Computer simulation as a macroergonomic approach to assessing nurse workload and biomechanics related to COVID-19 patient care

Abugabah, 2015, Issues to consider in designing health care information systems: a user-centred design approach, Electronic Journal of Health Informatics, 9 Aiken, 2001, Nurses' reports on hospital care in five countries, Health Aff., 20, 43, 10.1377/hlthaff.20.3.43 Aiken, 2012, Patient safety, satisfaction, and quality of hospital care: cross sectional surveys of nurses and patients in 12 countries in Europe and the United States, BMJ, 344, e1717, 10.1136/bmj.e1717 Alexopoulos, 2006, A comparative analysis on musculoskeletal disorders between Greek and Dutch nursing personnel, Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health, 79, 82, 10.1007/s00420-005-0033-z Asgari, 2022, Trunk dynamic stability assessment for individuals with and without nonspecific low back pain during repetitive movement, Hum. Factors, 64, 291, 10.1177/0018720820939697 Banks, 2005 1997 1996 Billings, 2021, Experiences of frontline healthcare workers and their views about support during COVID-19 and previous pandemics: a systematic review and qualitative meta-synthesis, BMC Health Serv. Res., 21, 1, 10.1186/s12913-021-06917-z Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2011, Nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses requiring days away from work 2015 2022 Canadian Healthcare Technology, 2014 2017 Carayon, 2020, Seips 3.0: human-centered design of the patient journey for patient safety, Appl. Ergon., 84 Chaffin, 2005, Improving digital human modelling for proactive ergonomics in design, Ergonomics, 48, 478, 10.1080/00140130400029191 Dawson, 1997, Fatigue, alcohol and performance impairment, Nature, 388, 235, 10.1038/40775 Deeney, 2009, Work related psychosocial risks and musculoskeletal disorders: potential risk factors, causation and evaluation methods, Work, 32, 235 Demirel, 2007 Di Pasquale, 2013, An overview of human reliability analysis techniques in manufacturing operations, Oper. Manag. Dode, 2016, Integrating human factors into discrete event simulation: a proactive approach to simultaneously design for system performance and employees' well being, Int. J. Prod. Res., 54, 3105, 10.1080/00207543.2016.1166287 Dong, 2021, Immediate psychosocial impact on healthcare workers during COVID-19 pandemic in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Front. Psychol., 12 Drews, 2019, Interruptions and delivery of care in the intensive care unit, Hum. Factors, 61, 564, 10.1177/0018720819838090 Endacott, 2021, How Covid-19 has affected staffing models in intensive care: a qualitative study examining alternative staffing models (SEISMIC), J. Adv. Nurs., 00, 1 Farid, 2020, Modelling the effects of employee injury risks on injury, productivity and production quality using system dynamics, Int. J. Prod. Res., 58, 6115, 10.1080/00207543.2019.1667040 Farrington, 2000, Effects on nursing workload of different methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) control strategies, J. Hosp. Infect., 46, 118, 10.1053/jhin.2000.0808 Fatemi, 2008, Discrete event control of an unmanned aircraft Goh, 2016, Job satisfaction, work environment and intention to leave among migrant nurses working in a publicly funded tertiary hospital, J. Nurs. Manag., 24, 893, 10.1111/jonm.12395 Griffiths, 2018, The association between nurse staffing and omissions in nursing care: a systematic review, J. Adv. Nurs., 74, 1474, 10.1111/jan.13564 Günal, 2010, Discrete event simulation for performance modelling in health care: a review of the literature, J. Simulat., 4, 42, 10.1057/jos.2009.25 Hall, 2016, Healthcare staff wellbeing, burnout, and patient safety: a systematic review, PLoS One, 11, 1, 10.1371/journal.pone.0159015 