E.R. and Alexander, A.E., The Effect of Additives upon the Process of Crystallization,J. Colloid Sei, 1958, vol. 13, no. 2, p. 383.
Melikhov, I.V., Bozhevol’nov, V.E., and Firsova, L.P., Mathematical Modeling of Chemical Industrial Wastes,Khim. Prom-st., 1989, no. 12, p. 883.
Obretenov, W. and Bostanov, V., Rate of Crystal Growth by 2D Nucleation,J. Cryst. Growth, 1992, vol. 121, p. 495.
Samarskii, A.A.,Teoriya raznostnykh skhem (Theory of Difference Schemes), Moscow: Nauka, 1989.
Berliner, L.B. and Melikhov, I.V., Method for the Determination of Kinetic Parameters of Periodic Crystallization,Teor. Osn. Khim. Tekhnol, 1985, vol. 19, no. 1, p. 24.