Comprehensive estimation of spatial and temporal migratory connectivity across the annual cycle to direct conservation efforts

Ecography - Tập 44 Số 5 - Trang 665-679 - 2021
Elly C. Knight1, Autumn‐Lynn Harrison2, Amy L. Scarpignato2, Steven L. Van Wilgenburg3, Erin M. Bayne1, Janet W. Ng1, Emily Angell4, Reed Bowman4, R. Mark Brigham5, Bruno Drolet3, Wendy E. Easton3, Timothy R. Forrester6, Jeffrey T. Foster7, Samuel Haché3, Kevin C. Hannah3, Kristina Hick8, Jacques Ibarzabal9, Tara L. Imlay3, Stuart A. Mackenzie10, A.C. Marsh11, Liam P. McGuire12,13, Gretchen N. Newberry14, David J. Newstead15, Andrea Sidler5, Pam H. Sinclair3, Jaime L. Stephens16, David L. Swanson13, Junior A. Tremblay8, Peter P. Marra17,2
1Dept of Biological Sciences, Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
2Migratory Bird Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Inst., National Zoological Park, Washington, DC, USA
3Environment and Climate Change Canada, Canadian Wildlife Service, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
4Avian Ecology Program, Archbold Biological Station, Venus, FL, USA
5Dept of Biology, Univ. of Regina, Regina, SK, Canada
6Montana Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit, Univ. of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
7Pathogen and Microbiome Inst., Northern Arizona Univ., Flagstaff, AZ, USA
8Wildlife Research Division, Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada, QC, Canada
9Dépt des Sciences Fondamentales, Univ. du Québec à Chicoutimi Chicoutimi QC Canada
10Birds Canada, Port Rowan, ON, Canada
11Lotek Wireless Inc., St John's, NL, Canada
12Dept of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech Univ., Lubbock, TX, USA
13Dept of Biology, Univ. of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
14Dept of Biology, Univ. of South Dakota Vermillion SD USA
15Coastal Bend Bays & Estuaries Program Corpus Christi TX USA
16Klamath Bird Observatory, Ashland, OR, USA
17Dept of Biology and McCourt School of Public Policy, Georgetown Univ., Washington, DC, USA

Tóm tắt

Migratory connectivity is the degree to which populations are linked in space and time across the annual cycle. Low connectivity indicates mixing of populations while high connectivity indicates population separation in space or time. High migratory connectivity makes individual populations susceptible to local environmental conditions; therefore, evaluating migratory connectivity continuously across a species range is important for understanding differential population trends and revealing places and times contributing to these differences. The common nighthawk Chordeiles minor is a widespread, declining, long‐distance migratory bird. Variable population trends across the nighthawk breeding range suggest that knowledge of migratory connectivity is needed to direct conservation. We used GPS tags to track 52 individuals from 12 breeding populations. We estimated migratory connectivity as 0.29 (Mantel coefficient: 0 = no connectivity, 1 = full connectivity) between the breeding and wintering grounds. We then estimated migratory connectivity at every latitude (spatial connectivity) or day (temporal connectivity) of migration and smoothed those migratory connectivity estimates to produce continuous migratory connectivity ‘profiles'. Spatial and temporal connectivity were highest during migration through North America (around 0.3–0.6), with values generally around 0 in Central and South America due to mixing of populations along a common migratory route and similar migration timing across populations. We found local peaks in spatial and temporal connectivity during migration associated with crossing the Gulf of Mexico. We used simulations to estimate the probability that our method missed peaks (spatial: 0.12, temporal: 0.18) or detected false peaks (spatial: 0.11, temporal: 0.37) due to data gaps and showed that our approach remains useful even for sparse and/or sporadic location data. Our study presents a generalizable approach to evaluating migratory connectivity across the full annual cycle that can be used to focus migratory bird conservation towards places and times of the annual cycle where populations are more likely to be limited.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

10.1371/journal.pone.0041195

10.2307/3677155

10.1016/j.jtbi.2008.11.019

10.18637/jss.v067.i01

10.1111/oik.02706

10.1017/S0959270917000296

Borchers H. W., 2019, Pracma: practical numerical math functions. – R package ver. 2.2.9

10.1098/rsbl.2018.0679

10.1111/jav.01002

10.2173/bna.213

10.1080/00063657.2012.753400

10.1650/CONDOR-17-20.1

Cohen E. B., 2017, Quantifying the strength of migratory connectivity, Methods Ecol. Evol., 85, 749

Cohen E. B., 2018, The strength of migratory connectivity for birds en route to breeding through the Gulf of Mexico, Ecography, 33, 1035

Cresswell W., 2014, Migratory connectivity of Palaearctic–African migratory birds and their responses to environmental change: the serial residency hypothesis, Ecology, 156, 493

10.1126/science.abb7080

10.1214/aos/1176345462

10.1007/s10980-016-0454-y

10.1002/ece3.4077

Recovery strategy for the common nighthawk Chordeiles minor in Canada 2016

10.1111/ddi.12345

10.1111/1365-2656.12635

Fink D., 2020, eBird status and trends, data ver.: 2018

10.1098/rspb.2012.2207

10.1098/rspb.2018.1916

Hijmans R. J., 2017, geosphere: spherical trigonometry. – R package ver. 1.5‐7

Hobson K. A., 2015, A continent‐wide migratory divide in North American breeding barn swallows Hirundo rustica, PLoS One, 10

10.5751/ACE-01463-150102

Johnson D. S., 2018, crawl: an R package for fitting continuous‐time correlated random walk models to animal movement data

10.1890/07-1032.1

10.1111/jav.00929

10.1073/pnas.1718985115

10.1016/j.envsoft.2010.12.005

Krzywinski M, 2013, Points of significance: error bars, Nature, 10, 921

Lisic J., 2018, meanShiftR: a computationally efficient mean shift implementation. – R package ver. 0.53

Marra P. P., 2006, Migratory connectivity, Maintaining connections for nature, 157

10.1098/rsbl.2015.0552

Marra P. P., 2018, Migratory connectivity, Encyclopedia of animal behavior, 645

10.1111/ecog.02957

10.1139/cjz-2017-0098

10.1650/8350.1

10.3389/fevo.2019.00323

10.1515/ami-2018-0010

10.1080/1747423X.2011.650228

10.1111/j.2041-210X.2012.00197.x

10.1098/rspb.2015.2846

10.1016/j.biocon.2019.01.020

10.1111/jbi.13713

Sauer J. R., 2017, The North American Breeding Bird Survey, results and analysis 1966–2015. Ver.207.2017

10.18194/ws.00046

10.1093/condor/duz010

10.1890/14-1410

10.1007/s00114-018-1566-9

Webster M. S., 2005, The importance of understanding migratory connectivity and seasonal interactions, Birds of two worlds: the ecology and evolution of migration, 199

10.1016/S0169-5347(01)02380-1

10.1890/10-1757.1

10.1111/j.1467-9868.2010.00749.x

10.1201/9781315370279

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Ecography

Tập 44 Số 5

665-679

Thông tin tác giả