Hanson, 2009, Application of human modelling in health care industry, 521 Hendrick, 2002 Hoad, 2008, Automating warm-up length estimation, Proceedings - Winter Simulation Conference, 532 Hoogendoorn, 2021, The impact of COVID-19 on nursing workload and planning of nursing staff on the Intensive Care: a prospective descriptive multicenter study, Int. J. Nurs. Stud., 121, 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2021.104005 Hussain, 2011 Infor, 2016 2020, The global nursing shortage and nurse retention, Nursing, 13–17 Iwata, 2013, Object-oriented discrete event simulation modeling environment for aerospace vehicle maintenance and logistics process, Proc. Comput. Sci., 16, 187, 10.1016/j.procs.2013.01.020 Jahan, 2021, COVID-19 suicide and its causative factors among the healthcare professionals: case study evidence from press reports, Psychiatr. Care Jun, 1999, Application of discrete-event simulation in health care clinics: a survey, J. Oper. Res. Soc., 50, 109, 10.1057/palgrave.jors.2600669 Karasek, 1979, Job demands, job decision latitude, and mental strain: implications for job redesign, Adm. Sci. Q., 24, 285, 10.2307/2392498 Kazmierczak, 2007, A case study of serial-flow car disassembly: ergonomics, productivity and potential system performance, Hum. Factors Ergon. Manuf., 17, 331, 10.1002/hfm.20078 Keyaerts, 2022, The association between work-related physical and psychosocial factors and musculoskeletal disorders in healthcare workers: moderating role of fear of movement, J. Occup. Health, 64, 10.1002/1348-9585.12314 Kilkenny, 2018, Data quality: “Garbage in – garbage out.”, Health Inf. Manag. J., 47, 103 Koo, 2016, A guideline of selecting and reporting intraclass correlation coefficients for reliability research, Journal of Chiropractic Medicine, 15, 155, 10.1016/j.jcm.2016.02.012 Kolus, 2018, Production quality and human factors engineering: a systematic review and theoretical framework, Appl. Ergon., 73, 55, 10.1016/j.apergo.2018.05.010 Kucera, 2019, Factors associated with lift equipment use during patient lifts and transfers by hospital nurses and nursing care assistants: a prospective observational cohort study, Int. J. Nurs. Stud., 91, 35, 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2018.11.006 Legato, 2001, Berth planning and resources optimisation at a container terminal via discrete event simulation, Eur. J. Oper. Res., 133, 537, 10.1016/S0377-2217(00)00200-9 Li, 2020, A framework for studying risk factors for lower extremity musculoskeletal discomfort in nurses, Ergonomics, 0, 1 Lim, 2019, A time–motion observation study to measure and analyse clinical nursing workload in an acute care hospital in Singapore, Proc. Singapore Healthc., 28, 124, 10.1177/2010105819834569 Lopetegui, 2014, Time motion studies in healthcare: what are we talking about?, J. Biomed. Inf., 49, 292, 10.1016/j.jbi.2014.02.017 Lowe, 2019, Ergonomics assessment methods used by ergonomics professionals, Appl. Ergon., 81 Machado, 2019, Analysis of the influence of standard time variability on the reliability of the simulation of assembly operations in manufacturing systems, Hum. Factors, 61, 627, 10.1177/0018720819829596 Marinho, 2014, Assessment of safety culture by surgical unit nursing teams, Texto & Contexto - Enfermagem, 23, 581, 10.1590/0104-07072014002640012 Menzel, 2007, Psychosocial factors in musculoskeletal disorders, Crit. Care Nurs. Clin., 19, 145, 10.1016/j.ccell.2007.02.006 Mohammadi, 2012, Queuing analytic theory using WITNESS simulation in hospital pharmacy, Ijens.Org, 6, 20 Moss, 2003, Working differently for better, safer care, Qual. Saf. Health Care, 12, 10.1136/qhc.12.suppl_1.i1 2001, Panel on musculoskeletal disorders and the workplace Neumann, 1999, 4D WATBAK: adapting research tools and