Comparison of total energy expenditure between school and summer months

Pediatric obesity - Tập 8 Số 5 - Trang 404-410 - 2013
S. R. J. Zinkel1, Maung Moe1, Edward A. Stern2, Van S. Hubbard3, Susan Z. Yanovski4,2, Jack A. Yanovski2, Dale A. Schoeller1
1Department of Nutritional Sciences University of Wisconsin – Madison Madison WI USA
2Section on Growth and Obesity, PREGEN, NICHD, Hatfield Clinical Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
3Division of Nutrition Research Coordination, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
4Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA

Tóm tắt

SummaryWhat is already known about this subject

Childhood obesity has increased 3 to 4 fold.

Some children gain excess weight in summer.

What this study adds

Total energy expenditure increases almost linearly with fat‐free mass.

A lower total energy expenditure was not detected in summer.

Objective

Recent data report that the youth experience greater weight gain during summer than during school months. We tested the hypothesis that a difference in total energy expenditure (TEE) between school and summer months exists and may contribute to summer weight gain.

Subjects and methods

A secondary analysis was performed on cross‐sectional TEE data from school‐age, sedentary African–American and Caucasian youth based in or near the District of Columbia who were at‐risk for adult obesity because they had body mass index (BMI) ≥ 85th percentile or had overweight parents. TEE was estimated from 18‐O and deuterium measurements during 1‐week intervals using urine samples collected after ingestion of doubly labelled water. Differences in summer‐ and school‐time TEE were assessed using analysis of covariance. The data were adjusted for fat‐free mass (FFM) as determined by deuterium dilution to adjust for the effect of body size on TEE.

Results

Data were collected from 162 youth (average age 10 ± 2 years, BMI 28 ± 8 kg m−2 and BMI z‐score 1.96 + 0.96). Of these, 96 youth had TEE measured during the school year (September–June); 66 different youths had TEE measured during summer months (June–August). After adjustment for FFM, average summertime TEE was 2450 ± 270 kcal d−1 and average school‐time TEE was 2510 ± 350 kcal d−1 (P = 0.26).

Conclusion

No difference in TEE was detected between the school year and the summer months. These data suggest that seasonal differences in youth weight gain are not necessarily due to differences in energy expenditures.

Từ khóa


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Pediatric obesity

Tập 8 Số 5

404-410

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