epidemiological findings to software for easy application by industrial personnel Neumann, 2017, Simulating operator learning during production ramp-up in parallel vs. Serial flow production, Int. J. Prod. Res., 55, 845, 10.1080/00207543.2016.1217362 1994 Norman, 1998, A comparison of peak vs cumulative physical work exposure risk factors for the reporting low back pain in the automotive industry, Clin. BioMech., 13, 561, 10.1016/S0268-0033(98)00020-5 2022 Paul, 2015, Ergonomic assessment of hospital bed moving using DHM Siemens JACK, Proceedings of the 19th Triennial Congress of the International Ergonomics Association, August, 1 Perez, 2015, Ergonomists' and engineers' views on the utility of virtual human factors tools, Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing & Service Industries, 25, 279, 10.1002/hfm.20541 Perez, 2014, Discrete event simulation as an ergonomic tool to predict workload exposures during systems design, Int. J. Ind. Ergon., 44, 298, 10.1016/j.ergon.2013.04.007 Pérez-Francisco, 2020, Influence of workload on primary care nurses' health and burnout, patients' safety, and quality of care: integrative review, Health Care, 8, 1 Potter, 2005, Understanding the cognitive work of nursing in the acute care environment, J. Nurs. Adm., 35, 327 Potter, 2009, An analysis of nurses ’ cognitive work : a new perspective for understanding medical errors, Int. J. Healthc. Inf. Syst. Inf., 4, 39 Purdy, 2010, Effects of work environments on nurse and patient outcomes, J. Nurs. Manag., 18, 901, 10.1111/j.1365-2834.2010.01172.x Qureshi, 2020, Development of a methodology for healthcare system simulations to quantify nurse workload and quality of care, IISE Transactions on Occupational Ergonomics and Human Factors, 8, 27, 10.1080/24725838.2020.1736692 Qureshi, 2021, A computerized model quantifying the impact of geographical patient-bed assignment on nurse workload and quality care, Nursing Economic$, 39, 23 Qureshi, 2021, Developing a modelling approach to quantify quality of care and nurse workload — Field validation study, Operations Research for Health Care, 29, 10.1016/j.orhc.2021.100301 Qureshi, 2022, Modelling the impacts of covid-19 on nurse workload and quality of care using process simulation, PLoS One, 17, 10.1371/journal.pone.0275890 Qureshi, 2022, Exploring the impact of COVID-19 on aircraft boarding strategies using discrete event simulation, Operations and Supply Chain Management, 15, 424 2008 Rowe, 2005, Stress and verbal abuse in nursing: do burned out nurses eat their young?, J. Nurs. Manag., 13, 242, 10.1111/j.1365-2834.2004.00533.x Sanjog, 2012, DHM an aid for virtual ergonomics of manufacturing shop floor: a review with reference to industrially developing countries, Int. J. Comput. Appl., 54, 18 Sanjog, 2012, DHM an aid for virtual ergonomics of manufacturing shop floor: a review with reference to industrially developing countries, Int. J. Comput. Appl., 54, 18 Sargent, 2013, Verification and validation of simulation models, J. Simulat., 7, 12, 10.1057/jos.2012.20 Schall, 2018, Digital human modeling in the occupational safety and health process: an application in manufacturing, IISE Transactions on Occupational Ergonomics and Human Factors, 6, 10.1080/24725838.2018.1491430 Seaman, 2010, Biomechanical shoulder loads and postures in light automotive assembly workers: comparison between shoulder pain/no pain groups, Work, 35, 39, 10.3233/WOR-2010-0956 Sermeus, 2011, Nurse forecasting in Europe (RN4CAST): rationale, design and methodology, BMC Nurs., 10, 6, 10.1186/1472-6955-10-6 Sterman, 2002, All models are wrong: reflections on becoming a systems scientist, Syst. Dynam. Rev., 18, 501, 10.1002/sdr.261 Shoja, 2020, Covid-19 effects on the workload of Iranian healthcare workers, BMC Publ. Health, 20, 1, 10.1186/s12889-020-09743-w Shun, 2021, COVID-19 pandemic: the challenges to the professional identity of nurses and nursing education, J. Nurs. Res. : J. Nurs. Res., 29, e138, 10.1097/JNR.0000000000000431 Smith, 2018, Association of the nurse work environment with nurse incivility in hospitals, J. Nurs. Manag., 26, 219, 10.1111/jonm.12537 Sobhani, 2015, Investigating work-related ill health effects in optimizing the performance of manufacturing systems, Eur. J. Oper. Res., 241, 708, 10.1016/j.ejor.2014.09.032 Sobhani, 2016, Integrating ergonomics aspects into operations management performance optimization models: a modeling framework, IIE Transactions on Occupational Ergonomics and Human Factors, 4, 19, 10.1080/21577323.2016.1178190 Sobhani, 2017, Incorporating human factors-related performance variation in optimizing a serial system, Eur. J. Oper. Res., 257, 69, 10.1016/j.ejor.2016.06.057 Song, 2004, Fast-tracking (bypassing the PACU) does not reduce nursing workload after ambulatory surgery, Br. J. Anaesth., 93, 768, 10.1093/bja/aeh265 Staggs, 2017, Nursing skill mix, nurse staffing level, and physical restraint use in US hospitals: a longitudinal study, J. Gen. Intern. Med., 32, 35, 10.1007/s11606-016-3830-z Statistics Canada, 2022 Stelnicki, 2021, Mental disorder symptoms among nurses in Canada, 53 Sundaramoorthi, 2009, A data-integrated simulation model to evaluate nurse-patient assignments, Health Care Manag. Sci., 12, 252, 10.1007/s10729-008-9090-7 Swisher, 2002, Evaluating the design of a family practice healthcare clinic using discrete-event simulation, Health Care Manag. Sci., 5, 75, 10.1023/A:1014464529565 Takala, 2010, Systematic evaluation of observational methods assessing biomechanical exposures at work, Scand. J. Work. Environ. Health, 36, 3, 10.5271/sjweh.2876 Tariah, 2020, Work-related musculoskeletal disorders in nurses working in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Work, 65, 421, 10.3233/WOR-203094 2022 Thinkhamrop, 2017, Burden of musculoskeletal disorders among registered nurses: evidence from the Thai nurse cohort study, BMC Nurs., 16, 1, 10.1186/s12912-017-0263-x Trinkoff, 2003, Perceived physical demands and reported musculoskeletal problems in registered nurses, Am. J. Prev. Med., 24, 270, 10.1016/S0749-3797(02)00639-6 Vermeir, 2018, Communication satisfaction and job satisfaction among critical care nurses and their impact on burnout and intention to leave: a questionnaire study, Intensive Crit. Care Nurs., 48, 21, 10.1016/j.iccn.2018.07.001 Wang, 2022, Psychosocial experiences of front-line nurses working during the COVID-19 pandemic in hubei, China: a qualitative study, Front. Public Health, 9, 1 Wells, 2007, Time-A key issue for musculoskeletal health and manufacturing, Appl. Ergon., 38, 733, 10.1016/j.apergo.2006.12.003 Xu, 2021, Psychosocial experiences of frontline nurses working in hospital-based settings during the COVID-19 pandemic - a qualitative systematic review, International Journal of Nursing Studies Advances, 3, 10.1016/j.ijnsa.2021.100037 Yen, 2018, Nurses' time allocation and multitasking of nursing activities: a time motion study, AMIA ... Annual Symposium Proceedings. AMIA Symposium, 2018, 1137 Zhang, 2018, The height-adaptive parameterized step length measurement method and experiment based on motion parameters, Sensors, 18, 10.3390/s18041039 Zhang, 2013, Digital human modeling for musculoskeletal disorder ergonomics researches in healthcare, 10.1007/978-3-642-38433-2_120 Zhu, 2019, Applications and research trends of digital human models in the manufacturing industry, Virtual Reality & Intelligent Hardware, 1, 558, 10.1016/j.vrih.2019.09.005 2009 Kumar, 2001, Theories of musculoskeletal injury causation, Ergonomics, 44, 17, 10.1080/00140130120716